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Publications (78)
Ethical fashion consumers who assess the environmental and social aspects of products before purchasing them are relatively rare because fashion consumption is a complex activity and tends to occur under conditions that tend to discourage ethical considerations. Standard criteria for evaluating ecologically sound or safe products or services are la...
The concept of the avant-garde has been applied to three types of changes in the arts: in the aesthetic content of art, in the social content of art, and in the norms surrounding the production and distribution of artworks. First used in France in the 1830s, the term acquired new meanings and connotations in the twentieth century, ranging from aest...
Le present article examine la participation des artistes asiatiques au systeme d’art mondial que dominaient naguere les createurs et les producteurs europeens afin de determiner si l’hegemonie occidentale est en declin. Parmi les 500 artistes contemporains avec les montants de ventes aux encheres les plus eleves, 49 % etaient d’origine asiatique en...
The global film market is a strategic site for examining the global influence of American media culture. Using a database compiled by the European Audiovisual Observatory, I show that the global film market consists of 34 countries that produce over 25 films per year. Thirty-two countries produce less than 26 films. The countries that produce over...
Michael Bell's proposal for a "dialogic sociology" (this volume) is a response to what he perceives to be an obsession in the discipline with "total explanation," which means that the sociological researcher attempts to develop a comprehensive understanding of a phenomenon using a conceptual apparatus that emphasizes causality, predictability, obje...
This paper explores the implications of the globalization of culture worlds in art and fashion. A global culture world is defined as one in which a small number of cultural organizations from several countries dominates the global production and dissemination of a particular form of culture. Participants in global culture worlds congregate in inter...
The subject of this article is the relationship between cultural sociology and approaches to culture in other social science disciplines. What are the characteristics of the theoretical environment, in which cultural sociology is operating? The article begins by reviewing the literature on interdisciplinarity. Many authors argue that interdisciplin...
Since present levels and types of consumption are not environmentally sustainable, consumers need to become more sensitive to environmental issues and to the political implications of their behavior. This paper traces factors affecting green consumerism in several areas: clothing, transportation, food and management of household waste. Green consum...
The article examines the recent changes in art world from the characteristics of the global art market and its implications for sociological theories of art. Therefore, it focuses on the correlation established between the decline of the avant-garde art and how there are tenuous boundaries between high culture and popular culture. In this sense, it...
This article proposes a framework for studying material culture, such as fashionable clothing, based on an analysis of the processes that lead to the creation and attribution of symbolic value. Five types of analyses are outlined: (1) analyses of material culture as a type of text that expresses symbols and contributes to discourses and to cultural...
Modernism/modernity 12.1 (2005) 183-184
Much has been written about the influence of the arts upon fashion designers and whether fashion designers should be considered artists, but relatively little has been written about avant-garde artists who created designs for clothing. Radu Stern has assembled an interesting set of materials about European ar...
Culture and Globalization: Theoretical Models and Emerging Trends, Diana Crane Part I. Cultural Policy and National Cultures: Preserving Tradition and Resisting Media Imperialism Subsidizing the Arts: Government and the Arts in Western Europe and the United States, Stefan Toepler and Annette Zimmer Building National Prestige: Japanese Cultural Poli...
It has long been said that clothes make the man (or woman), but is it still true today? If so, how has the information clothes convey changed over the years? Using a wide range of historical and contemporary materials, Diana Crane demonstrates how the social significance of clothing has been transformed. Crane compares nineteenth-century societiesâ...
Large-scale diffusion processes such as those affecting fashionable clothing are difficult to study systematically. This article assesses the relevance of top-down as compared to bottom-up models of diffusion for fashion. Changes in the relationships between fashion organizations and their publics have affected what is diffused, how it is diffused,...
Women's responses in the context of focus groups to fashion photographs and clothing advertisements in Vogue magazine and to a brief questionnaire eliciting their attitudes toward clothing and fashion are used to examine the nature and extent of hegemonic influences in fashion. Participants' sources of information about fashion suggest that the aut...
Women's responses in the context of focus groups to fashion photographs and clothing advertisements in Vogue magazine and to a brief questionnaire eliciting their attitudes toward clothing and fashion are used to examine the nature and extent of hegemonic influences in fashion. Participants' sources of information about fashion suggest that the aut...
This article examines the meaning of an `alternative' style of dress for women in the nineteenth century that incorporated items of men's clothing in combination with items of fashionable women's clothing. Components of the alternative style included ties, men's hats, and suit jackets. This alternative style was primarily adopted by unmarried women...
According to production of culture theory, small organizations are more likely to produce innovative cultural products than large organizations; large organizations constitute oligopolies that control their markets and remain innovative by coopting smaller organizations, along with their creative talent. A study of the French luxury fashion market...
