Dirk Schaefer

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Verified

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• Professor
• Dean at University of Hull

In 2018, 18 Parsant of Great Britain’s residents were aged 65 and above, with 50 Parsant of this demographic failing to adhere to prescribed medications. Medication non-adherence not only jeopardizes patient health but also imposes significant burdens on healthcare systems, such as increased hospitalizations and care costs. In this paper, the poten...

Advancements in material science, manufacturing and sensor technologies, Artificial Intelligence, and the Internet of Things have paved the way for fabricating new parts using additive manufacturing in microgravity conditions. NASA has successfully demonstrated 3D printing onboard the International Space Station (ISS), though at a minor scale. Neve...

The steel sector is a foundation of modern society and is present in many aspects of our lives. The industry has over the last decade been facing increased environmental and climate pressure to lower its carbon footprint while remaining economically competitive. Decarbonizing this sector is challenging but nevertheless key for achieving climate goa...

The complex and dynamic nature of military supply chains (MSC) requires constant vigilance to sense potential vulnerabilities. Several studies have employed decision support models for the optimization of their operations. These models are often limited to a best single-point solution unsuitable for complex MSC constellations. In this article, the...

Industry 4.0 technologies and digitalised processes are essential for implementing smart manufacturing within vertically and horizontally integrated industries. These technologies offer new ways to generate revenue from data-driven services and enable predictive maintenance based on real-time data analytics. Although the fourth industrial revolutio...

The dynamic and complex nature of the military supply chain (MSC) requires effective monitoring of supplies and timely decisions to ensure success in combat operations, particularly in the face of unexpected disruptions such as inclement weather conditions and terrorist attacks. Although, existing technologies such as RFIDs, Next-Generation Wireles...

Manufacturing businesses seek to increase their revenue streams through new business models. In the context of the continuing digitization of the manufacturing sector, new business models based on digital servitization offerings are at the centre of attention. However, due to the inherent complexity involved in devising such offerings and suitable...

Industry 4.0 technologies enable manufacturing companies to efficiently utilise their assets and reach a competitive advantage. These technologies provide new methods of generating revenue from data-driven services and facilitate predictive maintenance through the use of real-time data analytics. Even after more than a decade from the start of the...

Industry 4.0 technologies and digitalised processes are essential for implementing smart manufacturing within vertically and horizontally integrated production environments. These technologies offer new ways to generate revenue from data-driven services and enable predictive maintenance based on real-time data analytics. They also provide autonomou...

The purpose of this study is to systematically identify, assess, and categorise the barriers to digital transformation (DT) in the engineering and construction sectors, and thus to better understand their impact and how they might be overcome. This study adopted a sequential mixed qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis approach....

Social product development (SPD) is defined as a group of “coalescing tools and socio-technologies” represented by several tenants including crowdsourcing, internet-based mass collaboration, open innovation, and cloud-based design and manufacture. Existing examples of SPD have resulted in enhanced collaboration in design teams, shorter lead times,...

The papers in this special section focus on open innovation and social product development. In today’s competitive marketplace, the ability to create new products and introduce innovative enhancements to existing ranges is seen as one of the strongest driving forces responsible for sustained sales of manufactured goods. In recent years, customers h...

About ten years ago, a bold vision with a prospect of largely autonomous factories of the future with digitized processes, data-driven smart applications, and seamlessly integrated supply chains was born and quickly became known as Industry 4.0 or aka the 4th Industrial Revolution. A true game-changer, Industry 4.0 has revolutionized the possibilit...

Blockchain Technology has gained prominence since 2008 with trust, reliability, speed, and transparency becoming major advantages. It has also been applied and researched within a multitude of industry applications ranging from manufacturing to financial transactions through to real estate. In addition to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet o...

Maintenance is defined as the actions that allow machines and equipment to work for an extended period of time by retaining and restoring equipment to its original state. In Industry 4.0 context, Predictive Maintenance (PdM) is a strategy that utilizes digitized sensor data and data analytics to continuously monitor the state of machine components...

As technological advancement is rapidly evolving modern warfare, military supply chains are becoming more dynamic and complex with high vulnerability to unexpected disruptions. To increase their overall resilience against such unexpected disruptions, traditional approaches are no longer sufficient. To date, research on supply chain resilience has m...

Brief introduction and research questionnaire published online in THE MANUFACTURER PR Services: URL: https://pr.themanufacturer.com/industry-4-0-retrofitting-of-legacy-machines-for-smart-manufacturing/

Construction 4.0 represents the exploration of new technologies in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. The development of digital technologies is rapid and the adoption of them significantly impacts construction projects, for example leading to a reduction in change orders, better decision making, and improvements in qual...

