Dong Shen

Renmin University of China | RUC · School of Mathematics

As a means of mass transportation, the safety and passengers’ comfort of maglev trains are paramount. Nevertheless, evaluating the two indices of maglev trains is challenging based on individual error measures. Of note, track irregularities on a maglev line may introduce unsafety concerns and discomfort for passengers. Finding a suitable control sc...

This study investigates the trajectory tracking problem for stochastic systems and proposes a novel adaptive gain design to enhance the transient convergence performance of the learning control scheme. Differing from the existing results that mainly focused on gain’s transition from constant to decreasing ones to suppress noise influence, this stud...

This paper considers the quantized iterative learning control for differential inclusion systems with channel fading. The study aims to achieve desired control objectives in the unreliable networks with limited bandwidth and fading channel. For differential inclusion systems, the Steiner-type selection theorem in set-valued analysis is applied to t...

Iterative learning control (ILC) drives the tracking error of a system that runs repeatedly to converge to zero. This article studies the acceleration of first-order ILC via the heavy ball method. We modify the first-order ILC with the heavy ball and prove the convergence. For the proportional-type ILC schemes with heavy ball strategy, we give the...

The advanced train-to-train (T2T) communication technology, equipped with multiple high-speed trains (MHSTs), has the potential to enable train groups to maintain a stable T2T distance and achieve consensus tracking of MHSTs, thereby enhancing operational safety and efficiency. This study focuses on the data-driven distributed control issue of MHST...

This study investigates the iterative learning control method for discrete‐time systems with data quantization, and it employs a quantizer based on spherical polar coordinates. The quantizer uses spherical polar coordinates to transform an unquantized signal into one with a predetermined quantization level. The quantization capability is dependent...

This article investigates the tracking ability of iterative learning control (ILC) for a class of affine high-order fully actuated (HOFA) systems. Tracking ability refers to the property that the system can track any desired output trajectory. The emerging HOFA system theory is a control-oriented approach. Under this theory framework, we present an...

This paper studies the finite‐time tracking problem for nonlinear impulsive differential inclusion systems with randomly varying trial lengths. First, we convert the set‐valued mapping in the differential inclusion systems to single‐valued mapping by a Steiner‐type selector. For the tracking problem of random discontinuous output trajectories, this...

The aim of this paper is to study iterative learning control for differential inclusion systems with random fading channels between the plant and the controller. In reality, the phenomenon of fading will inevitably occur in network transmission, which will greatly affect the tracking ability of output trajectory. This study discusses the impact of...

The proportional type update rule (PTUR) is the most widely used iterative learning control (ILC) scheme. Recently, a fractional-power type update rule (FTUR) was proposed to accelerate PTUR. However, PTUR and FTUR converge slowly for small and large tracking errors, respectively. In this study, a multistage update rule (MSUR) is designed to accele...

Using the proportional type update rule (PTUR) is the most common update approach for iterative learning control (ILC). By combining PTUR and a newly proposed fractional-power type update rule (FTUR), a fractional-proportional -type update rule (FPUR) is proposed to achieve fast convergence for scenarios where the tracking errors can be large or sm...

Finite-and fixed-time parameter estimation and adaptive control have been extensively investigated in recent years. This study proposes a finite-and fixed-time learning control framework to achieve simultaneous finite/fixed-time parameter estimation and control. The proposed learning control method first estimates unknown parameters and then uses t...

This study investigates the performance of discrete-time systems under quantized iterative learning control. An encoding–decoding mechanism is combined with a spherical polar coordinate-based quantizer to process the signals transmitted through a control network, which introduces a quantization operation to the encoding process. A scenario involvin...

In a multisensor system, each sensor typically requires independent reference tracking while conflicts arise due to differing desired inputs for different sensors. This scenario presents an exemplary incompatible multiobjective tracking problem (IMOTP), which can be resolved as a multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP). We propose an iterative l...

The randomized Kaczmarz algorithm is a simple iterative method for solving linear systems of equations. This study proposes a variant of the randomized Kaczmarz algorithm by combining block projection and weighted averaging techniques. Here, block projection quickly decreases iterative errors, and averaging reduces randomness and enables parallel c...

This study proposes a novel iterative learning control scheme for discrete‐time linear systems based on the Broyden‐class optimization method. To overcome the difficulty of lacking system information, a cost function is introduced for the performance index by constructing a positive‐definite matrix with little system information. An optimization‐ba...

