Dianna J Magliano

Dianna J Magliano
Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute · Diabetes and Population Health

Bachelor of Applied Science

About

494
Publications
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Introduction
Skills and Expertise

Publications

Publications (494)
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Diabetes is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a two-to-four-times higher risk than that in non-diabetes. The health burden associated with CVD imposes a major economic concern on healthcare systems and on society. We sought to estimate the future burden of CVD in terms of health and economic outcomes in type 2 di...
Article
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) encompass a range of conditions affecting both the heart (e.g., coronary heart disease and heart failure [1]) and blood vessels (e.g., cerebrovascular disease [2] and peripheral artery disease [3]) [...]
Article
Controversy remains whether the mortality risk in people with fatty liver disease (FLD) including metabolic-(dysfunction) associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic-(dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is higher than observed in those without FLD. We aimed to determine the mortality rate and mortality rate ratio (MRR)...
Article
Although type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is traditionally viewed as a youth-onset disorder, the number of older adults being diagnosed with this disease is growing. Improvements in the average life expectancy of people with T1DM have also contributed to the growing number of older people living with this disease. We summarize the evidence regarding...
Article
Background and Aim The validity of non‐invasive tests (NITs) of liver fibrosis for the prediction of liver and mortality outcomes in an Australian cohort is unknown. We aimed to verify the utility of available NITs to predict overall and cause‐specific mortality and major adverse liver outcome (MALO). Methods This was an analysis from the Crossroa...
Article
Objectives: To estimate changes in the incidence of clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Australia, overall and by age, sex, socio-economic disadvantage, geographic remoteness, and country of birth. Study design: Population-based study; analysis of National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) data (age-period-cohort models). Setting, participant...
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Aims To conduct a systematic review in order to better understand the association of glycaemic risk factors and diabetes duration with risk of heart failure (HF) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods We identified longitudinal studies investigating the association of glycaemic factors (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c], HbA1c variability,...
Article
Background and Aims To improve upon the estimation of 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) event risk for individuals without prior CVD or diabetes mellitus in the Asia-Pacific region by systematic recalibration of the SCORE2 risk algorithm. Methods The sex-specific and competing risk-adjusted SCORE2 algorithms were systematically recalibrated to...
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Introduction Dietary nitrate is potentially beneficial for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and nervous systems due to its role as a nitric oxide (NO) precursor. Increased nitrate intake improves cardiovascular health and therefore could protect against dementia, given the cardiovascular-dementia link. Objective To investigate the association betw...
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Aim To describe the trends of hospitalisation for infections in people with diabetes and in the general population. Methods People with diabetes were identified from the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme linked to hospitalisation datasets from 2010/11 to 2018/19. Data on hospitalisations in the general population were obtained from th...
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Background and aims The association between fatty liver disease (FLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in an Australian context has yet to be defined. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between FLD and 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods This was a longitudinal follow-up study of a randomly sam...
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Background Metabolic ageing biomarkers may capture the age-related shifts in metabolism, offering a precise representation of an individual’s overall metabolic health. Methods Utilising comprehensive lipidomic datasets from two large independent population cohorts in Australia (n = 14,833, including 6630 males, 8203 females), we employed different...
Article
Objective: This multi-country study explored trends in causes of death in people with diabetes. Methods: We used cause-specific mortality data in people with diabetes from 9 high-income countries (2000-2020). Data were from registries, health insurance, or other administrative sources. Proportional contributions of causes of death to total deaths a...
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Background Decreased levels of circulating ethanolamine plasmalogens [PE(P)], and a concurrent increase in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are consistently reported in various cardiometabolic conditions. Here we devised, a plasmalogen score (Pls Score) that mirrors a metabolic signal that encompasses the levels of PE(P) and PE and captures the natura...
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Aims To examine the impact of current age, age at diagnosis, and duration of diabetes on the incidence rate of complications among people with type 2 diabetes. Methods Baseline data from 19,327 individuals with type 2 diabetes in the UK Biobank were analysed. Poisson regression was used to model incidence rates by current age, age at diagnosis, an...
