Dibyendu Mondal

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• Professor (associate) at CNMS-JAIN (Deemed-to-be University)
• Professor (Associate) at Jain University

Herein, we show that a bio-inspired solvent system combining DNA and IL significantly increases the stability and activity of HRP and achieves a 4.8-fold higher peroxidase activity than PBS buffer....

The need for sustainable agriculture amid a growing population and challenging climatic conditions is hindered by the environmental repercussions of widespread fertilizer use, resulting in the accumulation of metal ions and the loss of micronutrients. The present study provides an approach to improve the efficiency of nanofertilizers by controlling...

Proteins are highly labile molecules, thus requiring the presence of appropriate solvents and excipients in their liquid milieu to keep their stability and biological activity. In this field, ionic liquids (ILs) have gained momentum in the past years, with a relevant number of works reporting their successful use to dissolve, stabilize, extract, an...

It is well known that adenosine and its phosphate derivatives play a crucial role in biological phenomena such as apoptosis and cell signaling and act as the energy currency of the cell. Although their interactions with various proteins and enzymes have been described, the focus of this work is to demonstrate the effect of the phosphate group on th...

The unique catalytic properties of enzymes are greatly recognised and led to effective utilisation in the production of useful medicinal intermediates, food industry, and biofuels from sustainable sources. However, the instability of soluble/free enzymes under several challenging conditions like pH, proteolysis, temperature, ionic potential, chemic...

Herein, we present a simple approach to fabricate protein nanoconstructs by complexing cytochrome C (Cyt C) with silk nanofibrils (SNF) and choline dihydrogen phosphate ionic liquid (IL). Molecular docking revealed...

Green and nano-structured catalytic media are vital for bio-catalysis to attenuate the denaturation tendency of biocatalysts under severe reaction conditions. Hydrotropes with multi-faceted physiochemical properties represent promising systems for sustainable protein packaging. Herein, the suitability of adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) and choliniu...

Plants encounter various nanomaterials (NMs) as pesticides and fertilizers. It is also possible that nanomaterials reach plants as waste from consumer products and industry. The effects of such NMs on plants have been widely studied, and both positive and negative effects of NMs on plant growth and development have been reported. Recent metabolomic...

Green and nano-structured catalytic media are vital for bio-catalysis to attenuate the denaturation tendency of biocatalysts under severe reaction conditions. Hydrotropes with multi-faceted physiochemical properties represent promising systems for sustainable...

The state-of-the-art rechargeable batteries mostly utilize organic electrolytes; nevertheless, the flammable organic electrolyte imposes serious safety concerns. Recently deep eutectic solvent (DES) has emerged as a promising alternative electrolyte, which possesses ionic liquid (IL) like physical properties, such as, extremely low vapor pressure,...

Existence of numerous biomolecules results in biological fluids to be extremely crowded. Thus, Macromolecular crowding is an essential phenomenon to sustain active conformation of proteins in biological systems. Herein, double helical deoxyribonucleic acid (B-DNA) is presented for the first time as a biomacromolecular crowding system for sustainabl...

This work reports the recovery and subsequent conversion of cellulose acetate (CA) polymer from waste cigarette filters into semi-permeable membranes. The recycling process comprised of step-wise solvent washing to remove the organics and other adhering impurities from the smoked filter, followed by dissolution, filtration and reprecipitation. The...

Carbonaceous materials have been extensively used in diverse areas because of facile, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and nontoxic routes to produce novel functional materials that can be commercialized in the near future. Interestingly, from the past few decades, the ever-growing demand for advanced functional materials for various application...

Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) represents an important class of antibodies, being present in egg yolk, with relevant medical applications and involving non-invasive methods of extraction. However, due to the complexity of egg yolk, the purification levels required for use in most medical applications demands the application of multi-step and cost-intensive...

The increase in energy demand and global water scarcity lead to the extensive research for the development of high performance aerogels. Significantly, aerogel based materials are emerging as a promising candidates for diverse applications such as thermal insulation, filtration, oil–water separation, and energy storage applications. Aerogels have r...