In this paper, we introduce a new kind of conformable stochastic impulsive differential systems (CSIDS) involving discrete distribution of Bernoulli. For random discontinuous trajectories, we modify the tracking error of piecewise continuous variables by a zero-order holder. First, the improved P -type and PD α -type learning laws of the random ite...

Traditional iterative learning control (ILC) algorithms usually assume that full system information and operation data can be utilized. However, due to the uncertainty and complexity of actual systems, it is difficult to access full system information and operation data accurately and completely. In this chapter, a novel ILC scheme based on stochas...

The P-type update law has been the mainstream technique used in iterative learning control (ILC) systems, which resembles linear feedback control with asymptotical convergence. In recent years, finite-time control strategies such as terminal sliding mode control have been shown to be effective in ramping up convergence speed by introducing fraction...

Trajectory tracking problems related to high-speed trains (HSTs) are fundamental issues that affect the operation safety and ride comfort. This study proposes a distributed learning control scheme based on a multiagent system framework for trajectory tracking of HSTs subject to operation safety constraints. Two different connection modes are consid...

In this paper, we study the adaptive fixed-time consensus control for stochastic multi-agent systems (SMASs) with uncertain actuator faults. Firstly, a fully distributed adaptive consensus protocol and an adaptive fault-tolerant consensus protocol are proposed, respectively, to ensure that the fixed-time consensus of SMASs with actuator faults can...

Existing parameter estimation methods for continuous-time systems (CTSs) primarily filter the signal and transform differential equations into linear regression equations (LREs); therefore, the estimation method for LREs can be used. However, these methods have the following limitations. First, the convergence speed of parameter estimation is low b...

With the development of high-speed rail transportation, the automatic train operation (ATO) of high-speed trains (HSTs) has attracted considerable attention in the fields of both theoretical research and engineering practice. The core task of ATO is trajectory tracking. As an intelligent control method that imitates human learning behavior, iterati...

For unachievable tracking problems, where the system output cannot precisely track a given reference, achieving the best possible approximation for the reference trajectory becomes the objective. This study aims to investigate solutions using the P-type learning control scheme. Initially, we demonstrate the necessity of gradient information for ach...

This article investigates the observability for Markovian jump Boolean network with random delay effect (MJBNRDE) in states which including two mutually independent Markov chains. First, the observability of MJBNRDE is converted into set reachability of the interconnected MJBNRDE by semi-tensor product and a parallel extension technique. Then, we d...

Accurate pattern transfer in wafer scanners necessitates the wafer stage and the reticle stage executing a coordinated motion with the synchronization error in terms of nanometers. In an attempt to cope with this challenging issue, a cross-coupling iterative learning control (ILC) with two inputs and two outputs is proposed and then decomposed into...

This paper investigates consensus control problem for a class of distributed parameter type multi-agent differential inclusion systems with state time-delay by utilizing iterative learning control (ILC). Unlike most ILC literature of nonlinear distributed parameter systems that require an identical virtual leader, the virtual leader is iteratively...

The networked structure has attracted significant attention due to high demand for industrial systems and rapid developments of network communication. Among various network randomness, fading is a common phenomenon, which can lead to signal attenuation, distortion, loss, and interference. This study concentrates on the point-to-point tracking probl...

In this paper, we introduce a modified delayed perturbation of discrete matrix exponential for impulsive linear discrete delay systems with non-permutable matrices. Using the Z\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgre...

This study uses a multistage learning mechanism concept to investigate the accelerated learning control for stochastic systems. In this mechanism, the learning iterations are divided into successive stages, with each stage comprising several iterations. The learning gain is constant in each stage to accelerate the learning process and decreases it...

In this study, a quantized iterative learning control method with an encoding–decoding mechanism is investigated for networked control systems with constrained transmission bandwidths and random data dropouts at both the measurement and actuator sides. The intermittent update principle is used to address the problem of data asynchronism caused by t...

This article studies the conflicting goals of high-precision tracking and quick convergence speed, which is a longstanding problem in the learning control of stochastic systems. In such systems, a decreasing gain sequence is necessary to ensure the asymptotic convergence of the generated input sequence to a fixed limit. However, the convergence spe...

