Dilshad Manzar

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Verified

Dilshad verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• PhD Health Science
• Professor (Associate) at Majmaah University

Vitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency poses a significant global health concern, especially prevalent in developing nations. This retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted at King Khaled Hospital in Majmaah, aimed to investigate the prevalence and trends of vitamin D deficiency among 22,335 individuals from the Saudi population from 2017 to 2021. The...

Background Perceived stress and vulnerability to develop insomnia are closely linked, with negative mood affect playing a key role. Shift workers, particularly student pharmacists juggling academic demands and irregular work schedules, are at heightened risk for stress-related sleep disturbances. While previous studies have explored their direct re...

Shift work is prevalent among healthcare professionals and associated with significant health risks, including stress, sleep disturbances, and mood disorders. Despite known sex differences in stress responses, their impact on shift workers, particularly student pharmacists, is understudied. The objective of this study was to explore sex-specific di...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and characteristics of rapid eye movement-related obstructive sleep apnea (REMrOSA) in the general Saudi Arabian population, contributing novel data to the field and providing insights into this specific OSA phenotype. METHODS We analyzed data from a previously described Saudi population study...

BACKGROUND: People with Parkinson’s disease presents with both motor and non-motor symptoms. Tele rehabilitation (TR) is effective to maintain and improve different functional activities in people with neurological disorders. Virtual reality (VR) based rehabilitation involves training movement and activities in a virtual setting. OBJECTIVE: To syst...

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), significantly impacts public health, with varying prevalence rates across populations. Positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) is a subtype in which OSA predominantly occurs in the supine position. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of exclusive POSA (e-POSA) in a representative Saud...

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic has had a significant influence on the general population’s and students’ sleep quality and mental health. However, few studies have looked into sleep, perceived changes in everyday living, and mental health issues among Saudi medical students during the pandemic. Objectives: The objectiv...

Background: This review aimed to explore the effect of mirror therapy (MT) on upper limb function in children and adolescents with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP). Methods: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Scopus, PEDro, and Web of Science were systematically searched. PEDro scale was used for the quality assessment of included trials. Risk of Bias assessment was...

Purpose Cheating Behavior are spreading among nursing students worldwide, necessitating the development of a validated questionnaire evaluating the reasons for such Behavior. Methods Nursing students (N = 482) from two universities in Saudi Arabia participated in this observational study. A survey containing items on socio-demographics and the 33-i...

Objectives: Healthcare professionals working in tertiary care hospitals are often exposed to conditions that can negatively affect their sleep quality. However, studies of sleep quality among tertiary healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia have not been published. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess sleep quality among physicians and nur...

Background: Understanding post-stroke fatigue (PSF) and its associated factors is crucial for effective therapy and rehabilitation. This study aimed to assess the mediating role of the excessive daytime sleepiness-related functional status (SFS) on the relationship between sleep and the severity of fatigue in subacute stroke survivors. Methods: Sub...

Objective: To evaluate the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen levels and to assess the effect of short-term therapy using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Methods: A prospective, open-label, controlled trial was conducted among clinically referred patients at risk fo...

Background Complex training is found effective in improving physical performance in various sports. There is a pau-city of research evidence comparing the efficacy of complex vs. plyometric training in cricket players. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of complex and plyometric training on physical performance parameters in cricket players. M...

Introduction: As the prevalence of ASD (autism spectrum disorder) continues to rise, so does the need to evaluate the impact of associated difficulties on both the diagnosed child and the immediate family. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess reports of sleep disturbance or abnormal sleep behaviours (sleep profiles) in the siblin...

The fear of re-injury may persist after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) in professional soccer players (PSPs) even after a successful return to sport (RTS). This study aimed to determine the extent of this fear of re-injury and the impact of demographic variables and this fear of re-injury on the lower extremity functional sc...

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients are at high risk of dyslipidemia, which in turn is associated with macrovascular diseases, such as heart diseases and stroke, and microvascular diseases, such as neuropathy and nephropathy. There are contradictory findings in the literature regarding the relationship between glycated hemoglobin...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and the anti-retroviral therapy (ART) associated complications necessitate that the medical care system keeps evolving for proper management of this group of patients. Electrolyte imbalance and sleep problems are common in patients on ART. Both of these conditions are associated with increased morbidity...

The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) is a widely used self-report measure to evaluate insomnia symptoms based on the International Classification of Diseases criteria version 10 (ICD-10). Despite its extensive use in clinical and research settings, the reliability of the AIS has not been systematically investigated. This systematic review reports a reli...

Purpose: Insomnia-related affective functional disorder may negatively affect social cognition such as empathy, altruism, and attitude toward providing care. No previous studies have ever investigated the mediating role of attention deficit in the relationship between insomnia and social cognition. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out...