Increase in global population and rapid industrialization is known to deteriorate the water quality that cause severe water scarcity worldwide. In recent years, high performance multifunctional nanomaterials with high specific...

Plant extract is a complex concoction of several phytochemicals, for instance, phenolics, sugars, flavonoids, xanthones, and several others. In general, it is said that hydroxyl-rich phenolics act as reducing agents for metal ions, but little is discussed about the stabilizing ligands of metal nanoparticles (NPs). Thus, despite the popularity of pl...

Global water scarcity is increasing day-by-day due to population explosion, urbanization and rapid industrialization. Inevitably, surface water is widely contaminated by various hazardous geogenic organic and inorganic contaminants, also from...

Due to the increasing trend to use ionic liquids (ILs) for number of applications, it is of utmost importance to ensure non toxicity of the solvent systems which may contaminate the processed products. The reported toxicity of several imidazolium based ionic liquids posed a need to develop bio based ILs for various applications which are due to the...

Proteinaceous materials are promising for membranes due to greater mechanical strength, in-built functionalities, amphiphilicity and high molecular loading capacity. Herein, a novel strategy of functionalization of silk nanofibrils with metal oxyhydroxide and fabrication of ultrafast permeable multi-layered and self-cleaning membrane was demonstrat...

Recent decade has seen enormous interest in developing cost effective, simple and greener method of utilizing naturally abundant and renewable resources to mitigate the concerns relating contaminated water sources and store green energy. Carbon materials derived from biomass have drawn great attention because of their abundance, easy processability...

Naturally occurring peroxidases are important for living organisms and have manifold utility in industries. However, lack of stability in harsh reaction conditions hinders wide applicability of such enzymes. Thus, suitable alternative is vital which can endure severe reaction conditions. As a substitute of natural peroxidase, herein, biopolymer-bas...

Large-scale production of graphene sheets by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite is a challenging task from a sustainability point of view. Certain bio-derived solvents were found to exfoliate graphite to produce single-layered graphene sheets but the high cost of the solvent is always a deterring factor towards upscaling of the process. Herein, K...

Blue biorefinery is the integrate production of renewable chemicals, fuels, functional materials and marketable commodities utilising biomass of marine origin. Global climate issues, ever-increasing population and depletion of fossil resources...

This study reports an effective method for preparing oxygenated helical carbon impregnated chitosan-based loose nanofiltration membrane, cross-linked with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for selective solute permeation and various industrial wastewater treatment. The structural and functional properties of as prepared thin-film composite (TFC) membran...

Replacing polyamide (PA) layer in commercially successful thin film composite (TFC) membranes prepared via interfacial polymerization has been challenging task. Lately, PA is under scrutiny due to its increasing fouling propensity for highly contaminated waters. To mitigate the bio and organic fouling on PA layer in nanofiltration (NF) membranes in...

The present work demonstrates an innovative strategy for robust water purification using an engi-neered aerogel membrane fabricated from biopolymers and task-specific Fe-Al based nanocomposites. The as prepared EDTAD cross-linked chitosan and agarose (7:3 weight ratio) based aerogel membrane decorated with α-FeOOH and γ-AlOOH based nanocomposites w...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Herein, use of “water-in-Deep eutectic solvents (DES)” system has been shown as an alternative platform for the low temperature conversion of alginic acid (AA) to multifunctional aliginate derived carbon (AAC) material with variable oxygen functionalities. Availing the in-built oxygenated functionalities in AAC, cytochrome-c (Cyt-c) was immobilised...

Ionic liquid (ILs)-protein interaction studies are well documented; nonetheless, some families of the ILs possess high toxicity which leads to perturbation of biomolecules. However, ILs can be suitably designed by...

The wide application of protein fibrils as functional materials has been restricted by the limited scalability of fibrillation methods, slow kinetics, and use of expensive purified proteins. Herein, inspired by the biological cooperativity of proteins in macro-molecularly crowded environments, these restrictions have been overcome. Using ionic liqu...