Creativity is considered to have a significant impact on the design process and its outcomes, while aesthetics and functionality are considered key characteristics of products. A relationship between creativity, aesthetics and functionality is, therefore, often assumed, however, researchers view the relations between creativity, functionality and a...

Creativity is considered to have a significant impact on the design process and its outcomes, while aesthetics and functionality are considered key characteristics of products. A relationship between creativity, aesthetics and functionality is, therefore, often assumed, however, researchers view the relations between creativity, functionality and a...

This special issue is motivated by the trend of smart factories of the future towards the fourth Industrial Revolution, which makes it possible to better leverage capabilities and resources in a human-cyber-physical production environment. This emerging paradigm of Industry 4.0 poses new systems design problems at the interface of smart manufacturi...

Industry 4.0 is based on the digitization of manufacturing industries and has raised the prospect for substantial improvements in productivity, quality, and customer satisfaction. This digital transformation not only affects the way products are manufactured, but also creates new opportunities for the design of products, processes, services, and sy...

Vertical farming (VF) has been recognised as an important tool for managing future food security, yet economic viability poses a significant hurdle with the vast majority of farms closing within three years. The application of lean principles poses an opportunity to address inefficiencies, such as significant labour expenditure, but existing litera...

Almost a decade ago, the research community embarked on a journey to realize the old vision of Industry 4.0. Part of this vision was to digitize design and manufacturing systems and processes, aimed at advancing their vertical and horizontal integration into decentralized ecosystems across the entire product development value chain. This process wa...

Creativity is an essential element of innovation, but producing creative ideas is often challenging in design. Many computational tools have been developed recently to support designers in producing creative ideas that are new to individuals. As a common feature, most of the tools rely on the databases employed, such as ConceptNet and the US Patent...

In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analys...

In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analys...

In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analys...

Crowdsourcing has been identified as a valuable paradigm in the open design movement. In engineering design, it offers various benefits, such as the generation of diverse ideas and the involvement of consumers. Despite the potential benefits, there are many ways in which crowdsourcing initiatives may fail. An example of such a failure is when a previo...

In this paper, the authors propose a culture-centred tool called Speculative Ethnography to support the practice of design for the speculative future. Most explorations of tools and techniques of design for the speculative future focus on materialising the speculation. Instead, Speculative Ethnography provides a guideline to help designers define t...

Crowdfunding is the process of taking a project in need of investment and asking a large group of people to supply the investment. It allows organisations to sell their product before production, reducing the risk of new product development. Organisations such as Tesla and General Electric have used crowdfunding successfully but crowdfunding is yet...

Conceptual design, as an early phase of the design process, is known to have the highest impact on determining the innovation level of design results. Although many tools exist to support designers in conceptual design, additional knowledge, especially knowledge related to emerging technologies, is still often needed. In this paper the authors aim...

Crowdsourcing has been identified as a valuable paradigm in the open design movement. In engineering design, it offers various benefits, such as the generation of diverse ideas and the involvement of consumers. Despite the potential benefits, there are many ways in which crowdsourcing initiatives may fail. An example of such a failure is when a pre...

Crowdsourcing is an emerging paradigm in engineering design for open innovation. It offers various benefits to crucial aspects of design innovation, such as, generating diverse design ideas, and engaging consumers. However, crowdsourcing initiatives for engineering design are prone to failures if the complex nature of engineering design processes i...

Driven by networked Electronic Health Record systems, Artificial Intelligence, real-time data from wearable devices with an overlay of invisible user interfaces and improved analytics, Health 4.0 is changing the healthcare industry. The focus on collaboration, coherence, and convergence that will make healthcare more predictive and personalised. Fu...

Creativity is often said to play a vital role in the product design process, while functionality and aesthetics are considered key factors of actual products. Functionality refers to the performance of a product, and aesthetics represents the visual and ergonomic appeals of the product. However, there appears to be an elusive relation between creat...

Driven by networked Electronic Health Record systems, Artificial Intelligence, real-time data from wearable devices with an overlay of invisible user interfaces and improved analytics, a revolution is afoot in the healthcare industry. Over the next few years, it is likely to fundamentally change how healthcare is delivered and how the outcomes are...

Innovation is connected with creativity through design, but generating creative ideas is always challenging. In recent years, a number of computational tools have been developed to support designers in creative idea generation. However, these tools often employ existing databases, such as the WordNet, or customized databases containing a limited nu...

Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing refers to a service-oriented networked product development model. It involves digital design and manufacturing processes, such as designing a product using CAD and generating prototypes via additive manufacturing. Unfortunately, designs that look fine on the CAD screen often turn out misshaped on the 3D-printer....

This book provides extensive information on the key technical design disciplines, education programs, international best practices and modes of delivery that are aimed at preparing a trans-disciplinary design workforce for the future. It also presents a comprehensive overview of the scope of, and state of the art in, design education. The book hig...

