Diego Jaén Carrillo

Verified

Diego verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

Learn more

Verified

Diego verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

Learn more

• PhD
• PostDoc Position at University of Innsbruck

Trail running is an exponentially growing sport whose particular characteristics mean that athletes must adapt their running biomechanics, thus generating different physiological demands. A useful key to monitor the performance of this athletes is critical power (CP). This study aims to analyze the effects of two distinct running surfaces (i.e., at...

Introduction: The dual career initiative aims to harmonize sports and academic life, enabling athletes to obtain a quality university education without compromising their athletic performance. As part of the EduSport Project, an e-learning platform based on Moodle has been developed to enhance interaction between student-athletes, sport tutors, and...

Purpose : Pacing is crucial in endurance sports such as running, and its importance is also prominent in trail running due to the unique challenges, including high elevation gains and varied terrain. This study aimed to explore the pacing strategies of elite athletes during the 2023 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships for the Trail Short...

Introduction The maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the exercise intensity that provokes MFO (FATMAX) are inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy young sedentary adults. However, how both cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level and sex influence MFO during exercise and the FATMAX is seldom analyzed. Objectives This study is ai...

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5252722

Background: Unlike road running, mountain and trail running typically cover longer distances and include uphill and downhill segments that impose unique physiological and mechanical demands on athletes. Objectives: This study aimed to identify morphological differences in the patellar and Achilles tendons between trail and road runners. Moreover, t...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the training characteristics of a Spanish high-level female ultrarunner in her preparation to the 2023 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships using a reverse linear periodization model. INTRODUCTION: Traditionally, linear periodization has been widely applied to endurance training programs,...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the training characteristics of a Spanish high-level female ultrarunner in her preparation to the 2023 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships using a reverse linear periodization model. INTRODUCTION: Traditionally, linear periodization has been widely applied to endurance training programs,...

Featured Application The additional weight carried in a vest during trail running affects performance and physiological milestones unevenly. Running power appears to be more stable than speed for monitoring training load, particularly at velocities below the second ventilatory threshold. Abstract Background: The biomechanical and physiological ada...

The development of inertial measurement units (IMUs) has opened up possibilities to test kinematics of sports movements in natural environments (Di Paolo et al., 2023). This advantage over lab-based optical motion capture (OMC) comes at the cost of inherent inaccuracies. Especially, fast multidirectional movements including de- and accelerations po...

Introduction and Purpose Traditionally, linear periodization has been widely applied to endurance training programs, whereas reverse periodization has been often used for shorter endurance events (Clemente-Suárez et al., 2015; Clemente-Suárez et al., 2018; Clemente-Suárez & Ramos-Campo, 2019) and fitness (Prestes et al., 2009). The aim of this stud...

Introduction & Purpose “Running technique is an important component of running economy and performance” (Folland et al., 2017). While economy and performance can directly be measured, no common measuring method exists for running technique. The aims of this study were twofold: (I) develop practice-informed running technique measures based on techni...

Sport biomechanics and training have traditionally been tested under laboratory conditions, requiring specific settings and expensive equipment [...]

Introduction To optimize performance, testing and monitoring are vital for coaches and athletes to understand training adaptations. The critical power (CP) metric, highlighting the highest intensity for maintaining metabolic balance and the excess work capacity (W'), stands out for its ease of use through non-invasive methods. Despite its growing p...

Request for clarification

Background Concurrent training (CT) is a common method used in health-oriented training programs. However, its design needs to be explored in order to inform practitioners about the most effective methods to improve different health-related markers (e.g., maximal fat oxidation [MFO]). Thus, this study aims to determine the order effect of an 8 week...

Background: Within the exploration of human gait, key focal points include the examination of functional rockers and the influential role of tendon behavior in the intricate stretch-shortening cycle. To date, the possible relationship between these two fundamental factors in the analysis of human gait has not been studied. Therefore, this study aim...

Purpose: The interplay of biomechanical and neuromuscular aspects aids in the conversion of power production in running performance, and when combined with metabolic factors, these aspects may lead to improved running economy (RE). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the association between the Stryd Power Meter foot pod metrics wi...

This review aims to synthesize and discuss the potential effects of a stack height modification on the function of the different footwear features and their effects on running performance. Peer-reviewed studies were identified from electronic databases using a structured keyword search and a screening process. Complementary sources were used to ill...

Objectives Tendons play a crucial role allowing the storage and release of mechanical energy during the running cycle. Running kinematics, including duty factor, constitute a basic element of the runner's biomechanics, and can determine their performance. This study aimed to analyze the link between Achilles tendon and plantar fascia morphology and...

The aims of this study were (i) to estimate the functional threshold power (FTP) and critical power (CP) from single shorter time trials (TTs) (i.e., 10, 20 and 30 minutes) and (ii) to assess their location in the power-duration curve. Fifteen highly trained athletes randomly performed ten TTs (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 60 minutes). F...