Nanocomposites with ultrahigh adsorption capabilities are highly desired for efficient wastewater remediation. Unfortunately, most of the nanomaterial based adsorbents showing inevitable limitation such as leaching and agglomeration led to the emerging field of carbonaceous hybrid materials with nanocomposites. Herein, we demonstrated a simple and...

Thin film composite polyamide membrane (TFC-PA) is used commercially in filtration processes, while, less flux at low pressure and high fouling tendency limit its widespread utility. Herein, for the first time, we uncover deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as multi-tasking agents for surface engineering as well as cleaning of a TFC-PA membrane via simpl...

This article reports the first instance of exploring a chemically Zn(II) pre-inserted organic–inorganic hybrid material [vanadyl ethylene glycolate or VEG, (VO(CH2O)2)] as an efficient cathode for rechargeable zinc ion batteries (ZIBs). The control VEG electrode synthesized by a glycothermal process showed a modest specific capacity of 157 mAh/g at...

Antibodies present in mammal’s serum are of high relevance for therapeutic purposes, particularly in passive immunization and in the treatment of some chronic diseases. However, their recovery with high purity...

Herein, a new and straightforward approach for the fabrication of a stable and multifunctional white light emitting (WLE) hydrogel is reported. For the first time, the utility of such hydrogels for protein packaging with enhanced activity and stability is presented. Initially, a WLE composite with color chromaticity of (0.33, 0.27) is fabricated by...

This work focuses on designing new electrode materials by fabricating a nanocomposite hybrid of MWCNTs and a binary metal oxide, ZnMn2O4. The ZnMn2O4 has been extensively investigated as a high-performance anode in Li-ion battery, however, its capacitive faradaic charge storage behavior is rarely explored. Herein we demonstrate the fabrication of Z...

Functional carbon helices (FCHs) containing various oxygenated functionalities derived directly from lignocellulosic biomass is proved to be a potential eco friendly candidate for biomolecules. No study reports the effect of biomass derived platform molecules on the thermoresponsive behavior of polymers, which have been proved potential candidates...

Polyaniline (PANI) as supercapacitor electrode component has received increasing attention due to its high theoretical capacitance, ease of preparation and offers flexibility to fabricate device at low cost. However, PANI suffers from large volume change during doping-dedoping process, and the structural instability becomes more severe at high curr...

Metallized DNA is an exciting functional material having widespread utility towards multifunctional applications. However, conventional DNA metallization processes are time consuming, multi-steps, and most importantly helicity of DNA is destroyed during metallization process. Herein, an ecofriendly and rapid approach has been demonstrated to metall...

In the present study, we explore a facile route for the ultrafast preparation of nanostructured MnxOy at room temperature in a short reaction time using KMnO4 as precursor and deep eutectic solvents (DESs; such as CC-EG, CC-Glucose, and CC-EG-Glucose) as ecofriendly solvent cum reducing agent. A detailed study was undertaken to examine the reaction...

The surface water is widely adulterated by hazardous pollutants such as dyes, pharmaceutical wastes, surfactants, heavy metals, hormones, etc. Hence, there is a necessity to develop a water treatment technology which can overcome all the major water related problems. The conventional methods for water disinfection are very specific and expensive. T...

Biological fluid is highly crowded due to the presence of various biomolecules. Therefore, it is essential to study the effects of molecular crowding agents to probe the behavior of a protein in cell-like environment. Inspired by biofluids, herein, a molecularly crowded environment is created in presence of ionic liquid (IL) envisaging sustainable...

The flexible and light weight supercapacitors as a power source for flexible electronics have attracted extensive attention recently. Herein, we present the fabrication of a flexible aerogel composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and delaminated titanium carbide (Ti 3 C 2) sheets as a high performance, binder free, flexible and self-standing elec...

Solvothermal carbon (STC) has emerged as exciting functional materials for diverse applications. However, designing STC with tunable properties (for instance shape, chemical functionalities, surface acidity, and etc.) for on-demand application...

The diverse chemical functionalities and profuse availability of biomolecules make them essential and cost-effective resources for the fabrication of zero dimensional quantum dots (QDs; otherwise known as bio-dots), with extrordinary...