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Background With the rapid increase in the prevalence of DM, studies on the awareness, treatment, and control of this condition are essential. Therefore, this study aimed to review the literature and pool the awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes at the global, regional, and national levels. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analys...
Article
Context The associations of vegetable and potato intakes with type 2 diabetes (T2D) appear to be nuanced, depending on vegetable types and preparation method, respectively. Objective We investigated the associations of total vegetable, vegetable subgroup, and potato intakes with (1) markers of T2D at baseline and (2) incident T2D cumulative over a...
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) encompasses a range of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease [...]
Article
Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have demonstrated multifaceted pharmacological effects. In addition to type 2 diabetes, they are now indicated for heart failure and chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to identify novel associations between SGLT2i use and health outcomes using real‐world data. Using linked data from a natio...
Article
Background and Aims The burden of liver disease among people with diabetes at a population level is unknown. We explored the burden and trends of liver disease mortality and hospitalisations among Australians with diabetes. Methods We linked Australians with type 2 diabetes on the National Diabetes Services Scheme to the National Death Index for 2...
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Background Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is frequently seen in association with arterial hypertension and indicates poor prognosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of LVH and associated factors in a multiethnic population from Mauritius. Methods Population-based health surveys were performed in 2009 and 2015 and included in total...
Article
Introduction: Despite the risk of heart failure (HF) in the survivorship phase of some cancers, the risk is not high enough to justify HF screening. However, people with diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of both HF and cancer. Examining this at-risk population may allow for better understanding of the effect cancer has on the developmen...
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The rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) causes about 200,000 deaths worldwide each year. However, there are currently no effective drug therapies to prevent AAA formation or, when present, to decrease progression and rupture, highlighting an urgent need for more research in this field. Increased vascular inflammation and enhanced apoptosi...
Article
Objective To describe the reasons for hospital admission among people with diabetes. Methods We searched Emcare, Embase, Medline, and Google Scholar databases for population‐based studies describing the causes of hospitalisation among people with diabetes. We included articles published in English from 1980 to 2022. For each study, we determined t...
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Obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, a substantial proportion of patients with these conditions have a seemingly normal body mass index (BMI). Conversely, not all obese individuals present with metabolic disorders giving rise to the concept of “metabolically healthy obese”. We use lipidomic-based models...
Article
Aims To determine the incidence of hospitalisation for all diagnoses among Australian youth with type 1 diabetes. Methods We linked Australians aged under 20 years with type 1 diabetes on the National Diabetes Services Scheme ( n = 45,685) to hospital admission data from 2010 to 2019. We determined relative risks (RR) of hospitalisation among thos...
Article
Aims: This population-based study sought to explore in detail the conditions driving the diversification in causes of death among people with diabetes. Methods: We linked Australians with type 1 or type 2 diabetes of all ages on the National Diabetes Services Scheme to the National Death Index for 2002-2019. We investigated the proportional cont...
Article
Background and Aim Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent liver condition globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in age‐ and sex‐standardized prevalence of NAFLD in regional Victoria over a 15‐year period and explore the underlying factors associated with differences over time. Methods Repeated comparat...
Article
Rationale & objective: Trends in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) among people with diabetes may inform clinical management and public health strategies. We estimated trends in the incidence of ESKD among people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Australia from 2010-2019 and evaluated their associated factors. Study design: Cohort study. Setting...
Article
Aims: To find the best-performing algorithms to distinguish type 1 and type 2 diabetes in administrative data. Methods: Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched from January 2000 until January 2023. Papers evaluating the performance of algorithms to define type 1 and type 2 diabetes by reporting diagnostic metrics against a range of reference...
Article
High dementia prevalence and associated disability have necessitated a focus on the identification of potentially modifiable risk factors. One such example is type 2 diabetes; however, there are not enough large population-based studies that can provide an accurate estimate of the strength of the association. Therefore, we investigated prospective...