This article investigates the distributed iterative learning control for heating ventilation and air condition (HVAC) systems. Large‐scale building HVAC systems consisting of several subsystems are generally disturbed by the external environment and random human activities. The control objective is to achieve all units of the large‐scale building c...

In this study, we investigate the accelerated learning control schemes for point-to-point tracking systems (PTSs) with measurement noise. The asymptotic convergence of the generated input sequence has been a long-standing open issue for point-to-point tracking problems because there are infinite possible input candidates that can drive the system d...

In this paper, we introduce iterative learning control (ILC) schemes with varying trial lengths (VTL) to control impulsive multi-agent systems (I-MAS). We use domain alignment operator to characterize each tracking error to ensure that the error can completely update the control function during each iteration. Then we analyze the system’s uniform c...

This article considers the learning consensus problem of distributed parameter type multi‐agent differential inclusion systems including parabolic type and hyperbolic type. By imposing a Lipschitz condition on a set‐valued mapping and utilizing distributed P$$ P $$‐type iterative learning consensus control protocols, an iterative learning process i...

Kernels offer an effective alternative to implicitly embed the original data into a higher or infinite-dimensional space in support vector machines. Kernel learning, which attempts to determine optimal kernel functions to evaluate relationships between data, has garnered increasing interest. Employing multiple kernels to enhance optimality and gene...

In reality such as a rehabilitation training, a repetitive control is necessary but the operational lengths may be iteration varying due to health condition. For the issue, this article investigates an intermittent optimal learning control scheme that considers the partially available information for the learning processing. The performance index i...

In this paper, an indirect adaptive iterative learning control (iAILC) scheme is proposed for both linear and nonlinear systems to enhance the P-type controller by learning from set points. An adaptive mechanism is included in the iAILC method to regulate the learning gain using I/O measurements in real time. An iAILC method is first designed for l...

Due to electromagnet uncertainties, rail irregularities and other external disturbances, an excessively small levitation gap of electromagnetic levitation system (EMLS) may lead to serious deadlock, which would severely endanger the operational safety of high-speed maglev trains. A highly reliable levitation controller must be designed with the inh...

In this study, we consider the learning-tracking problem for stochastic systems through unreliable communication channels. The channels suffer from both multiplicative and additive randomness subject to unknown probability distributions. The statistics of this randomness, such as mean and covariance, are nonrepetitive in the iteration domain. This...

This article studies the point-to-point (P2P) learning and tracking problem for networked stochastic systems with fading communications by iterative learning control. The P2P tracking problem indicates that only partial positions rather than the whole reference are required to achieve high tracking precision. An auxiliary matrix is introduced to co...

This article addresses the batch-based learning consensus for linear and nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) with faded neighborhood information. The motivation comes from the observation that agents exchange information via wireless networks, which inevitably introduces random fading effect and channel additive noise to the transmitted signals. It...

In this paper, a noisy output-based direct learning tracking control is proposed for stochastic linear systems with nonuniform trial lengths. The iteration-varying trial length is modeled using a Markov chain for demonstration of the iteration-dependence. The effect of the noisy output is asymptotically eliminated using a prior given decreasing gai...

This paper addresses convergence of iterative learning control for impulsive linear discrete delay systems with randomly varying trial lengths when coefficient matrices of systems are permutable. With the aid of the explicit representation of solutions expressed in discrete matrix delayed exponential, we provide two sufficient conditions of converg...

In this article, we consider quantized learning control for linear networked systems with additive channel noise. Our objective is to achieve high tracking performance while reducing the communication burden on the communication network. To address this problem, we propose an integrated framework consisting of two modules: a probabilistic quantizer...

The learning control strategy is studied for networked stochastic systems, where the output and input data are transmitted through multiple independent fading channels. The traditional P-type learning control scheme is revised according to the specific fading positions, where the constant learning gain is replaced by a variable one to suppress the...

This work presents a novel design framework of adaptive iterative learning control (ILC) approach for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. By using the closed-loop reference model that can be viewed as an observer, the proposed adaptive ILC approach can be adapted to deal with the output tracking problem of nonlinear systems with unavailable sys...

Iterative learning control (ILC) has been well recognized for its output tracking ability in systems that perform repetitive tasks such as robot manipulators. In practice, however, the application of ILC remains challenging as it generally requires the repetition of the initial settings and such industrial manipulators do not provide measurements o...