We are proud to share that the International Conference on Green Methods for Separation, Purification and Nanomaterials Synthesis (GMSP&NS’18) is the first international conference organized by our Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore, India. In its first edition, the conference was focused on the state-of-the-art in th...

Exceptionally successful conventional bilayer system of thin film composite (TFC) polyamide nanofiltration and reverse osmosis (NF/RO) membranes are gradually facing several challenges, including trade-off relationship between flux and rejection due to high tendency to fouling. Herein, we demonstrate preparation of nanocomposite membranes comprisin...

Packaging of structurally sensitive biomolecules such as proteins, peptides and DNA in non-aqueous media at ambient conditions with chemical and structural stability is important to explore the potential of such biomacromolecules as substrate for functional biomaterial design and for biotechnological applications. In this perspective, solubility, c...

There is a sizable interest in the fabrication of carbon helices owing to their utilities in several applications. Methods have been developed for the preparation of such carbon helices from nonrenewable hydrocarbons by a metal-catalyzed chemical vapor deposition process. However, such methods require high temperature, toxic gases besides multi-ste...

The present invention relates to the process for the scalable production of Fe3O4/Fe, Sn & Zn doped graphene nanosheets from a naturally abundant seaweed resources such as Sargassum tenerrimum, Sargassum wighti, Ulva faciata, Ulva lactuca and Kappaphycus alvarezii. The granules remained after the recovery of liquid juice from the fresh seaweeds wer...

Sustainable and low-cost reusable water recovery process from industrial wastewater may have potential positive impact towards potable water crisis in several industrial processes. Quite a number of approaches such as chemical processes, biological treatment and high-pressure membrane based processes have been developed to address this crucial issu...

The use of biomass as an energy source has considerably even increased in the current scenario. However, biomass availability is crucial for the implementation of any strategy that focuses on bioresources for fuel, chemicals, and biomaterials. Mostly, lignocellulosic biomass such as wasted bioresources has been employed extensively toward its valor...

Biomass is the abundant resources for the production of materials and commodity chemicals. However, sustainability of such bioresources for long-term utilization is restricted if only food-crop-based biomass and woody biomass are focused on. Thus, the nonfood waste biomass, such as agricultural residue, can be considered as potential raw materials...

Macro- and nanocellulose fibers have attracted research attention due to their remarkable properties like biodegradability, high strength, and stiffness, as well as their synthesis and application for development of composites. Macro- and nanocellulose fibers can be employed as a reinforcement agent in composite materials due to their outstanding b...

Sustainable and low-cost reusable water recovery process from industrial wastewater may have potential positive impact towards potable water crisis in several industrial processes. Quite a number of approaches such as chemical processes, biological treatment and high-pressure membrane-based processes have been developed to address this crucial issu...

Ion gels and self-healing gels prepared using ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been largely investigated in the past years due to their remarkable applications in different research areas. Herewith we provide an overview on the ILs and DESs used for the preparation of ion gels, highlight the preparation and physicochemical...

There is a considerable interest in the use of structurally stable and catalytically active enzymes, such as cytochrome C (Cyt C), in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. However, harsh...

Availability of biomass is the key to the implementation of bioresources for the production of fuel, chemicals, fertilizer and materials. Besides focusing on waste bioresources, it would be essential to identify the potential of relatively xunexploited biomass such as seaweed. Several approaches have been devoted to adding value to algal feedstocks...

Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed belongs to the class of red alga (Rhodophyta). The granules obtained after recovery of “sap” (liquid plant stimulant) from freshly harvested alga is a promising biomass feedstock for energy application. Herein we report the kinetic behaviour of the granules using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating ra...

Herein we present a sustainable and cost effective approach for the preparation of functionalized graphene nanosheets (GNs) directly from seaweed and deep eutectic solvents (DES). The seaweed granules remained after the recovery of juice from fresh brown seaweed, Sargassum tenerrimum was utilized as a raw material and DES generated by the complexat...

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as promising media for the extraction and separation of bioactive compounds from the most diverse origins. This critical review offers a compilation on the main results achieved by the use of ionic-liquid-based processes in the extraction and separation/purification of a large range of bioactive compounds (inc...