Although several studies have been conducted in Bangladesh regarding sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, none have utilized a large nationwide sample or presented their findings based on nationwide geographical distribution. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the total sleep duration, night-time sleep, and daily naptime...

PurposeAmong the commonly encountered symptoms of autism are sleep disorders, which exist for reasons that are not only linked to the disorder but also, have a bidirectional relationship with the condition. Thus, autism promotes sleep disorders, but once established, the altered sleep patterns worsen both the core features of the disease as well as...

Purpose: Among the commonly encountered symptoms of autism are sleep disorders, which exist for reasons that are not only linked to the disorder but also, have a bidirectional relationship with the condition. Thus, autism promotes sleep disorders, but once established, the altered sleep patterns worsen both the core features of the disease as well...

The COVID-19 outbreak is associated with sleep problems and mental health issues among individuals. Therefore, there is a need to assess sleep efficiency during this tough period. Unfortunately, the commonly used instrument on insomnia severity—the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)—has never been translated and validated among Bangladeshis. Additionall...

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and their association with smartphone addiction and smartphone usage among university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 313 university students aged 18 years and older who owned a smartphone and used it during...

Background: Combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with other therapies is reported to produce promising results in patients with stroke. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of combining tDCS with motor imagery (MI) and upper-limb functional training for upper-limb rehabilitation among patients with chronic strok...

Introduction In Saudi Arabia, the epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is not well studied and is marked by inconsistencies in clinical diagnosis. Therefore, in this study, we explored the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and diagnostic validity of a prediction score based upon disease markers in orthropedic clinics’ patients in the Madin...

Cancer incidence is relatively low in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), however, prognosis is expected to be poor in comparison with high-income countries. Comprehensive evidence is limited on the survival pattern of colorectal cancer patients in the region. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the pattern of colorectal cancer...

Maladaptive metacognitive thoughts about sleep often precede incidences of sleep disturbances. While the relationship between sleep disturbances and khat dependence is known, no research has examined the function of metacognition as a potential mediator between khat dependency and sleep problems in polysubstance users. This study used a brief struc...

Purpose Poor sleep and cognitive deficits are often associated with increased drug use. However, no study has addressed the relationship between poor sleep, substance dependence, and metacognitive deficit in polysubstance users. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with a simple random sampling involving community-dwelling polysubstance users...

Purpose: Poor sleep and cognitive deficits are often associated with increased drug use. However, no study has addressed the relationship between poor sleep, substance dependence, and metacognitive deficit in polysubstance users. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a simple random sampling involving community-dwelling polysubstance users...

Purpose Few studies have investigated the validity of the Athens insomnia scale (AIS) using a robust approach of both classical theory and the rating scale model. Therefore, in this study, we investigated psychometric validation of the AIS using both of these approaches in nurses. Methods Nurses (n= 563, age= 33.2±7.1 years) working in health faci...

Validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) has been mostly studied in North America and Europe. We investigated the psychometric validation of the Arabic version of the PAQ-C in students in Saudi Arabia. The students (n=327, age=8–14 years) of six primary schools in the Majmaah region participated in the study. Parti...

Purpose: Poor sleep and cognitive deficits are often associated with drug use. However, no study has addressed the relationship between poor sleep, substance dependence, and metacognitive deficit in polysubstance users. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a simple random sampling involving community-dwelling polysubstance users (n=326,...

Some research suggests that distress, secondary to isolation and fear following COVID-19 infection, can negatively affect the long-term more than the COVID-19 infection itself. This narrative review aims to provide a global view on the neuropsychiatric consequences of COVID-19 that can be ascribed to several factors, ranging from the direct effect...

Background: Implications from accumulated bodies of commentaries and media/social-media reports highlight the drug shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this special report, the relation between drug shortage and response measures is discussed in the light of a preliminary data construct. Materials and Methods: Media reports and social media p...

OBJECTIVE: Sleep problems during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic commonly affected general populations. Data on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Thus, the aim of our study was to evaluate sleep quality and assess the psychological burden of the pandemic in COVID-19 patients and the ge...

Research suggests that distress secondary to the isolation and fear associated with COVID-19 infection can have more negative effects than the COVID-19 infection itself. This narrative review provides a global view of neuropsychiatric consequences. Several factors are responsible, ranging from the direct effects of infection, to the body’s response...

Some research suggested that distress secondary to isolation and fear can negatively affect the long-term than COVID-19 infection itself. This narrative review aims to provide a global view on the neuropsychiatric consequences of COVID-19 that can be ascribed to several factors ranging from the direct effect of infection to the body's responses aga...

Aim: to assess the impact of e-learning through different e-resources among health sciences students. Methodology: A cross-sectional design was conducted among health science students (n = 211; 134 female and 77 male) at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. The data was collected using a previously used structured questionnaire to assess the impa...

Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate res...

Aims: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of melatonin and L-thyroxine (T4) on the expression of various receptors, and some metabolic, reproductive, and gonadotropic hormones in letrozole-induced PCOS rats. Material and Methods: Assessment of gravimetric, hormonal profile and thyroid histology and relative expression...

Background: Dysfunctions of metacognitive aspects of metamemory and metaconcentration are common in substance use. No questionnaire tool has been validated among substance users to assess these metacognitive abilities. Therefore, this study investigated the psychometric properties of a brief metamemory and metaconcentration scale (BMMS) in adults w...

Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate res...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported increased levels of inflammatory mediators in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but their relation with the severity of OSA is controversial. OBJECTIVE: To address potential relationships between OSA-related inflammatory markers, namely, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necr...

The factor structure of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) is discussed, with examples being drawn from about 13 disparate reported models. A systematic appraisal of procedural details of studies investigating the dimensionality of the ISI was performed. The databases CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, and PsycINFO were searched thoroughly,...

Objective – There are diverse results on the association between physical activity and sleep. So this study investigated the association of level and type of physical activity with short-term insomnia among college students. Methods - A cross-sectional study was conducted among college students in India. The sample was 662 students with 359 males...

Substance abuse is a major concern worldwide and is increasing rapidly in Bangladesh. However, there are no prior studies concerning lifestyle-related factors that influence adolescents’ substance use behavior. Therefore, the present study investigated the prevalence of substance use and its associated sociodemographic and lifestyle-related risk fa...

Background: Anxiety symptoms, stress, poor sleep, and inadequate sleep hygiene are common in university students and these affect their learning and increase attrition. However, limited knowledge exists about the inter-relationship between these factors among university students in low-middle income countries. Therefore, this study aimed to investi...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported increased levels of inflammatory mediators in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but their relation with the severity of OSA is controversial. OBJECTIVE: To address potential relationships between OSA‑related inflammatory markers, namely, C‑reactive protein (CRP), interleukin‑6 (IL‑6), tumor nec...

Background: Depression and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are often co-morbid mental health issues in older adults. The current study explored the prospective mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between depression and the quality of life in elderly with MCI. A second aim was to examine differences in depression, loneliness, and the qu...

PurposeTo evaluate the association of recently diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with TNF-α and IL-6 and to measure the effect of short-term continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on these markers.MethodsA prospective, open-label, controlled trial was conducted among patients referred for diagnostic polysomnography (PSG). After PS...

Social distancing, also referred to as physical distancing, means creating a safe distance of at least two metres (six feet) between yourself and others. This is a term popularized during the COVID-19 pandemic, as it is one of the most important measures to prevent the spread of this virus. However, the term “social distancing” can be misleading, a...

Problem Suicide incidences among adolescents and youths during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) lockdowns have been reported across the world. However, no studies have been carried out to investigate cumulative nature, patterns, and causative factors of such suicide incidences. Methods A purposive sampling of Google news between 15 February...

Valid and reliable measurement of an individual’s knowledge and risk perception is pivotal to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The recently developed Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) knowledge and risk questionnaire is shown to be valid in England. I...

Abstract Background: Prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors in Ethiopians necessitates the availability of a valid questionnaire tool to screen this disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the factor structure, its stability, and psychometric measures of the GAD-7 scale in Ethiopian university students. Methods: A cross-sectional...

Background and objective People with substance use disorder (SUD) may be easily vulnerable to COVID-19. Given that impaired lung function caused by COVID-19 may exacerbate the symptoms of patients already having preexisting opioids or CNS stimulants use disorder. This narrative review highlights the risks of interactions between COVID-19 and SUD....

Background Few studies have investigated the psychometric validation of the General Anxiety Disorders-7 Scale (GAD-7) using appropriate data assumptions. This study examined the reliability, factorial validity, divergent validity, and item analysis of the GAD-7 using categorical data methods in a sample of Ethiopian young adults. Methods A sample...

In this paper, a recent unsupervised segmentation algorithm based on computation of 2-dimensional (2D) local center of mass (LCM) technique is used to segment X-ray images of Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) of various stages. Clinically, KOA is classified into four grades ranging from 1 to 4 based on the degradation of ligament in between the two bones f...

Background: Insomnia is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders worldwide. Insomnia evaluation needs a comprehensive examination of patients' sleep-related symptoms, history of medical conditions, and psychiatric health. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between insomnia, related complaints with anxiety, chronic diseases, and sleep hygiene in col...

Background High perceived stress and anxiety disorders are usually comorbid with each other, with stress often sequentially preceding the development of anxiety. While prior findings showed a causal role of sleep problems in anxiety, no study has assessed the role of insomnia as a mediator in the relationship between stress and anxiety. Methods A...

