Donglin Zhang

• Xi'an Jiaotong University

The mechanisms underlying leaf variegation in the ornamental Ilex × ‘Solar Flare’ remain poorly understood. To investigate this phenomenon, we conducted a comprehensive characterization of its variegated leaves. Compared to green sectors, yellow sectors exhibited severe chloroplast structural abnormalities, including swollen chloroplasts, damaged t...

With the development of society and the economy, the demand for food nutrition evaluation is increasing. Consequently, various nutritional estimation methods have been proposed. However, there are still some issues that need to be further considered. Specifically, (1) Traditional methods often rely on specialized biochemical instruments and are typ...

Leaves are the primary tissue for photosynthesis and transpiration, playing an irreplaceable role in the ecosystem. Understanding variations in leaf morphology across different populations is crucial for better insight into plant classification, evolution, and cultivation practices. From 10 populations of Lagerstroemia excelsa and 80 individual spe...

Crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia L.), as a popular ornamental plant, holds significant importance in residents’ daily lives by supporting ecosystem services, enhancing urban aesthetics, and even impacting biological health. There are notable variations among crape myrtle species across different geographical distributions. However, potential differences...

Nutrition estimation plays an important role in promoting food analysis and quality development. In recent years, with the development of deep learning and computer vision technologies, several vision-based nutrition evaluation methods have emerged. Compared with the traditional physical and chemical methods, these methods can quickly predict the c...

Introduction Magnolia grandiflora L. (southern magnolia) is native to the southeastern coastal areas of the United States, from North Carolina to eastern Texas (USDA Cold Hardiness Zone 8). It is currently widely cultivated in Zones 5-10 in the U.S. and in southern Yangtze River regions in China. Limited studies have examined the effects of climate...

In target tracking, multiple non-colocated radars usually make observations in their own local coordinate systems with different locations and attitudes. However, the fusion center normally performs tracking in a global Cartesian coordinate system, where target motion is usually modeled. As a result, existing recursive linear minimum mean square er...

Background The taxonomy of Taxus Linn. remains controversial due to its continuous phenotypic variation and unstable topology, thus adversely affecting the formulation of scientific conservation strategies for this genus. Recently, a new ecotype, known as Qinling type, is mainly distributed in the Qinling Mountains and belongs to a monophyletic gro...

Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial impact of plants on the overall well-being of elderly individuals. However, there remains a gap in our understanding which specific plant species have a notable influence on the physical and mental health of the elderly population. Among the various woody ornamental plants used worldwide, crape myrt...

Ilex × attenuata ‘Sunny Foster’ represents a yellow leaf mutant originating from I. × attenuata ‘Foster#2’, a popular ornamental woody cultivar. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this leaf color mutation remain unclear. Using a comprehensive approach encompassing cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic methodologies, notable disti...

Malus is an important ornamental plant around the world and widely used in commercial production due to its diversity and wide adaptability. ‘Zi Dieer’ crabapple has good adaptability to a wide temperature range (high and low), disease resistance, and high commercial value. To satisfy the market demand, we established ‘Zi Dieer’ crabapple micro-reg...

As a popular ornamental plant and an effective species for controlling rocky desertification, the identification and protection of potential habitats of Lagerstroemia excelsa habitats hold significant importance. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the natural resources and growing conditions for L. excelsa, predictive modeling was employed to...

Visual perception is a crucial component of autonomous driving. Fully understanding the road environment is conducive to the safe driving of vehicles. However, most existing methods are usually unable to simultaneously accomplish multiple visual perception tasks, limiting the promotion and utilization. To this end, we propose VLNet: a novel and eff...

In received signal strength (RSS) based radio source localisation, RSS measurements can be converted to the squared distance estimates between the emission source and the sensors to construct a system of pseudolinear equations, allowing for the use of the weighted linear least squares (WLLS) estimators for location estimation. The WLLS estimators a...

Phellodendron has always been of great significance in promoting human health and ecological restoration. However, human activities and climate change have severely affected habitat, population dynamics and sustainable use of Phellodendron . Little is known about the geographical distribution pattern and their responses to climate change of Phellod...

Lagerstroemia is a genus with a wide geographical range extending from Southeast Asia to Australia, and it plays a significant role in many aspects of urban life, including supporting ecosystems, beautifying cities, and affecting human health. To gain insights into the current state of Lagerstroemia research, a bibliometric analysis was conducted u...

Light quality is a vital environmental signal used to trigger growth and to develop structural differentiation in plants, and it influences morphological, physiological, and biochemical metabolites. In previous studies, different light qualities were found to regulate the synthesis of anthocyanin. However, the mechanism of the synthesis and accumul...

