Dharmendra Singh Rawat

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• D.Phil.
• Professor (Assistant) at Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology

Leucosceptrum canum, a rare Himalayan plant, shows significant bioactive properties, with its nematicidal potential investigated here for the first time. This study isolated and characterized flavonoids from L. canum, assessing their efficacy against the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Bioassay-guided fractionation identified three...

This study includes a comparative investigation to analyze the phytochemical composition, nematicidal efficacy, in vitro AChE inhibitory activity, and molecular docking study of Leucosceptrum canum. (LC) extracts. Various polarity solvent extracts including hexane (LCHE), dichloromethane (LCDE), and methanol (LCME) were prepared from LC aerial part...

Hedychium flavescens is recognized for its medicinal and pesticidal potential, yet its comprehensive phyto-chemical profile and bioactivity against nematodes remain underexplored. This study offers a comparative analysis of the chemical composition, nematicidal activity and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition of essential oils (EOs) and extracts...

Identification of plants is necessary before diving into their ecological and economic significance. Plant experts and botanists typically rely on traditional methods to identify plants, focusing on collecting, preserving, and studying distinctive characteristics of different plant parts. Plant identification by their leaves is easier than by their...

This study investigates the phytochemical profiles and pesticidal activities of various Elsholtzia species, including E. ciliata, E. flava, E. fruticosa, and E. eriostachya, to discover their bioactive potential for sustainable pest management. Through comparative phytochemical analysis using GC‐MS technique, key compounds in the essential oils wer...

Vestiture type and trichome morphology in Tribe Cercideae Bronn show its Taxonomic implications and agree with the current separation of two genera i.e. Bauhinia and Phanera.

This study aimed to assess the chemical composition and pesticidal activities of essential oils (EOs) from Cautleya spicata rhizomes and aerial parts. The EOs were assessed against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) by mortality and hatchability bioassays and the phytotoxicity of the EOs was determined against Raphanus raphanistrum subspp....

The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the phytochemical composition and biological properties of indigenous wild edible fruits that grow in the Uttarakhand Himalayas in India. Plant extracts were prepared employing the cold percolation method in both nonpolar and polar solvents, i.e., hexane and methanol. Subsequent GC-MS analysis of the...

Leucosceptrum canum Sm., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is a colorful, aromatic woody plant renowned for its nectar production. Extensive phytochemical research over the years has led to the identification of numerous chemical constituents within L. canum, particularly highlighting diterpenoids and sesterterpenoids as its characteristic compoun...

The Herbarium Handbook published by Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is a reputed resource for herbarium techniques. The recent iteration of this title was published in 2023 which is reviewed here.

Essential oils work synergistically to mitigate pathogenic impact of Meloidogyne incognita, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia rolfsii, Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, https://doi. Abstract The phytochemical analysis and potential synergistic interactions between the essential oils (EOs) of Vitex negundo L. Piper longum L. and Vitex ag...

Picrorhiza kurroa, traditional Himalayan herb popularly known as kutki, had been emerged now as the most promising plant for National/ International trade commodity. Excessive usages of this particular herb in various formulations made it vulnerable. Thus, its propagation through micro/macro propagation methods for its further better conservation h...

Protologues/details of previous works are written unaltered in standard taxonomic patterns of writing a document. It may be taken as plagiarism by plagiarism detection tools and sometimes may cross permissible limits. We need specific rules, experts of this field in Institutional Academic Integrity Panel, and appropriate plagiarism detection tools...

The paper focuses on the biological activities of polar and non-polar extracts made from the aerial part of the plant Anaphalis margaritacea that was further chemically characterized. Both extracts’ constituent components were identified by their GC-MS profiles. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic and hexane extracts w...

Plant extracts are considered as a promising alternative to chemical pest control agents. The chemistry of plant extracts varies with several environmental as well as geographical factors. Zingiber roseum (Roxb.) Roscoe also known as "Rosy Ginger" and "Jangli Adrak" is one of the most important aromatic and medicinal plant of family Zingiberaceae....

The plant Artemesia nilagirica, collected from the terrain of the Himalayan region in Uttarakhand, India, was evaluated for its phytochemical composition, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. The different polarity extracts of the plant were prepared and subjected to GC-MS analysis for their phytochemical composition. Twenty-six c...

The objective of the present study was to examine the chemical compositions of Salvia coccinea oleoresins prepared in methanol and petroleum ether. GC-MS analysis of Salvia coccinea methanolic oleoresin (SCMO) and Salvia coccinea ether oleoresin (SCEO) resulted in the identification of 15 and 12 constituents, comprising 84.7 and 81.2% of the total...

The medicinal traits of Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl. have been used in traditional and folklore medicinal system, however, scientific evaluation of such medicinal plants have not been much explored yet. Different solvent extracts of the whole plant of C. macrophylla from the Himalayan region are the key subject of interest to evaluate and exhibit t...

Micromeria biflora Benth. (Lamiaceae) is an important medicinal herb used widely for treating the ailments like nose bleeds, toothaches, wounds, and sinusitis. The essential oil (EO) of Micromeria biflora collected from Bageshwar, Uttarakhand in India was examined by GC and GC/MS, which contributed 97.1% of the total essential oil. The EO was found...

Te objective of the current study was to evaluate the altitudinal variability in chemical compounds, nematicidal, insecticidal, herbicidal, and antifungal activity of the essential oils of H. coronarium collected from four diferent habitats of Tarai and Kumaun region of Uttarakhand. Essential oils were hydro-distilled from rhizomes of H. coronarium...