Participants in trail running races must carry their equipment throughout the race. This additional load modifies running biomechanics. Novel running powermeters allow further analyses of key running metrics. This study aims to determine the acute effects of running with extra weights on running power generation and running kinematics at submaximal...

Background: The gait cycle is generally divided into stance phase and swing phase. The stance phase can also be divided into three functional rockers, each with a distinct fulcrum. It has been shown that walking speed (WS) influences both stance and swing phase but its influence on the functional foot rockers duration is unknown. The aim of the stu...

Markerless motion capture systems (MCS) have been developed as an alternative solution to overcome the limitations of 3D MCS as they provide a more practical and efficient setup process given, among other factors, the lack of sensors attached to the body. However, this might affect the accuracy of the measures recorded. Thus, this study is aimed at...

Functional Threshold Power Determination from Shorter Trials and Relationship with Critical Power

The gait cycle can be divided into four functional rocker units. Although the widespread use of the OptoGait (OG) system and the Freemed (FM) platform, their accuracy has not been tested. An observational study was completed with eighteen healthy volunteers to determine the accuracy of OG and FM for overground walking gait analysis. The pairwise co...

Purpose: This study aimed to examine motor performance and somatosensory processing of unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) children in both the less-affected hand and the more-affected hand. This study is also aimed at analysing the somatosensory proccessing in the more-affected hand in relation to age and damaged hemisphere. Materials and methods: Fo...

Background The advent of power meters for running has raised the interest of athletes and coaches in new ways of assessing changes in running performance. The aim of this study is to determine the changes in power-related variables during and after a strenuous endurance running time trial. Methods Twenty-one healthy male endurance runners, with a...

This study aimed to determine the effect of the intra-session exercise sequence of a concurrent training programme on the components of health-related physical fitness. Twenty-four healthy young adults were allocated into two different groups differing only in the exercise order to conduct an 8-week intra-session concurrent training programme consi...

Although the role of connective tissue in running injuries and biomechanics has been widely investigated, systematic reviews on this issue were rarely reported. The aim of this study is to systematically review the current literature regarding the morphological characteristics (i.e., cross-sectional area and thickness) of the main connective tissu...

Several studies have already analysed power output in running or the relation between VO2max and power production as factors related to running economy; however, there are no studies assessing the difference in power output between shod and barefoot running. This study aims to identify the effect of footwear on the power output endurance runner. Fo...

The use of markerless motion capture systems is becoming more popular for walking and running analysis given their user-friendliness and their time efficiency but in some cases their validity is uncertain. Here, the test-retest reliability of the MotionMetrix software combined with the use of Kinect sensors is tested with 24 healthy volunteers for...

Purpose This study aimed to determine the reliability of the RunScribe™ system to measure kinematic variables of the pelvis during walking and running. Methods In this study, a treadmill protocol was implemented where the participants (n=23) completed 3 sets of 1 minute at 5, 10 and 15 km.h-1. Results All the recorded measurements during walking re...

Background The aim of this study was to analyse the physical demands and technical-tactical actions for each playing position according to game location and final outcome in professional soccer players. Methods A convenience sample was obtained from twenty-one professional male soccer players, belonged to same soccer team of the Spanish Second Div...

This study aimed to determine the influence of footwear condition, foot-strike pattern and step frequency on running spatiotemporal parameters and lower-body stiffness during treadmill running. Thirty-one amateur endurance runners performed a two-session protocol (shod and barefoot). Each session consisted of two trials at 12 km · h −1 over 5 minut...

Introduction Work-related musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is a highly prevalent condition and one of the main contributors to disability and loss of work capacity. Current approaches to the management and prevention of work-related MSK pain do not consistently integrate current evidence-based knowledge and seem to be outdated. The Prevent4Work (P4W) Pro...

Background: The lower limb behaves like a spring compressing and decompressing during running, where lower-limb stiffness is one of the most influential factors. This prospective observational study is aimed at examining the relationship between the connective tissue morphology and lower-limb stiffness and investigating whether the barefoot/shod c...

Background: Musculotendinous reactive strength is a key factor for the utilization of elastic energy in sporting activities such as running. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between musculotendinous reactive strength and lower-limb stiffness during running as well as to identify age-related differences in both variables. Methods: Fifty-nine a...

Analysis of changes in muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) in sport settings has become common due to its precise, continuous and non-invasive ability to provide measurements of a particular muscle using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Therefore, this study aims to determine level of agreement between two affordable NIRS-based oximeter wearable syst...

