Diego Germán Gutiérrez

Argentine Museum of Natural Sciences (Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales) · Vascular Plants Division (División Plantas Vasculares)

Praxelis clematidea is a relatively unknown herb native to South America that has spread globally over the past four decades. In this study, we integrate ecological niche modelling (ENM) and niche shift analyses to understand its distribution, test niche conservatism hypotheses, and identify potential invasion sites under different climate change s...

Xanthium is a genus of annual herbaceous plants that stands out within Asteraceae for being wind-pollinated, diclinous monoecious, and bearing solitary pistillate flowers in peculiar spiny structures (burs). Xanthium sect. Acanthoxanthium is native to South America and characterized by the presence of trifurcate spines at the base of the leaves. Pa...

Premise Bracken ( Pteridium , Dennstaedtiaceae) is a cosmopolitan genus of aggressive disturbance colonizers that are toxic to agricultural livestock. The taxonomy of Pteridium has been treated in multiple schemes, ranging from one to six species worldwide, with numerous subspecies and varieties. Recent work has focused on the worldwide distributio...

Asteraceae is the world’s richest plant family and is found on all continents, in environments ranging from the coast to the highest mountains. The family shows all growth forms and, as in other angiosperm families, species richness is concentrated in tropical regions. South America has the highest diversity of Asteraceae in the world, yet taxonomi...

Angiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods1,2. A robust understanding of angiosperm evolution is required to explain their rise to ecological dominance. So far, the angiosperm tree of life has been determined primarily by means of analyses of the plastid genome3,4. Many studies have drawn on this foundation...

The South American central Andes have a great richness of Asteraceae, where the genus Stevia (Eupatorieae, Piqueriinae) is also especially diverse. The taxonomy of Stevia species in the southern part of the central Andes pose a challenge because of the unclear delimitation among the species and overlap of morphological characters. Two species compl...

Tagetes dombeyi (Asteraceae, Tageteae), a new species from the Central Andes first collected in the 18th century. A new annual species of Tagetes from the Central Andes of Peru and Bolivia, T. dombeyi, is described and illustrated based on herbarium collections and photographs of the plants in their habitat. Tagetes dombeyi is closely related to Ta...

El género Tagetes L. posee 40-45 especies distribuidas desde el sur de Estados Unidos hasta el centro de Argentina y Chile, de las cuales aproximadamente la mitad presenta hábito perenne. En el marco de la revisión sistemática de Tagetes, se realizó un análisis filogenético con datos moleculares y morfológicos para establecer las relaciones de pare...

Eupatorium amambayense, an endemism of Paraguay, was originally described within Eupatorium sect. Cylindrocephalum. Nowadays, genus Eupatorium is restricted to species from North America and Eurasia, and section Cylindrocephalum is a synonym of Chromolaena (Praxelinae). The objective of the work is to determine the current taxonomic identity of E....

The South American genus Praxelis Cass. (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae) includes 18 species and is the second-largest genus of subtribe Praxelinae. It is distributed from Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas, to central Argentina, southern Brazil and north-western Uruguay. Over the past 40years, one species, P. clematidea , has invaded several countries a...

The South American genus Praxelis Cass. (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae) includes 18 species and is the second-largest genus of subtribe Praxelinae. It is distributed from Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas, to central Argentina, southern Brazil and north-western Uruguay. Over the past 40 years, one species, P. clematidea, has invaded several countries a...

Jodina (Cervantesiaceae, Santalales) is a South American monotypic genus of hemiparasitic trees that occurs mainly in xeric and semi-xeric habitats. The genus is characterized by its rhombic, glabrous and stiff leaves. The flowers are monochlamydous and the petals give rise to long hairs arranged behind the stamens. It has been mentioned that these...

The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiver-sity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxo-nomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impedi...

The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiver-sity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxo-nomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impedi...

El género Praxelis Cass. habita zonas templadocálidas de Sudamérica. Se distingue por sus filarias caducas, receptáculo cónico y carpopodio asimétrico. La delimitación de especies es poco clara debido a la superposición de caracteres y a distintas interpretaciones y terminologías utilizadas para definirlos. El objetivo del trabajo es actualizar su...

During the revision of the genus Tagetes, we detected the need for typifications and taxonomical rearrangements in North and Central American taxa. We analyzed type and non-type specimens, morphological traits, geographical distributions, protologues, and biographies of authors and collectors. As a result, we designated 12 lectotypes and one epityp...

Stevia diversipapposa was first described by Hieronymus in 1897, along with its forms breviaristata, exaristata and longiaristata. All these names are considered as later synonyms of S. vaga, a widespread shrub from northwestern and central Argentina, described by Grisebach in 1874. During our revision of the Argentinian species of Stevia, we found...