Packaging as well as preservation of DNA in non-aqueous media at ambient conditions for long durations is an important research endeavor considering the biomacromolecule as nanoscale substrate for functional biomaterial design and for biotechnological applications. In this perspective, the present work reports both very high concentration dissoluti...

Immunoglobulins G (IgG) could become widespread biopharmaceuticals if cost-efficient processes for their extraction and purification are available. In this work, aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) composed of polyethylene glycols and a buffered salt, and with ionic liquids (ILs) as adjuvants, have been studied as alternative extraction and purification...

In the past decade, remarkable advances on the production and use of antibodies as therapeutic drugs and in research/diagnostic purposes have lead to their recognition as value-added proteins. These biopharmaceuticals have become increasingly important, reinforcing the current demand on the development of more benign, scalable and cost-effective te...

Herewith we have utilized the ability of a choline based deep eutectic solvent (DES) to dissolve DNA and disperse graphene for the synthesis of a Fe3O4 functionalized DNA-N-doped graphene hybrid material. N-doped graphene prepared from graphene oxide and melamine by solar radiation was found to envelop the Fe3O4 functionalized DNA in a sandwich fas...

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) obtained by the complexation of choline chloride (ChoCl) as hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donors such as ethylene glycol (ChoCl-EG 1:2) and glycerol (ChoCl-Gly 1:2) were used as media for the formation of AgCl crystals. Although formation of AgCl crystals was observed in both the solvents but the rate of for...

Among four different biomass derived green and sustainable solvents namely levulinic acid (LA), ethyl lactate (EL), γ-valerolactone (GVL) and formic acid (FA) only LA was found to exfoliate graphite to single and few layered graphene sheets. During exfoliation, the formation of LA crystals embedded with single layered graphene sheets was observed....

Herein we report a facile method for the scalable production of Fe3O4/Fe doped graphene nanosheets (Fe3O4/Fe-GN) from a naturally abundant seaweed resource. The granules remained after the recovery of liquid juice from a fresh brown seaweed, Sargassum tenerrimum was utilized as a raw material and a deep eutectic solvent (DES) generated by the compl...

2.5% w/w DNA (Salmon testes) was solubilized in a bio-deep eutectic solvent [(bio-DES), obtained by the complexation of choline chloride and ethylene glycol at 1:2 molar ratio] containing 1% w/w of silver chloride (AgCl) to yield a AgCl decorated DNA based hybrid material. Concentration dependent formation of AgCl crystals in the DES was observed a...

Researchers have synthesized green organic solvents that could be used to concentrate low-abundance biomolecules such as proteins and DNA from a mixture of biomolecules, facilitating further purification and extraction1. Their technique is potentially attractive for extracting pure proteins and DNA for clinical research and the food industry. Beca...

Present study explores potential of green and sustainable deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as an alternative energy source for concentration of protein (>6 times) and DNA (>3 times) using forward osmosis (FO). The distinct colligative properties like high osmotic pressure (Π >300 atm) and low water activity (aw, ≤0.1) of the DESs make them ideal draw...

Three different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) prepared by the complexation of choline chloride with urea, ethylene glycol and glycerol along with their hydrated counterparts were used for the selective extraction of κ-carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii. Upon comparison of the quality of the polysaccharide with the one obtained using water as ex...

Different neoteric solvents (both ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents) were used for the dispersion and preparation of bio-nanocomposite of spider silk fibres (Crossopriza lyoni). Among these solvents, hydrated tetrabutylammonium hydroxide was found to disperse 7.5 mg mL-1 of spider silk with nano-scale structural distribution at room temperat...

DNA (Salmon testes) was solubilized in two bio-based ionic liquids (Bio-ILs) namely choline-pyruvate (Cho-Pyr) and choline-glycolate (Cho-Gly) up to 2.0 and 8.0 wt% respectively. The solubilized DNA was found to maintain its chemical and structural stability up to one year when stored at room temperature (25 oC). Excessive H-bonding along with elec...