This paper contributes to an efficiently computational algorithm of collaborative learning model predictive control for nonlinear systems and explores the potential of subsystems to accomplish the task collaboratively. The collaboration problem in the control field is usually to track a given reference over a finite time interval by using a set of...

In this paper, we adopt D-type and PD-type learning laws with the initial state of iteration to achieve uniform tracking problem of multi-agent systems subjected to impulsive input. For the multi-agent system with impulse, we show that all agents are driven to achieve a given asymptotical consensus as the iteration number increases via the proposed...

With fast developments in communication technologies, a large number of practical systems adopt the networked control structure. For this structure, the fading problem is an emerging issue among other network problems. It has not been extensively investigated how to guarantee superior control performance in the presence of unknown fading channels....

In this paper, we discuss the consensus tracking problem by introducing two iterative learning control (ILC) protocols (namely, Dα-type and PDα-type) with initial state error for fractional-order homogenous and heterogenous multi-agent systems (MASs), respectively. The initial state of each agent is fixed at the same position away from the desired...

This paper studies iterative learning control (ILC) using faded measurements without system information. The measurements are transmitted through fading channels, where the fading phenomenon is modelled by a multiplicative random variable. The system matrices are assumed unknown a priori and a random difference technique is applied to estimate the...

With the wide use of networks in repetitive systems, channels between a plant and controller may experience random fading, which is a common problem in long-distance wireless data communication. However, the control problem over fading channels is far from resolved. In this paper, we investigate learning control over fading channels to gradually im...

A novel data-driven learning control scheme is proposed for unknown systems with unknown fading sensor channels. The fading randomness is modeled by multiplicative and additive random variables subject to certain unknown distributions. In this scheme, we propose an error transmission mode and an iterative gradient estimation method. Unlike the conv...

This article considers the zero-error tracking problem of quantized iterative learning control for a general networked structure where the data are quantized and transmitted through limited communication channels at both measurement and actuator sides. An encoding and decoding mechanism is introduced into a simple uniform quantizer. The system outp...

In this paper, we design P-type and PIβ-type iterative learning control update laws to deal with the consensus tacking problem for nonlinear fractional-order multi-agent systems with both fixed and iteration-varying communicating graphs. The graphs for the multi-agent system are of the leader-follower type. The nonlinear function in each agent is r...

In this paper, we propose an iterative learning control strategy to track a desired trajectory for a class of uncertain systems governed by nonlinear differential inclusions. By imposing Lipschitz continuous condition on a set‐valued mapping described by a closure of the convex hull of a set and using D‐type and PD‐type updating laws with initial i...

In this paper, iterative learning control (ILC) is considered to solve the tracking problem of time-varying linear stochastic systems with randomly varying trial lengths. Using the two-dimensional Kalman filtering technique, the authors can establish a recursive framework for designing the learning gain matrix along both time and iteration axes by...

Background and Objectives : Glycemic control with unannounced meals is the major challenge for artificial pancreas. In this study, we described the performance and safety of learning-type model predictive control (L-MPC) for artificial pancreas challenged by an unannounced meal in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods : This closed-loop (CL) system was t...

In this work, a new design framework of adaptive iterative learning control (ILC) approach for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is presented. By making use of the closed-loop reference model which works as an observer, the developed adaptive ILC method is able to be adopted to deal with the output tracking problem of nonlinear systems without...

Learning control is investigated to solve the tracking problem for linear systems via unreliable networks with random data dropouts. By using an encoding-decoding mechanism-based finite-level uniform quantizer, the communication burden is remarkably reduced while retaining a precise tracking performance. An intermittent update principle is adopted...

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. Neuro-modulation becomes a promising way to address it. For an effective modulation, closed-loop mode is necessary but difficult. A control algorithm, which can adjust itself to get desired suppression of epileptic activity, is in great need. In this paper, active disturbance rejection cont...

Multisensor systems are widely applied to realize the comprehensive monitoring and control as they feature multiple individual sensors/outputs. In such systems, different sensors can receive different types of operation signals, such as pressure, temperature, and volume. The desired references for different sensors may conflict in that an input sig...

The nonuniform trial length problem, which causes information dropout in learning, is very common in various control systems such as robotics and motion control systems. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent progress on iterative learning control with randomly varying trial lengths. Related works are reviewed in three dimensions: mod...