The urge to organise the world around us is an essential part of human nature. Naming and categorising enable us to store and access information ef ciently. The need to name and categorise extends to the natural world and, in particular, to living organisms. The science underpinning this area of knowledge is called Taxonomy, and is as old as humani...

During the revision of the southern South American species of Praxelis, populations of P. clematidea were found in northwestern Uruguay. In this study, we provide the first record of the genus and the species for the Uruguayan flora, along with taxonomic and morphological analyses based on herbarium specimens and field observations. In addition, us...

The Eupatorieae represent nearly 10% of the Asteraceae, including about 187 genera and 2500 species. With close to 116 genera, South America is one of the richest areas for Eupatorieae diversity. Understanding of the taxonomy of the tribe has been hindered by the morphological variation of its genera and by the partly incongruent circumscription of...

Stevia Cav. (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae) includes ca. 235 species distributed from United States of America to Chile and Argentina in South America. During the taxonomic revision of the Argentinian species several specimens belonging to Stevia mandonii Sch. Bip. were found in the province of Jujuy, where it had not been previously cited. In this frame...

Introducción y objetivos: Actualmente numerosas especies, nativas y exóticas, llamadas “cardos” están ampliamente distribuidas en Argentina. Durante el siglo XVIII varias publicaciones jesuíticas mencionaron “cardos” en este país, como el trabajo ilustrado de Florián Paucke. El objetivo principal del trabajo es recopilar, de las fuentes escritas de...

Currently, in Argentina 368 species of true ferns (i.e. Polypodiopsida class) are distributed throughout the country, however, only four of them have been mentioned until now as weeds and ruderal species. The goal of this work was to generate an update of weedy ferns from Argentina, including morphology, distribution, and type of weed according to...

The marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is the largest deer native to South America, occurring in wetlands and marshy habitats. The southernmost population of the species is found in the Paraná River Delta,Argentina, in a wetland system highly modified by intensive forestry activity. Foresters perceive high levels of economic losses attributed to d...

The small Neotropical tribe Liabeae (Compositae) is currently classified in four subtribes: Liabinae, Munnoziinae, Paranepheliinae, and Sinclairiinae. As currently accepted, Paranepheliinae includes seven genera, Chionoppapus, Erato, Microliabum, Paranephelius, Philoglossa, Pseudonoseris, and Stephanbeckia, distributed especially throughout the And...

La familia Asteraceae está constituida por aproximadamente 40 tribus que representan sus diversos linajes evolutivos. Entre ellas se destacan las tribus Cardueae y Eupatorieae por su alta riqueza (i.e. más de 2200 especies en cada una) y una amplia distribución geográfica mundial. Ambas tribus incluyen especies de importancia económica: cultivos al...

En Argentina se registran unos 55 herbarios (algunos de los cuales se encuentran inactivos o han sido incorporados en otros) que resguardan colecciones científicas históricas y actuales de nuestro país y del resto del mundo desde aproximadamente inicios del siglo XIX. Se estima que todos los herbarios de Argentina conservan en total unos 4 millones...

A revision and a morphological analysis of the Uruguayan species of Stevia (Compositae, Eupatorieae) were performed. Leaf, inflorescence, pubescence and pappus traits were identified as key to separate species. Stevia entreriensis, S. entreriensis var. minor, and Dissothrix hassleriana were considered synonymys of S. hirsuta, and S. opryodonta a sy...

En Argentina se distribuyen 368 especies de helechos (clase Polypodiopsida) de las cuales 25 han sido recientemente registradas como malezas. Se reconocen como malezas aquellas especies de plantas que interfieren en las actividades humanas debido a que crecen en un lugar y un tiempo indeseados. Se las clasifica en segetales (malezas de cultivos y a...

El género Praxelis incluye especies de regiones cálidas y templado-cálidas de Sudamérica, registrándose en Argentina P. clematidea, P. kleinioides, P. ostenii y P. missiona. Algunas son invasoras y malezas en Asia, Oceanía y EEUU. La ausencia de una revisión sistemática del grupo determina que la circunscripción morfológica de sus especies no se en...

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) was established by the Conference of Parties in 2002 to decrease the loss of plant diversity, reduce poverty and contribute to sustainable development. To achieve this overarching goal, the GSPC has established a series of targets, one of which is to ensure that plant diversity is well understood, s...

Climatic change and modeling of species of Stevia (Asteraceae) in northwestern Argentina. The high biodiversity and species richness, along with a great variety of ecosystems, turn northwestern Argentina into an adequate area for study the possible effects of climate change on the distribution of organisms. Asteraceae is a well-represented family o...

The high biodiversity and species richness, along with a great variety of ecosystems, turn northwestern Argentina into an adequate area for study the possible effects of climate change on the distribution of organisms. Asteraceae is a well-represented family of flowering plants in this area; especially, the genus Stevia, with 25 species which inhab...

Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae, Cardueae), “cardo de Castilla”, es una especie introducida en el sur de América del Sur, California, Australia y Nueva Zelanda. Registrada en América del Sur desde el siglo XXVIII es escaso el conocimiento sobre su rango de distribución. El objetivo del trabajo fue obtener su distribución actual y modelar la aptitud...

Acanthostyles buniifolius es un arbusto nativo distribuido en el sur de América del Sur, desde el nivel del mar alcanzando los 3000 m. Presenta un patrón distribucional ya reconocido para otros taxones que conecta las Sierras Pampeanas con las Sierras Subandinas, Tandilia-Ventania, Uruguay y el sur de Brasil. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue mo...

During the course of the revision (in progress) of the South American species of Tagetes, we detected the need for nomenclatural clarifications and typifications in order to correct application of taxa´s names. We analyzed protologues, biographies of authors and collectors, original and common materials, and morphological traits. As a result we cla...

El género Tagetes L. incluye entre 50-55 especies originarias de América. En Sudamérica habitan alrededor de 30 especies, desde Venezuela hasta el norte de la Patagonia argentina. Tagetes incluye hierbas o arbustos fuertemente aromáticos con glándulas oleíferas conspicuas, hojas con láminas pinnatisectas, capítulos radiados, filarias fusionadas, co...

Los helechos son reconocidos por su posición ancestral entre las plantas y su uso ornamental. A pesar de que mundialmente se han registrado más de 60 especies de helechos malezas o ruderales, en Argentina existen escasos estudios al respecto. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una actualización de la información sobre la diversidad y distribuc...

p>La polinización por el viento en la familia Asteraceae se encuentra documentada en unas pocas tribus. Particularmente en Eupatorieae, sólo se ha reportado aparente anemofilia en 10 especies pertenecientes a los géneros Critonia, Decachaeta, Eupatorium, Koanophyllon y Neohintonia, la mayoría de las cuales crece en América del Norte y Central, con...

Wind pollination in Asteraceae is well documented only in few tribes.Particularly, in Eupatorieae, apparent anemophily has only been reported in 10 species belonging to the genera Critonia, Decachaeta, Eupatorium, Koanophyllon, and Neohintonia, most of which inhabit North and Central America, with only two species from South America. The genus Acan...

Eleven species of Stevia were reported from Uruguay: S. aristata, S. burkartii, S. cinerascens, S. congesta, S. entreriensis, S. gratioloides, S. multiaristata, S. ophryodonta, S. sabulonis, S. satureiifolia, and S. selloi. Seven are shared with Argentina, five with Brazil, four with Paraguay, and two are endemic to Uruguay. During the revision of...

Hierbas anuales o perennes, sufrútices o arbustos. Hojas opuestas, o las superiores alternas, en general 1-3-pinnatisectas, segmentos lineares a ovados, enteros o dentados, glándulas oleíferas subepidérmicas conspicuas. Capítulos radiados, rara vez discoides, pedunculados, terminales, solitarios, en dicasios o cimas corimbiformes o paniculiformes....

Carduus tenuiflorus Curtis is described as a new alien plant species for Chile, whose introduction into the country is proposed around the year 1928. An identification key for species of the genus Carduus L. present in Chile is added.

Carduus tenuiflorus Curtis is described as a new alien plant species for Chile, whose introduction into the country is proposed around the year 1928. An identification key for species of the genus Carduus L. present in Chile is added.

The monotypic genus Jodina is endemic of central and southeastern South America, common in forests and scrubland environments. It belongs to the Cervantesiaceae family which includes eight genera that formerly belonged to Santalaceae s.l. Jodina rhombifolia is a hemiparasitic tree characterized by its rhombic and coriaceous leaf blades, glabrous su...

A taxonomical study of the Chilean Stevia is herein presented since there is no agreement on current names and the number of species for Chile. A detailed morphological analysis of type and non-type specimens including new field observations was undertaken. In this work we recognized only one species of Stevia in Chile: S. philippiana. This species...

Weeds and invasive species in Argentina

Liabum (Asteraceae), one of the most important genera of the tribe Liabeae in terms of number of species and extent of overall distribution, was the subject of a revisionary study. The genus consists of perennial herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, rarely scandent shrubs or small trees, without latex, with opposite, tripliveined leaves, radiate, heterogam...

Género neotropical con unas 125 especies distribuidas desde México y el Caribe, a través de Centroamérica, hasta el nordeste de la Argentina y Uruguay, en el Río de la Plata. En la Argentina habitan ocho especies.

Tribu endémica del Neotrópico, con unos 20 géneros y 160 especies distribuidas desde el centro de México, Centroamérica e Indias Occidentales hasta el centro de la Argentina, a través de ambientes andinos y serranos del oeste de Sudamérica. En la Argentina habitan cuatro géneros y nueve especies, desde el noroeste del país hasta las Sierras Pampean...