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health priority in Latin America. While the burden of HIV is historically concentrated in urban areas and high-risk groups, subnational estimates that cover multiple countries and years are missing. This paucity is partially due to incomplete vital registration (VR) systems and statis...

Background and Aims: - The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, and there is growing appreciation for the impact of limited physical activity on the disease. This study aimed to determine whether the current research on DM in Ethiopia has sufficiently identified and focused on the importance of limited physical activity acco...

Background Various sleep disorders are reported to be frequent in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders and their correlates among hemodialysis patients.MethodologyThis cross-sectional study included 200 recruited ESRD patients on hemodialysis, who were assessed for sle...

Purpose: Over the past 75 years, sleep quality has been decreasing. Furthermore, when it comes to susceptibility to sleep disturbances, university students are among the more susceptible groups. The university campus environment can be an unhealthy and unhygienic for maintaining good sleep status in Bangladesh, but there are few studies that have a...

Background There is a gradual increase in the prevalence of stress during professional courses. Previous studies reported a high incidence of stress among university students. The psychometric properties of the perceived stress scale-10 (PSS-10) have been established in different populations. The current study aimed to assess psychometric propertie...

Background Modern antiretroviral therapy has extended the life expectancies of people living with HIV; however, the prevention and treatment of their associated neurocognitive decline have remained a challenge. Consequently, it is desirable to investigate the prevalence and predictors of neurocognitive impairment to help in targeted screening and d...

BACKGROUND: The STOP-BANG is an easily administrable questionnaire for the screening of obstructive sleep apnea in adults, which may be adapted for use by young people. Here, we assessed the psychometric properties of the STOP-BN, a shortened version of the STOP-BANG questionnaire, using categorical data methods. METHODS: Four hundred and three you...

Background: The wide scope and spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) could lead to a true mental health disaster, especially in countries with high caseloads. Very few studies have assessed the impact on hospital staff. This study aimed to assess mental health changes in health-care workers (Northern Area Armed Forces Hospital-Kingdom of Sa...

The implementation of lockdown as a method of community containment is complex and affects several aspects of daily living. There is an urgent need for guidelines for lockdowns and community containment. This opinion presents five broad areas of concern affecting community containment strategies. This sounding board may help in the development of a...

Background: the wide scope and spread of COVID-19 could lead to a true mental health disaster, especially in countries with high caseloads, very few studies have assessed the impact on hospital staff. This study aimed to assess mental health changes in healthcare workers. (NAAFH-KSA). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A survey questionnaire...

Objective: Poor sleep quality and unhealthy sleep hygiene practices are often correlated and co-existing. However, there is no single validated tool to assess both sleep quality and sleep hygiene practices. Therefore, this study presents psychometric validation findings of an instrument developed to assess both sleep quality and sleep hygiene pract...

Background: The incidences of COVID-19 related suicide among adolescents and youths have been reported across the world. There is no cumulative study focusing on nature, patterns, and causative factors that lead to the present investigation. Methods: A purposive sampling of google news between 15 February to 6 July was performed. After excluding du...

Background: The global suicide occurrences have been aggravated because of COVID-19 crisis-related issues such as fear of infection, the financial crisis, being infected with COVID-19, loneliness, social boycott, etc. Although two studies reported about the seven dyadic suicidality cases (i.e., suicide pacts), child homicide-suicide has not been st...

Objective There is a paucity of research evidence available regarding the impact of anxiety and sleep hygiene on insomnia and related sleep complaints among collegiate students in lower-income countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate if insomnia and insomnia-related sleep complaints are associated with anxiety, age, and sleep hygiene...

Birthweight continues to be the leading infant health indicator and the main focus of infant health policy. Low birthweight babies are at a higher risk of mortality and morbidity in most low-income countries. However, the physical activity level of pregnant women and its association with low birthweight is not well studied in Ethiopia. To address t...

Objectives: To analyze the fit of different competing factor models (a one-factor model, 3 2-factor models, and 2 4-factor models) of the Leeds sleep evaluation questionnaire (LSEQ) in the data from a Jordanian student population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on university students, with 2 sleep-related tools - the LSEQ and the...

Background Various screening tools have been designed and developed to identify individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The current study aimed to assess the psychometric validation of the GAD-7 in Saudi university male students. Methods Healthy university male students (n= 192) participated in this cross-sectional study. All the part...

Background:Metacognitive impairments in nurses including deficits of metamemory and metaconcentration may negatively affect the quality of health care. However, no brief and easily administrable tool to assess metacognitive aspects in health professionals is available. Aim: To evaluate the psychometric validation of the Metamemory and metaconcentra...