Article
Objective: To estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of prediabetes, defined by impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Research design and methods: We reviewed 7,014 publications for high-quality estimates of IGT (2-h glucose, 7.8-11.0 mmol/L [140-199 mg/dL]) and IFG (fasting glucose, 6.1-6.9 mmol/L [...
Preprint
Full-text available
Obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, a substantial proportion of patients with these conditions have a seemingly normal body mass index (BMI). Conversely, not all obese individuals present with metabolic disorders giving rise to the concept of “metabolically healthy obese”. Using comprehensive lipidomic...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: The aim was to project the health and economic outcomes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people with type 2 diabetes from Australian public healthcare and societal perspectives over the next decade. Methods: A dynamic multistate model with yearly cycles was developed to project cardiovascular events among Australians with type 2...
Article
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Objective We examined the utility of the Kidney age–Chronological age Difference (KCD) score, an age-adapted measure of kidney function, to identify increased cardiovascular (CV) death or non-fatal CV event risk in participants of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab), a community-based cohort aged 23–95 years. Design Coh...
Article
Allostatic load is a model that is used to quantify the physiological damage from exposure to stressors. Stressful life events are chronic stressors that can lead to an elevated allostatic load through the physiological and behavioral stress responses. However, there is limited empirical studies that has tested the proposed behavioural pathway. Our...
Article
Background: Investigating modifiable risk factors of early stages of the development of type 2 diabetes is essential for effective prevention. Some studies show protective associations between dairy and prediabetes, yet associations are heterogenous by type and fat content of dairy foods. Objective: To examine the relationship between the consum...
Article
Objective: To determine the effect of socioeconomic status on efficacy and cost thresholds at which theoretical diabetes prevention policies become cost-effective. Methods: We designed a life table model using real-world data that captured diabetes incidence, and all-cause mortality in people with and without diabetes by socioeconomic disadvanta...
Article
Aims: To determine the burden and leading reasons for mental health hospitalisation among Australians with diabetes. Methods: We determined incidence of hospitalisation for all mental health disorders in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes of all ages by linking the National Diabetes Services Scheme to hospital admission datasets from 2010-201...
Article
Background: We quantified the individual and joint contribution of contemporaneous causal behavioural exposures on the future burden of oesophageal and stomach cancers and their subtypes and assessed whether these burdens differ between population groups in Australia, as such estimates are currently lacking. Methods: We combined hazard ratios fr...
Article
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Aims/hypothesis Diabetic foot disease (DFD) is a leading cause of hospital admissions and amputations. Global trends in diabetes-related amputations have been previously reviewed, but trends in hospital admissions for multiple other DFD conditions have not. This review analysed the published incidence of hospital admissions for DFD conditions (ulce...
Article
Some evidence suggests that diabetes may be a risk factor for the development of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Recent data also indicate that new-onset diabetes may be a complication of COVID-19. Here, we review the existing evidence. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review through August 8, 2022. We included longitu...
Article
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Aims/hypothesis Whether sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are cost-effective based solely on their cardiovascular and kidney benefits is unknown. We projected the health and economic outcomes due to myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure (HF) and end-stage kidney...
Article
Aims We sought to quantify the burden and diversity of reasons for hospital admission amongst Australians with type 2 diabetes compared to the general population. Methods We linked Australians aged 15 and above with type 2 diabetes on the National Diabetes Services Scheme (n=456,265) to hospital admission data to determine hospitalisation risks at...
Article
Aim To determine trends in the incidence of hospitalizations and amputations for diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) in Australia. Methods We included 70,766 people with type 1, and 1,087,706 with type 2 diabetes from the Australian diabetes registry from 2010-2019, linked to hospital admissions databases. Trends in age-adjusted incidence were sum...
Article
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The incidence and prevalence of youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications are increasing worldwide. Youth-onset T2DM has been reported in all racial and ethnic groups, but Indigenous peoples and people of colour are disproportionately affected. People with youth-onset T2DM often have a more aggressive clinical course than th...
Article
Changes between diet quality and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) over 12 years were examined in men and women. In 2844 adults (46% males; mean age 47.3 (SD 9.7) years) from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study with data at baseline, 5 and 12 years. Dietary intake was assessed with a 74-item FFQ. Diet quality was estimated wi...