The present invention relates to a superhydrophilic biodegradable cross linked foam membrane and a process for preparation of said foam membrane from a seaweed polysaccharides by blending with amino biopolymers/ amino acids/ proteins/amino compounds followed by crosslinking with a naturally occurring cross linker, genipin. The foam membrane can be...

The present invention relates to composite electrode materials comprising natural fibres and gold. Particularly, the invention relates to utilisation of cost effective, flexible, mechanically strong and wire shaped coir fibre, jute fibre, banana fibre, sisal fibre, and humanhair for electrode preparation. More particularly the natural fibre electro...

Few choline based bio-ionic liquids (bio-ILs) were employed for the first time for the selective precipitation of agarose from the hot seaweed extract of Gracilaria dura (an agarophyte) under ambient conditions. The method thus developed is much “greener” and economical in comparison to the methods widely practiced for agarose production. Among the...

Clarified sugarcane juice (osmotic coefficient,φ,~ 1.01) was efficiently dewatered through the spontaneous process of Forward Osmosis (FO) employing sea bittern as draw solution. Sea bittern is the mother liquor that remains after recovery of common salt from seawater. It is either discarded to sea or evaporated to higher densities in solar salt pa...

Forward Osmosis (FO) has emerged as an energy efficient separation process and has been the focus of many research groups around the globe, thereby gaining widespread applicability. The FO process utilises the osmotic gradient across the membrane as driving force to achieve dewatering or solvent separation from feed mixtures. Provided a suitable dr...

Using the sap extracted from a seaweed, researchers have partially reduced graphene oxide to produce nanosheets that could be used to make electronic devices such as sensors, fuel cells and solar cells1. The prevalent technique to produce graphene oxide sheets suffers from problems such as toxicity and possible contamination of graphene. With a vie...

Large-scale and low-cost production of graphene is achieved widely by the chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO). In this study, partially reduced GO (prGO) was prepared using a seaweed sap extracted from the red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii (1). The seaweed sap is a plant growth stimulant used as a foliar spray. The sap is consisted of both or...

The present invention relates to a product Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed sap free of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and its method of preparation. Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed sap is a plant stimulant found to enhance yield and quality of a number of crops. Besides containing many macro- and micro- nutrients, there are many plant growth hormones present i...

Treatment of graphene oxide (GO) at elevated temperature with four choline based bio-ionic liquids (Bio-ILs) having counter anions with different nucleophilicity namely, choline bicarbonate (chol-HCO3), choline hydroxide (chol-OH), choline formate (chol-HCOO) and choline caproate (chol-C5H11COO) resulted formation of partially reduced GO (prGO). Th...

Sustainable intensification of agricultural productivity is a global challenge. The sap of the commercially important red seaweed, Kappaphycus alvarezii, has been of interest in this regard, and its application as foliar spray has had a profound impact on the yields of many crops. It has been shown to contain indole acetic acid, kinetin, zeatin and...

Low yield of the chemicals is often identified as a major obstacle for the complete utilization of the bioresources as a source of important chemicals and thereby limits their application in industries. The issue of low yield can be partially compensated by integrated processes, i.e., production of two or more chemicals from the same biomass using...

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) consisting of the mixtures of choline halide (chloride/bromide)-urea and choline chloride-thiourea were used as solvents to prepare α-chitin nanofibers (CNFs). CNFs of diameter 20-30nm could be obtained using the DESs comprising of the mixture of choline chloride and thiourea (CCT 1:2); however, NFs could not be obtain...

DNA (Salmon testes) was functionalized by Fe3O4 nanoparticles and protonated layered dititanate sheets (H2·Ti2O5·H2O) in a mixture of choline chloride and ethylene glycol (a deep eutectic solvent) to yield a hybrid material having magnetic and antibacterial properties. Ti sheets were found to interact with the phosphate moieties, while Fe interacte...

The present invention relates to the prepn. of guar gum ion gels and its nanocomposite ion gels with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in 1- butyl- 3- methylimidazolium chloride and choline formate. The gels upon complete bisection or upon fracture on the surfaces self- healed at room temp. without any external stimuli. Further, the bisected gel...