The WRKY gene family plays important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum has high ornamental and medicinal value. However, few WRKY genes have been reported in this plant, and their functions remain unknown. To explore the roles that the WRKY genes play...

For mass propagation of Ilex cassine ‘angustifolia’, tissue culture was used to shorten its propagation cycle. We sterilized its nodal segments as explants and then cultured them on MS basic medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-BA and NAA, and placed them in the culture room for the induction and proliferation of adventitious shoo...

The Loropetalum chinense and Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum are typical as well as traditional ornamental and Chinese herbal medicines in Asia; however, more information is needed on the mechanisms underlying their flower coloring. Here, we profiled the flavonoid metabolome and carried out full-length sequencing in addition to transcriptome analy...

The Loropetalum chinense and Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum are typical and traditional ornamental and Chinese herbal medicine in Asia. However, more information is needed on the mechanisms underlying its flower coloring. Here, we profiled the flavonoid metabolome, full-length sequencing, and transcriptome analysis to investigate the flavonoid bi...

MIKCC-type MADS-box genes are involved in floral organ identity determination but remain less studied in the Malus lineage. Based on the conserved domains of this gene family, we identified 341 genes among 13 species. Classification results showed that the MIKCC-type were generated later than the M-type, after the formation of Chlamydomonas reinhar...

Floral scent plays an important role in plant reproduction and has esthetic implications. However, in the genus Lagerstroemia, taxa with distinct fragrances are rare, which limits their economic value. This study used headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC–MS) to analyze the floral scent component...

In recent years, hashing methods have received extensive attention in multimedia search due to their high computational and storage efficiency. However, most of them explore the common representation of multi-modality data and then use it to generate the hash codes but ignore the specific properties of each modality. To mitigate this problem, we pr...

Cross-modal hashing (CMH) has recently received increasing attention with the merit of speed and storage in performing large-scale cross-media similarity search. However, most existing cross-media approaches utilize the batch-based mode to update hash functions, without the ability to efficiently handle the online streaming multimedia data. Online...

Recently, hashing-based multimodal learning systems have received increasing attention due to their query efficiency and parsimonious storage costs. However, impeded by the quantization loss caused by numerical optimization, the existing cross-media hashing approaches are unable to capture all the discriminative information present in the original...

Recently, online hashing has received extensive attention in cross-modal retrieval since it can effectively deal with large-scale streaming data. However, some of them in online cross-modal retrieval still have the following limitations: (1) They cannot take full advantage of the supervision information among the data in some cases. (2) The hash co...

Climate change affects the species spatio‐temporal distribution deeply. However, how climate affects the spatio‐temporal distribution pattern of related species on the large scale remains largely unclear. Here, we selected two closely related species in Taxus genus Taxus chinensis and Taxus mairei to explore their distribution pattern. Four environ...

Hashing approaches show excellent retrieval efficiency and low storage usage in search tasks. In general, most existing deep hashing approaches mainly focus on constructing the pairwise similarity matrix by exploiting the supervised information. However, they rarely construct a label network using the labels to guide hash code learning and thus can...

Ilex dabieshanensis K. Yao & M. B. Deng is not only a highly valued tree species for landscaping, it is also a good material for making kuding tea due to its anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering medicinal properties. Utilizing next-generation and long-read sequencing technologies, we assembled the whole chloroplast genome of I. dabieshanensis. The...

Climate change affects the species spatio-temporal distribution deeply. However, how climate affects the spatio-temporal distribution pattern of related species on the large scale remains largely unclear. Here, we selected two closely related species in Taxus genus Taxus chinensis and Taxus mairei to explore their distribution pattern. Four environ...

The explosive growth of multimedia data on the Internet has magnified the challenge of information retrieval. Multimedia data usually emerges in different modalities, such as image, text, video, and audio. Unsupervised cross-modal hashing techniques that support searching among multi-modal data have gained importance in large-scale retrieval tasks...

China is the distribution center of Malus and has 22 of the 35 worldwide species (Li, 1999). Chinese crabapples (Malus) were introduced to North America and Europe in the 18th century and were planted widely.

Hashing plays an important role in information retrieval, due to its low storage and high speed of processing. As an effective multi-modal representation learning method, multi-modal hashing has received particular attention. Most of the existing multi-modal hashing methods adopt the fixed weighting factors to fuse multiple modalities for any query...

Nowadays the measure between heterogeneous data is still an open problem for cross-modal retrieval. The core of cross-modal retrieval is how to measure the similarity between different types of data. Many approaches have been developed to solve the problem. As one of the mainstream, approaches based on subspace learning pay attention to learning a...

Climate change is considered to affect the species distribution deeply in time and space. Knowledge of how plant distribution responded to climate change may help us know their evolutionary history and predict ongoing environmental changes. Elevational range shifts of species in response to climate change is a common phenomenon in mountains, especi...