The advent of digitization and its modern day Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) triggered a paradigm shift in product and product-service-system design across many sectors. Many related developments in the context of Industry 4.0 rely on the use of vast amounts of data. When it comes to managing and handling this data, one of the pri...

Social Product Development (SPD), is a new approach to design that represents a “coalescing group of tools and technologies” described as the “tenants of Social Product Development” [1]. These tenants of SPD include Mass Collaboration, Crowdsourcing, Cloud-Based Design and Manufacture (CBDM) and Open Innovation. The purpose of SPD is to “improve tr...

The use of computer-aided and web-based educational technologies such as Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) has increased significantly in the recent past. One example of such a VLE is Virtual Interactive Engineering on the Web (VIEW). VIEW is a 3D virtual, interactive, student centered, framework of web-based modules based on the Extensible 3D st...

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technology developments in Cloud Manufacturing (CMfg) are challenging traditional business models, and adapting these is key to a sustainable competitive advantage. In parallel, pay-peruse strategies are being discussed as an enabler to future sustainable societies. The general benefits of CMfg services are clear, but to date th...

The global market for smart packaging is expected to reach $26.7bn by 2024. Smart packaging refers to packaging systems with embedded sensor technology used with foods, pharmaceuticals, and many other types of products. It is used to extend shelf life, monitor freshness, display information on quality, and improve product and customer safety. In ad...

The pressure to innovate in the current business climate is exceptionally high. Competitive advantage through incremental improvement alone is no longer possible and organisations must consider new and disruptive approaches to product development in order to enhance their market position. One approach that offers the opportunity for innovation in t...

Cloud manufacturing is defined as a resource sharing paradigm that provides on-demand access to a pool of manufacturing resources and capabilities aimed at utilising geographically dispersed manufacturing resources in a service-oriented manner. These services are deployed via the Industrial Internet of Things and its underlying IT infrastructure, a...

Manufacturing is undergoing a period of intense change as a result of advanced smart technologies, such as real-time sensors and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). This has paved the way for a new era of digitized manufacturing known as Industry 4.0. It is anticipated that Industry 4.0 will be disruptive enough to present both new opportunit...

Since 2011, the manufacturing sector has been subject to a paradigm shift referred to as Industry 4.0, or the 4 th Industrial Revolution. Industry 4.0 is concerned with cyber-physical systems for production engineering that enable the interconnected smart factories of the future. Its associated emerging technologies will bring along significant cha...

Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing is a service-oriented networked product development model in which service consumers are enabled to configure, select and utilize customized product realization services ranging from computer-aided engineering software to reconfigurable manufacturing systems. So far, this paradigm has mainly been tested for digi...

With increasing globalization and 21st century trends such as the personalization and commoditization of technology, product design has become a level playing field for both engineering professionals and members of the maker’s communities. Terms associated with this shift in the industry include crowdsourcing, cloud-based design and manufacture, ma...

Crowdfunding is defined as the process of taking a project or business, in need of investment, and asking a large group of people to supply this investment. This phenomena has exponentially increased in popularity over the last few years and, as a consequence, is now presented as a viable method of funding for designers. Regardless of its new-found...

A transformative event known as Industry 4.0 is occurring where countless elements comprising industrial systems are being interfaced with internet communication technologies to form the smart factories and manufacturing organizations of the future. Industry 4.0 and its associated technologies, such as cloud-based design and manufacturing systems a...

A new revolution known as Industry 4.0 is occurring where countless elements comprising industrial systems are being interfaced with internet communication technologies to form the smart factories and manufacturing organizations of the future. Industry 4.0 and its associated technologies are currently being driven by disruptive innovation that prom...

Traditional cybersecurity architectures incorporate security mechanisms that provide services such as confidentiality, authenticity, integrity, access control, and non-repudiation. These mechanisms are used extensively to prevent computer and network intrusions and attacks. For instance, access control services prevent unauthorized access to cyber...

Many of the world's leading industrial nations have invested in national initiatives to foster advanced manufacturing, innovation, and design for the globalized world. Much of this investment has been driven by visions such as Industry 4.0, striving to achieve a future where intelligent factories and smart manufacturing are the norm. Within this re...

The emerging cloud paradigm has a prominent effect on manufacturing. The move from hardware bound systems to requirements based service provision is enabling the transition to cloud manufacturing. A networked manufacturing service provision system requires vast amounts of information to be exchanged in a non-ambiguous and timely manner to meet prod...

For a number of years, an increase in manufacturing-related service activities being provided by third parties rather than " in-house " departments has been observed. This trend appears to be strengthening in the context of the Industry 4.0 landscape. The purpose of this paper is to investigate in what sense and at what rate the domain of manufactu...