Modernism/Modernity 4.3 (1997) 123-140
In intellectual circles today, it is fashionable to argue that modernism and its counterpart, avant-gardism, as the dominant "world views" that influenced the nature of style for most of the twentieth century, have been replaced by postmodernism, not only in the arts but in popular culture. According to a Fren...
The abstract for this document is available on CSA Illumina.To view the Abstract, click the Abstract button above the document title.
With the rise of Abstract Expressionism, New York City became the acknowledged center of the avant-garde. Diana Crane documents the transformation of the New York art world between 1940 and 1985, both in the artistic styles that emerged during this period and the expansion of the number and types of institutions that purchased and displayed various...
An exploratory study of the characteristics of paradigms in theoretical high energy physics indicates that: (1) the four elements of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions — symbolic generalizations (fundamental principles), metaphysical paradigms (heuristic models), values for evaluating theories (breadth, testability, elegance, consistency with...
The technique of co-citation cluster analysis is applied to a special three-year (1972–1974) file of theSocial Sciences Citation Index. An algorithm is devised for identifying clusters which belong to a discipline based on the percentage of source documents which appear in a disciplinary journal set. Clusters in three disciplines (economics, sociol...
In response to the problems of coping with chronic disease, physicians are moving toward a social defini tion of life, that is, towards defining an individual as being alive if he is capable of performing his social roles, rather than if he simply meets physical criteria for life. A study of how physicians in four medical specialties say they would...
The recent literature on the role of science and technology in developing countries is reviewed in order to assess the extent of our current knowledge concerning the sociological factors affecting the development of indigenous scientific and technological innovations. Existing studies provide some preliminary evidence in favor of the hypothesis tha...
A questionnaire survey shows that physicians in four medical specialties evaluate chronically and terminally ill patients not only in terms of the physiological aspects of illness but also in terms of the extent to which they are capable of interacting with others. A patient's potential capacity to perform his social roles depends upon his "salvage...
A questionnaire survey shows that physicians in four medical specialties evaluate chronically and terminally ill patients not only in terms of the physiological aspects of illness but also in terms of the extent to which they are capable of interacting with others. A patient's potential capacity to perform his social roles depends upon his "salvage...
It is possible that growing public concern reflects an increasing desire by individuals to control their own lives (and deaths) and increasing unwillingness to accept unquestionably the physician's judgment. If they are to exercise their rights in a meaningful fashion, patients and families alike will have to educate themselves in advance about the...
BASIC science is an inherently international activity. Its principal goal is the production of new knowledge which is evaluated according to universal standards.' In terms of membership and goals scientific communities have been international since their emergence during the seventeenth century. Basic science today consists of hundreds of research...
This study examines the characteristics of faculty who joined the top twenty departments in six disciplines between 1963 and 1966 in order to evaluate the relative importance of prestige of doctoral origing and scholarly performance in the selection for a position in these departments. While there is a weak relationship between rank of doctorate an...
Argues that the elements of reward systems are the same in the arts, sciences, and religion despite the fact that several types of reward systems can be identified in these 3 institutions which have different consequences for the production of innovations. Types of reward systems, the impact of reward systems on innovation, and shifts from one type...
For the sociologist, human experimentation represents a problem of social control. In other words, how can members of a powerful profes-sion, medicine, be induced to take into con-sideration the needs and rights of its experi-mental subjects who are neither organized to defend their rights nor even particularly aware of what their rights are in the...
The existence of social organization within a research area may be inferred (a) if scientists who have published in the area have more social ties with one another than with scientists who have not published, and (b) if scientists who have published in the area can be differentiated by degree of social participation within the area. Using a mail qu...
Although scientists generally consider fashion, which they define as the selection of problems on the basis of non-scientific criteria, as a form of deviance, it is not necessary to postulate deviant motives on the part of the scientist in order to interpret the phenomenon of fashion in science. The phenomenon of rapid acceptance of scientific info...
In order to find out if the factors affecting the diffusion of innovations in science are similar to those which have been found in studies of other types of innovations, variables contained in all publications appearing during a twenty-five year period in a research problem area in sociology were analyzed. It was found that about a third of the in...
Although a prestigeful occupation may be relatively open to lower class recruits, success may not be equally available to all, regardless of social class origin. Using the academic profession as an example of a prestigeful occupation, a secondary analysis of samples of university professors and recent recipients of doctorates in the arts and scienc...
The abstract for this document is available on CSA Illumina.To view the Abstract, click the Abstract button above the document title.
Scientists at major schools are more likely to be productive and to win recognition than scientists at minor universities, which suggests that universities provide different environments for scientific research. Indices of productivity and recognition that differentiate between major and minor publications and major and minor honors were applied to...