Due to the explosive growth of multimedia data in recent years, cross-media hashing (CMH) approaches have recently received increasing attention. To learn the hash codes, most existing supervised CMH algorithms employ the strict binary label information, which has tiny gaps between the incorrect labels (0) and the true labels (1), increasing the ri...

Background In angiosperms, phenotypic variation of floral organs is often considered as the traditional basis for the evolutionary relationship of different taxonomic groups above the species level. However, little is known about that at or below the species level. Here, we experimentally tested the phenotypic variation of Malus floral organs using...

Prunus laurocerasus is an evergreen species of Rosaceae, native to southwestern Asia and southeastern Europe. It is a widely cultivated ornamental plant in gardens and parks in temperate regions. A new cultivar with 2-4 cm long and 0.5-1.5 cm broad leaves was collected and regenerated with the stem cuttings in November. All cuttings were treated wi...

Recently, cross-modal retrieval has gained much attention due to ever-increasing multimedia data. However, existing cross-modal algorithms require that the training set and the test set share the same categories, which cannot well search data of newly emerged categories. Therefore, more practical zero-shot cross-modal retrieval (ZSCMR) has become a...

Hashing based methods have gained great success for cross-modal similarity search, due to its fast query speed and low storage cost. However, there are some challenging problems that need to be further solved: 1) Many approaches are sensitive to noises and outliers, because ℓ2 norm is utilized in the objective function, the error may be amplified....

In recent years, cross-media hashing technique has attracted increasing attention for its high computation efficiency and low storage cost. However, the existing approaches still have some limitations, which need to be explored. 1) A fixed hash length (e.g., 16bits or 32bits) is predefined before learning the binary codes. Therefore, these models n...

In recent years, cross-media hashing technique has attracted increasing attention for its high computation efficiency and low storage cost. However, the existing approaches still have some limitations, which need to be explored. 1) A fixed hash length (e.g., 16bits or 32bits) is predefined before learning the binary codes. Therefore, these models n...

Given the merits in high computational efficiency and low storage cost, hashing techniques have been widely studied in cross-media retrieval. Existing cross-media hashing algorithms usually adopt an equal-length encoding scheme to represent the multimedia data. However, the strictly equal length encoding scheme may not effectively characterize the...

Hashing methods have sparked a great revolution on large-scale cross-media search due to its effectiveness and efficiency. Most existing approaches learn unified hash representation in a common Hamming space to represent all multimodal data. However, the unified hash codes may not characterize the cross-modal data discriminatively, because the data...

Hashing methods have sparked great attention on multimedia tasks due to their effectiveness and efficiency. However, most existing methods generate binary codes by relaxing the binary constraints, which may cause large quantization error. In addition, most supervised cross-modal approaches preserve the similarity relationship by constructing an ${...

Kalmia latifolia L. (mountain laurel), an attractive flowering shrub, is considered to be a high-value ornamental plant for the eastern United States. Limited information on the genetic diversity and structure of K. latifolia is available, which obstructs efficient germplasm utilization and breeding for adaptability to southeastern environmental co...

Due to the low storage cost and computational efficiency, hashing approaches have drawn considerable interest and gained great success in multimodal retrieval. However, most existing works study the local geometric structure in the original space, which suffers from intra- and inter-modality ambiguity, resulting in low discriminative hash codes. To...

Floral symmetry (corolla symmetry) has important biological significance in plant genetics and evolution. However, it is often multi-dimensional and difficult to quantify. Here, we constructed a multi-dimensional data matrix [X Y Z] by extracting three qualitative variables with binary properties (X: corolla regularity of interval and coplanarity;...

Background: Phenotypic diversity of floral organs plays an important role in plant systematic taxonomy and genetic variation studies. Previous research have focused on the direction of variation but disregarded its degree. Phenotypic variation (including directions and degrees) of 17 floral traits from wild to cultivated crabapples were explored b...

We documented a successful embryo rescue (ER) protocol for butterfly weed ( Asclepias tuberosa ), a member of the milkweed family (Asclepiadaceae). Milkweed ( Asclepias sp.) includes more than 100 species native to the United States, is an important pollinator plant, and has many commercially desirable traits. However, there is little commercial pr...

Microsatellite markers are widely used in population genetic analyses. However, the common occurrence of null alleles and their effect on population parameters such as observed heterozygosity, genetic differentiation coefficient, etc., needs to be addressed. Two microsatellite data sets based on original and redesigned primers were used to assess t...

Flowering crabapple is an important ornamental flower. It is vital to understand the floral scent properties and the associated release dynamics for carrying out fragrant flower breeding or floral regulation of crabapple. Static headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to detect the volatile c...