In recent years, industrial nations around the globe have invested heavily in new technologies, software, and services to advance digital design and engineering analysis using the digital thread, data analytics, and high performance computing. Many of these initiatives such as Cloud-Based Design and Engineering analysis (CBDEA) fall under the umbre...

In recent years, industrial nations around the globe have invested heavily in new technologies, software, and services to advance digital design and manufacturing using cyber-physical systems, data analytics, and high performance computing. Many of these initiatives, such as cloud-based design and manufacturing, fall under the umbrella of what has...

Scope A transformative event known as Industry 4.0 is occurring where countless elements comprising industrial systems are being interfaced with internet communication technologies to form the smart factories and manufacturing organizations of the future. Industry 4.0 and its associated technologies, such as cloud-based design and manufacturing sys...

Social media have recently been introduced into the arena of collaborative design as a new means for seamlessly gathering, processing, and sharing product design-related information. As engineering design processes are becoming increasingly distributed and collaborative, it is crucial to understand the communication and collaboration mechanism of e...

The EcoMapper is an autonomous underwater vehicle that has broad applications, such as water quality monitoring and bathymetric survey. To simulate its dynamics and to precisely control it, a dynamic model is needed. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model of the EcoMapper based on computational-fluid-dynamics calculations, strip theory, and...

Cloud-based manufacturing (CBM) has recently been proposed as an emerging manufacturing paradigm that may potentially change the way manufacturing services are provided and accessed. In the context of CBM, companies may opt to crowd-source part of their manufacturing tasks that are beyond their existing in-house manufacturing capacity to third-part...

Cloud-based design manufacturing (CBDM) refers to a service-oriented networked product development model in which service consumers are enabled to configure, select, and utilize customized product realization resources and services ranging from computer-aided engineering software to reconfigurable manufacturing systems. An ongoing debate on CBDM in...

Cloud-based manufacturing (CBM), also referred to as cloud manufacturing, is a form of decentralized and networked manufacturing evolving from other relevant manufacturing systems such as web- and agent-based manufacturing. An ongoing debate on CBM in the research community revolves around several aspects such as definitions, key characteristics, c...

This book provides a broad overview of a number of game-changing paradigms that are anticipated to reshape 21st century product development. Topics including cloud computing-based design, cloud manufacturing, crowd-sourcing and mass collaboration, open source and social product development will be discussed in the context of advanced distributed an...

The book introduces the reader to game-changing ways of building and utilizing Internet-based services related to design and manufacture activities through the cloud. In a broader sense, CBDM refers to a new product realization model that enables collective open innovation and rapid product development with minimum costs through social networking a...

The information technology industry has benefited considerably from cloud computing, which allows organizations to shed some of their expensive information technology infrastructure and shifts computing costs to more manageable operational expenses. In light of these benefits, we propose a new paradigm for product design and manufacturing, referred...

Social Product Development is a relatively new concept in the world of product development. While the word means different things to different people, it can generally be described as the use of social computing technologies, tools, and media, influencing the product life cycle at any stage through the use of a defined and qualified crowd with the...

Cloud-based manufacturing (CBM), also referred to as cloud manufacturing, has the potential to allow manufacturing enterprises to be rapidly scaled up and down by crowdsourcing manufacturing tasks or sub-tasks. To improve the efficiency of the crowdsourcing process, the material flow of CBM systems needs to be managed so that several manufacturing...

Cloud-based manufacturing (CBM), also referred to as cloud manufacturing, has the potential to allow manufacturing enterprises to be rapidly scaled up and down by crowdsourcing manufacturing tasks or sub-tasks. To improve the efficiency of the crowdsourcing process, the material flow of CBM systems needs to be managed so that several manufacturing...

With increasing globalization and 21st century trends such as the personalization and commoditization of technology, individuals are required to refresh and adapt their competencies continuously and keep their knowledge current. The changing environment and the diverse learning needs of individuals require a change in the existing paradigm of engin...

A Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing (CBDM) System refers to an information and communication technology (ICT) system that facilitates design and manufacturing knowledge sharing between actors (e.g., CBDM service providers and consumers) in the distributed and collaborative socio-technical network. The aim of this study is to address the challeng...

The rise of cloud computing is radically changing the way enterprises manage their information technology assets. Considering the benefits of cloud computing to the information technology sector, we present a review of current research initiatives and applications of the cloud computing paradigm related to product design and manufacturing. In parti...

With increasing globalization and twenty-fi rst-century trends such as the personalization and commoditization of technology, individuals are required to refresh and adapt their competencies continuously and keep their knowledge current. The changing environment and the diverse learning needs of individuals require a change in the existing paradigm...