Tribu con unos 110 géneros y 830 especies de regiones templadas de toda América; sólo algunas especies de África, Eurasia, Hawai y Australia. En la Argentina habitan 14 géneros con 42 especies, distribuidas desde el norte hasta el extremo continental patagónico. En su mayoría son nativas, dos introducidas y una escapada de cultivo.

The flower heads of Microliabum polymnioides afforded scopoletin, 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone, 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone and 3,5,7,4'-tetrahydroxy-6-methoxyflavone. The leaves contained hexadecanoic acid, phytol and docosane. This is the first report on the presence of 6-methoxyflavonoids in Microliabum genus.

La tribu Cardueae comprende 73 géneros y unas 2400 especies nativas de la región Mediterránea europea, africana, y del Asia Menor, alcanzando las montañas del Asia central; está escasamente representada en el resto de África y en América y es rara en Australia. Muchas de sus especies son invasoras en casi todo el mundo. En la Argentina se distribuy...

The Neotropical genus Acanthostyles R.M.King & H.Rob. (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae) occurs from northern Argentina up to northern Patagonia, southern Brazil, central and southern Bolivia, and Uruguay. Different taxonomic treatments have suggested that Acanthostyles might include two species (A. buniifolius (Hook. & Arn.) R.M.King & H.Rob. and A. saucec...

The Neotropical genus Acanthostyles R.M.King & H.Rob. (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae) occurs from northern Argentina up to northern Patagonia, southern Brazil, central and southern Bolivia, and Uruguay. Different taxonomic treatments have suggested that Acanthostyles might include two species (A. buniifolius (Hook.&Arn.) R.M.King&H.Rob. and A. saucechico...

Inkaliabum, a new monotypic genus endemic to valleys and slopes of the Andes of Cuzco (Peru), is described. The species of genus Inkaliabum is a slender scandent subshrub with pinnately veined leaves, lacking latex, with few capitula in terminal and/or axillary capitulescences, widely campanulate involucres, many phyllaries, many florets per capitu...

La familia Asteraceae, tribu Heliantheae, para la Flora del Valle de Lerma (Salta, Argentina) está representada por 33 géneros: Acanthospermum, Acmella, Ambrosia, Angelphytum, Aspilla, Bidens, Chrysantellum, Cosmos, Dalia, Delicia, Eclipsa, Hendirá, Flourensia, Galinsoga, Heterosperma, Hymenosthephium, Jaegeria, Lagascea, Parthenium, Salmea, Sanvit...

La familia Asteraceae, tribu Liabeae, para la Flora del Valle de Lerma (Salta, Argentina) está representada por el género Microliabum con dos especies: M. mulgediifolium y M. polymnioides. La primera de estas especies se cita por primera vez para Argentina, considerada en trabajos previos como un endemismo de Bolivia. Se realiza una descripción de...

e registran y analizan por primera vez en conjunto para el Cono Sur (Argentina, sur de Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay) los géneros, especies y categorías infraespecíficas pertenecientes a las tribus Helenieae, Liabeae y Mutisieae de Asteraceae. Para cada género se analizó el número de especies para la región diferenciándose aquellos taxones endé...

The Neotropical genus Oligactis contains 13 species grouped in two subgenera: Andromachiopsis and Oligactis. Subgenus Oligactis has four species that occur mainly in Colombia and one of them reaches Central America and Venezuela. New synonyms Oligactis garcia-barrigae and O. valeri are proposed under the species O. volubilis and O. sessiliflora, re...

An overview of the plant family Asteraceae ( = Compositae) in Argentina. An overview of the family Asteraceae in Argentina that includes a brief taxonomic history, numerical data of tribes, genera and species, examples of endemisms and ecological adaptations, and a discussion on the hypothesis on the origin of the family in Patagonia is given. Aste...

Este es el primer análisis florístico completo de la familia Asteraceae para un área subtropical de Argentina, extensa y en peligro de conservación, delimitada por la provincia de Misiones. Este estudio registra 88 géneros, 345 especies y 16 taxones infraespecíficos de la familia Asteraceae para las dos unidades fitogeográficas de esta provincia: l...

This is the first complete, floristic analysis of the Asteraceae family from an extense, endangered, subtropical area of Argentina, covered by the Misiones Province. This study reports 88 genera, 345 species and 16 infraspecific taxa of Asteraceae from the two phytogeographic units of Misiones Province: "Selvas Mixtas" District, and "de los Campos"...

The West Indian species Liabum oblanceolatum Urb. & Ekman was established on the basis of sterile young specimens represented by acaulescent herbs with rosulate leaves. However, these specimens have important traits that do not correspond to Liabum Adans. More than 90 genera of Asteraceae occur in Hispaniola (= Santo Domingo), but only 14 of them i...