This study aimed to determine the influence of arch stiffness on running spatiotemporal parameters at a common speed for a wide range of endurance runners (i.e., 12 km.h −1). In total, 97 runners, 52 men and 45 women, completed a treadmill running protocol at 12 km.h −1. Spatiotem-poral parameters were measured using the OptoGait system, and foot s...

he influence of the morphologic characteristics of connective tissue, which plays an essential role during sports activities, on sporting tasks needs further research given the controversial findings reported in the literature. This study aimed at examining the relationship between lower limb connective tissue morphology and drop jump reactivity an...

Wearable technology has allowed for the real-time assessment of mechanical work employed in several sporting activities. Through novel power metrics, Functional Threshold Power have shown a reliable indicator of training intensities. This study aims to determine the relationship between mean power output (MPO) values obtained during three submaxima...

The advent of portable power meters has revolutionized training in cycling, allowing an accurate field-based assessment of athletes. In a similar way, researchers have recently developed low-cost gait analysis equipment to assess running power in a more natural environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the absolute reliability of two d...

The aim of this study was twofold: (i) to analyze the physical demands in the return to play (RTP) process of high-level soccer players in the role of floater in different soccer sided games (SGs) formats (i.e., 4vs4 + 2 and 8vs8 + 1); and (ii) to analyze the differences in physical demands encountered by regular and floater players among the SGs f...

Mechanical power may act as a key indicator for physiological and mechanical changes during running. In this scoping review, we examine the current evidences about the use of power output (PW) during endurance running and the different commercially available wearable sensors to assess PW. The Boolean phrases endurance OR submaximal NOT sprint AND r...

This study determined the strength training (ST) habits of amateur endurance runners in Spain regarding athletic level. A sixteen-item online questionnaire comprised of (i) demographic information, (ii) performance, and (iii) training contents was completed by 1179 athletes. Five group levels were determined according to the personal best times of...

Background: Markerless systems require no markers to be attached to the body, thereby improving clinical feasibility and testing time. However, the lack of markers might affect the accuracy of measurements. Objective: This study aimed to determine the absolute reliability and concurrent validity of the Kinect system with MotionMetrix software for s...

Background: The study of children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) has traditionally focused on motor aspects. The extent to which sensory processing disorders can affect their functional performance and quality of life (QoL) is uncertain. This study aimed to explore the differences in sensory processing between UCP and typical development (TD...

The objectives of this study were: (i) to analyse anthropometric parameters and throwing speed from seven meters in amateur male handball players of different ages; (ii) to know the relationship between anthropometric parameters and throwing. One hundred seventy-six male handball players (16.5 ± 5.1 years old) participated in the study, classified...

Researching running spatiotemporal parameters has deepened knowledge of the spring-mass model and its capacity to estimate and predict kinetic and kinematic variables. However , although the impact of lower-limb stiffness on athletic performance seems considerable, recognition of lower-limb stiffness among coaches and practitioners remains sparse....

The study of the spring-mass model variables in running resulted in a great contribution to the understanding of the behaviour of such model not only in humans, but in animals as well. Although the study of the running spatiotemporal parameters has contributed to obtain a deeper knowledge about the spring-mass model and its capacity to estimate and...

BACKGROUND Markerless systems require no markers to be attached to the body, improving clinical feasibility and testing time. However, the lack of markers might affect the measurements’ accuracy OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the absolute reliability and concurrent validity of the Kinect™ system with the MotionMetrix™ software for spatiot...

Background Markerless systems to capture body motion require no markers to be attached to the body, thereby improving clinical feasibility and testing time. However, the lack of markers might affect the accuracy of measurements. Objective This study aimed to determine the absolute reliability and concurrent validity of the Kinect system with Motio...

Despite the widespread use of the OptoGait photoelectric cell system for the analysis of running spatiotemporal parameters, its reliability has not been proved. Consequently, this study intends to determine the test–retest reliability of the system when applied to treadmill running spatiotemporal parameters and lower body stiffness at a constant ve...

Background: Describing the response of spatiotemporal gait characteristics, and related variables such as variability and stiffness, to different stressors is important to better understand spring-mass model. Research question: This study aimed to examine the effect of fatigue induced by a running protocol on spatiotemporal gait parameters, step...

Effects of fatigue on running kinematics of trained athletes

Unlike today when most runners use modern shoes with ample cushioning and support, for most of history this has not been the case: instead people would run barefoot or simple shoes (1). Injuries are most likely to appear while running at the moment the foot strikes the ground. This contact can occur in three different ways: a rear-foot strike (RFS)...

La popularidad de las carreras por montaña se ha incrementado en los últimos años observándose un incremento en el número de carreras y participantes. Durante estas carreras, los corredores están bajo riesgo de fatiga extrema, por lo que no resulta sorprendente que las estadísticas de estos eventos muestren una alta proporción de abandonos.

In the present study, we analysed the kinetic profile together with the lower limb EMG activation pattern during a countermovement jump and its respective landing phase in males and females. Twenty subjects (10 males and 10 females) took part in the study. One experimental session was conducted in order to record kinetic and electromyographic (EMG)...