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Background There is a dearth of studies on how neighbourhood environmental attributes relate to the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and profiles of MetS components. We examined the associations of interrelated aspects of the neighbourhood environment, including air pollution, with MetS status and profiles of MetS components. Methods We used socio-demogr...
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Purpose Higher total fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes have been associated with lower perceived stress. The relationship between specific types of FV and perceived stress remains uncertain. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to explore the relationship between consumption of specific types of FV with perceived stress in a population-based...
Article
Background Accurate data on type 1 diabetes prevalence, incidence, associated mortality and life expectancy are crucial to inform public health policy, but these data are scarce. We therefore developed a model based on available data to estimate these values for 201 countries for the year 2021 and estimate the projected prevalent cases in 2040. Me...
Article
Background Diabetes is a major public health issue. Because lifetime risk, life expectancy, and years of life lost are meaningful metrics for clinical decision making, we aimed to estimate these measures for type 2 diabetes in the high-income setting. Methods For this multinational, population-based study, we sourced data from 24 databases for 23...
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Aims We investigated the association of fasting triglycerides with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods and results This cohort study included US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1988 to 2014. CVD mortality outcomes were ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index records. Cox proportional ha...
Article
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Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2Is) reduce heart failure (HF) hospitalizations and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in general type 2 diabetes populations. The objective of this study was to determine whether SGLT-2Is vs. dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4Is) are associated with reductions in MACE, HF...
Article
OBJECTIVE Differentiation of risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) from heart failure hospitalization (HHF) or kidney disease is important when selecting glucose-lowering therapy. We investigated the ability of separate MACE and HHF risk scores to 1) differentiate MACE from HHF risk; and 2) identify individuals more likely to benefit...
Article
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Dyslipidemia associates with and usually precedes the onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but a comprehensive assessment of molecular lipid species associated with risk of CKD is lacking. Here, we sought to identify fasting plasma lipids associated with risk of CKD among American Indians in the Strong Heart Family Study, a large-scale community-...
Article
Aim We evaluated the associations of age and duration of type 2 diabetes with major diabetes-related complications. Methods We included 1.1 million people with type 2 diabetes from the Australian diabetes registry, followed from 2010-2019. We estimated the incidence of hospitalization or death from myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and heart fai...
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Objectives Prolonged exposure to stress is a risk factor for mental and physical health problems (i.e., depression, cardiovascular disease). Although higher consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) has been associated with lower perceived stress (PS), the relationship between specific FV types and PS remains uncertain. The aim of this cross-section...
Article
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Background Although insulin pump therapy is an important treatment modality for patients with type 1 diabetes, rates of pump use appear to vary broadly internationally. This study aimed to investigate the application of insulin pump therapy among patients with type 1 diabetes in China. Methods Data were collected from the Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus...
Article
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Aims/hypothesis Mortality has declined in people with type 1 diabetes in recent decades. We examined how the pattern of decline differs by country, age and sex, and how mortality trends in type 1 diabetes relate to trends in general population mortality. Methods We assembled aggregate data on all-cause mortality during the period 2000–2016 in peop...
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To estimate the age-standardized prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes and identify factors associated with these conditions at individual, household, and community levels. Data from 11952 Bangladeshi adults aged 18–95 years available from the most recent Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18 were used. Anthropometric measurements and f...
Article
The traditional complications of diabetes mellitus are well known and continue to pose a considerable burden on millions of people living with diabetes mellitus. However, advances in the management of diabetes mellitus and, consequently, longer life expectancies, have resulted in the emergence of evidence of the existence of a different set of less...
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Background: It is unknown how use of newer glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) has changed in Australia following the publication of clinical trials demonstrating definitive clinical advantages for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), and whether this varies by socioeconomic disa...
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Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is associated with lower cognitive function and diabetes in older adults, but little is known about whether diabetes status moderates the impact of TRAP on older adult cognitive function. We analysed cross-sectional data from 4141 adults who participated in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab...