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Publications (40)
We use panel data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to document the changing volume and rate of intercounty migration among the poor. We evaluate whether the exchange of migrants between metro and nonmetro counties has exacerbated spatial disparities in poverty and whether some nonmetro counties have become “collecting grounds” for Ame...
Urbanisation and the expansion of US metropolitan regions have blurred the spatial and social boundaries that are typically thought to separate urban from rural America. Our objective is to highlight both the conceptual limitations of the so‐called rural–urban divide, while also recognising the spatial interdependence of America's ‘rural’ and ‘urba...
Throughout much of Europe, new waves of immigration have raised concerns about cultural fragmentation and disunity, interethnic conflict, and growing antipathy toward immigrants. Our goal is to provide evidence of uneven patterns of immigrant population distribution and residential integration, both within and between countries of the European Unio...
This article provides estimates of white residential mobility within and between specific suburban places differentiated by ethnoracial diversity. The authors draw on intrametropolitan mobility data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, linked to social and economic data measured at the metropolitan, place, and block levels. First, analyses show...
The City of Atlanta has seen phenomenal urban expansion, racial re-composition, and migration patterns over decades. In this paper, we try to answer overarching question: Has the economic development and urban sprawl in Atlanta been accompanied by racially diverse neighborhoods? Or has the economic development in Atlanta led to a racially integrate...
The dynamic nature of internal migration flows has altered population redistribution and changed composition in the United States for more than a century. Socioeconomic push and pull factors have influenced people’s migration decisions during various internal migration waves in the United States. The main objective of this paper is to identify how...
The past two decades have ushered in a period of widespread spatial diffusion of Hispanics well beyond traditional metropolitan gateways. This article examines emerging patterns of racial and ethnic residential segregation in new Hispanic destinations over the 1990-2010 period, linking county, place, and block data from the 1990, 2000, and 2010 dec...
• Atlanta is a picture of an incredible urban expansion, racial re-composition, and migration patterns over decades • Atlanta’s experience is an example of how urban growth is intertwined with a complex mix of race, ethnicity, migration and social inequality factors in the United States • A micro level longitudinal study will help to understand how...
The City of Atlanta has seen a phenomenal urban expansion, racial re-composition, and migration patterns over decades. Our paper analyzes how temporal and spatial patterns of racial composition correlated with the economic development and urban sprawl in the Atlanta metropolitan statistical area. We use demographic data from the US Census Bureau, I...
This article documents a new macro-segregation, where the locus of racial differentiation resides increasingly in socio-spatial processes at the community or place level. The goal is to broaden the spatial lens for studying segregation, using decennial Census data on 222 metropolitan areas. Unlike previous neighborhood studies of racial change, we...
This article provides a geographically inclusive empirical framework for studying changing U.S. patterns of Hispanic segregation. Whether Hispanics have joined the American mainstream depends in part on whether they translate upward mobility into residence patterns that mirror the rest of the nation. Based on block and place data from the 1990-2010...
The conventional wisdom is that racial diversity promotes positive race relations and reduces racial residential segregation between blacks and whites. We use data from the 1990-2010 decennial censuses and 2007-2011 ACS to test this so-called "buffering hypothesis. " We identify cities, suburbs, and small towns that are virtually all white, all bla...
The late 2000s Great Recession brought rising neighborhood poverty in the midst of affluence, and the reemergence of a racial and ethnic “underclass” living in inner-city neighborhoods. Our approach redirects attention to a level of geography—cities, suburbs, and small rural towns—where local political and economic decisions effectively exclude the...
The South has recently become a major economic hub and population magnet in the United States. This study examines if the Black Belt, a historically declining region within the South, has experienced a similar renaissance. The study also examines how local factors differentially influence migrants from the Black Belt and migrants from outside the S...
:America's changing color line is perhaps best expressed in shifting patterns of neighborhood residential segregation-the geographic separation of races. This research evaluates black exceptionalism by using the universe of U.S. blocks from the 1990 and 2000 decennial censuses to provide a single geographically inclusive national estimate (Theil's...
This paper provides new estimates of Hispanic–white residential segregation in new destinations and established Hispanic places. New Hispanic destinations are defined broadly to include metropolitan cities, suburban places, and rural communities with unusually rapid Hispanic growth rates. The analysis is framed with the spatial assimilation and pla...
In this study, migration data compiled by the Internal Revenue Serve (IRS) and the US Census Bureau for 2006-07 were used to analyse internal migration patterns using migration and income effectiveness for the counties containing the 25 most populous cities in the United States. The results indicated that both large metropolitan and rural counties...
This paper highlights the importance of community resiliency in understanding how communities will fare after the realignment or closure of a local military facility. Two Mississippi communities, Pascagoula and Meridian, in the early stages of the latest Base Realignment and Closing (BRAC) process, were selected as case studies. A community action...
Placing time limits on benefits was seen by the proponents of the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act as a means to encourage welfare recipients to engage in forward-looking behavior so that they can plan for a life without welfare. Current studies provide mixed findings regarding the effects of time limits on welfa...
Newly-funded initiatives aim to promote marriage among low-income African American women to reduce poverty and welfare dependency. Research indicates that these women have a strong desire to marry, but lack economically secure marriage partners. This research predominantly focuses on urban populations, and little is known about marriage as a strate...
One-half of rural poor are segregated in high-poverty areas, a new policy brief co-published by the Carsey Institute at the University of New Hampshire and Rural Realities. This brief highlights the challenges faced by America's rural poor, particularly as they are physically and socially isolated from middle-class communities that might offer econ...
The objective of this paper is to provide, for the first time, comparative estimates of racial residential segregation of blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans in nonmetropolitan and metropolitan places in 1990 and 2000. Analyses are based on block data from the 1990 and 2000 U.S. decennial censuses. The results reveal a singularly important and...
Abstract This paper examines patterns of annexation, including municipal “underbounding,” in nonmetropolitan towns in the South; that is, whether blacks living adjacent to municipalities are systematically excluded from incorporation. Annexation-or the lack of annexation-can be a political tool used by municipal leaders to exclude disadvantaged or...
The interest in examining patterns of life course events has resulted in the creation of several techniques to gather accurate retrospective data. One of these techniques, the life history calendar, was developed to record and graphically display the interrelatedness of multiple life events. A main advantage of the life history calendar is that it...
Valid, reliable, and, most importantly, timely information is the most critical aspect for the design and implementation of successful emergency management strategies. This goal, however, is rarely achieved during the aftermath of a disaster. In this paper, we showcase how we used administrative records to assist Mississippi in e valuating the o ve...
This paper uses block-group data from the US decennial censuses to document changes in concentrated poverty. It provides several
substantive and methodological lessons. First, the majority of poor sub-county areas were located (and hidden) in low poverty
counties. Second, the 1990s brought large declines in the share of high-poverty (sub-county) ar...
Objective. We ask whether individual and local factors known to influence reliance on welfare continue to be important under the TANF program, and if such factors differentially affect exit from TANF for African Americans and whites.
Methods. We use monthly administrative data on TANF recipients from October 1996 to July 2004 from the Mississippi D...
The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) lists marriage as one of the major strategies for reducing welfare dependency among clients of the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Program along with work requirements and time limits. President George W. Bush has allocated over $240 million to the in...
In this article we examine differences in the spatial distribution of poverty within nonmetro counties in Mississippi, and the extent to which such differences might be related to the probability that a nonmetro county might be classified as persistently poor. This study contributes to the current literature by dividing the low-income population of...
A general argument is how states implement their TANF policy and the extent to which states build partnerships with local communities might affect the chances for low-income families to make a successful welfare-to-work transition. Using data gathered through a key-informant procedure, we find that many low-income families in Mississippi left the T...
In this article, we examine the extent to which variations in local social, economic, and spatial conditions might account for variation in community environmental activeness across 208 communities falling within nonmetropolitan areas in Mississippi. We use GIS technology to identify community boundaries, and use key informant and census data to me...
Abstract A general criticism of the 1996 Welfare Reform Act is that it is primarily the result of an urban political agenda, and it may hurt rather than help the rural poor. Under the new welfare system, the rural poor that are most likely to be affected are those who live in socially, economically, and spatially disadvantaged communities. More res...
This article presents a GIS-based methodology to integrate community into the Environmental Protection Agency's Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources (BASINS). The proposed methodology was used for the identification, measurement, and comparison of community areas within and between the upstream and downstream watersheds...
In the present political environment, there is an interest in developing policies aimed at building capacity for community efficacy: the ability of a local population to come together and act collectively in pursuit of a generalized interest. In this study, we examine the extent to which variation in local conditions might account for variation in...
Objective. In environmental justice research, different-sized units of analysis have generated mixed results, begging the question of what constitutes the most appropriate unit of analysis. Grappling with this question raises both conceptual and methodological issues. In this article, it is argued that, conceptually, community should be the most im...
Abstract,This article examines,the extent to which declines in welfare rolls relate to five major dimensions of community: (1) local demographic composition, (2) local labor market conditions, (3) local civic capacity, (4) local spatial characteristics, and (5) changes in local economic,opportunities. Results based on data from the Mississippi Depa...
In this study, we examine the extent to which structural conditions that favor investment in social capital affect mortality across nonmetro counties in Mississippi. To this end, we focus on four county structural conditions: (1) place of resi- dence within county boundaries, (2) civic infrastructure, (3) eco- nomic conditions, and (4) county regio...