Background: Alpinia malaccensis, commonly known as "Malacca ginger" and "Rankihiriya," is an important medicinal plant of Zingiberaceae. It is native to Indonesia and Malaysia and widely distributed in countries including Northeast India, China, Peninsular Malaysia and Java. Due to vide pharmacological values, it is necessary to recognize this spe...

The aim of present study was to investigate the phytochemical analysis and biological activities of the essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum L. and Ocimum sanctum L. The GC-MS analysis of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil (OGEO) and Ocimum sanctum essential oil (OSEO) comprised 97.3% and 95.9% of the total compositions respectively, with phenylpropa...

The current study describes the analysis of the phytochemical composition and biological activities of various polarity extracts of the Anaphalis busua plant that was collected at an altitude of 1654 m in the Himalayan terrain of Uttarakhand, India. The extracts were prepared by the cold percolation method, which was then subjected to GC-MS for phy...

The objectives of the present study were to investigate the phytochemical composition of essential oils (EO) from rhizomes of Acorus calamus collected from Jorhat, Assam; Munsyari and Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. EOs were studied for different pesticidal activities viz; nematicidal, insecticidal, and herbicidal activity. To study the synergistic...

Fabaceae Lindl. is commonly called bean or legume family. Pantnagar is a small Tarai land area of ca. 51 km 2 near Himalayan foot hills in Kumaun region of Uttarakhand. Plant specimens of family Fabaceae were collected from different localities of the study area. Results show that in Pantnagar, Fabaceae is represented by 130 species and 3 subspecie...

Medicinal and aromatic plants are known to have a number of biologically active compounds. Since ancient times, such plants have been used in ethnopharmacology. A number of medicines have been developed from plant origin by researchers and Researchers continue to be interested in plant-based medicines.. Zingiberaceae is a well-known plant family fo...

Objective: High structural diversity of trichomes in the members of family Fabaceae Lindl. has been a subject of study from decades. The present study was aimed to study structural diversity of trichomes in Power Puff Tree (Calliandra haematocephala,Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae) a pan-tropical ornamental tree. Methods: Plant specimens were collected...

Globba sessilifora Sims is an aromatic rhizomatous herb of family Zingiberaceae which is endemic to Peninsular India. Tis study frst reports the phytochemical profle and pesticidal potential of oleoresins obtained from the aerial and rhizome parts of Globba sessilifora Sims. Te oleoresins were prepared by the cold percolation method and were analyz...

This study was aimed to explore the chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil from aerial part of Mosla dianthera along with its major isolated compound, carvone. The hydro-distilled essential oil was analysed by GC-MS and biological activities were investigated in terms of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, herbicidal, antibacte...

Encompassing 1.69% land area of India, Uttarakhand State sustains more than 25% species of flowering plants of India reflecting richness of flora. Large numbers of species in the state are threatened and several sources have come up with their own lists of threatened species using different threat categories leading to ambiguity. This communication...

Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig belongs to the family Zingiberaceae, generally known as butterfly ginger, butterfly lily, cinnamon jasmine, garland flower and ginger lily. It is a medicinal plant grown throughout India, Southeast Asian countries, China, Japan, and Brazil. Traditionally, it is used as a febrifuge, tonic, anti-rheumatic, used to treat...

The objective of this study was to assess the nematicidal, insecticidal, antifungal, and antibacterial potential in Ajuga parviflora Benth butanol extract (APBE). The GC-MS analysis of the extract resulted in the identification of over 32 constituents, comprising 81.7% of the total composition of which glycerol (15.8%), 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanat...

Nepeta hindostana, commonly known as the North Indian Catmint, is an important Indian aromatic and medicinal plant of family Lamiaceae. Its leaves are extensively used as cardiac tonic and gargle to cure sore throat in the form of extract or decoction. However, there are few reports on the chemical composition and biological activities of leaf esse...

Objective: Regular assessment of invasive species is essential to understand the status of flora in any area. The current study is the result of a floristic survey of wild dicotyledonous angiospermic plants of Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. Methods: For the study, field surveys were conducted from the year 2016-2022. Plant specimens were collected,...

A comparative study of volatiles, antioxidant activity, phytotoxic activity, as well as in silico molecular docking and ADMET study, was conducted for essential oils from three Vitex species, viz., V. agnus-castus, V. negundo, and V. trifolia. Essential oils (OEs) extracted by hydrodistillation were subjected to compositional analysis using GC-MS....

The aim of present study was to evaluate chemical composition and different biological activities viz., pharmacological and antioxidant activities of essential oils. The chemical composition of essential oils was determined by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry while biological activities were evaluated by standard protocols. Essential oils of H...

This research assessed the seasonal variation in the chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils extracted from Thymus linearis Benth. in rainy season and winter season. The essential oil highest yield was recorded in the rainy season. The oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Thymol was the marker component in both oils with...

Background The Himalayan region has been reported as rich accumulation of natural wealth, particularly of aromatic and medicinal plants. Indian Ajuga species (Ajuga brachystemon, Ajuga integrifolia, Ajuga macrosperma and Ajuga parviflora) belonging to Lamiaceae family have been reported from different parts of Uttarakhand. Phytochemical studies rev...

The aim of the study was to compare the chemical composition and biological activities of Coleus barbatus aerial part essential oil (CBAEO) and Coleus barbatus root part essential oil (CBREO). The hydrodistilled essential oils (EOs) were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and biological activities were investigated in terms of...

In the present study leaf venation types of 30 Saxifraga L. species, found in Indian Western Himalaya, were studied. Out of these, leaf venation patterns of 20 species were not previously studied. In total, five major types of leaf venations- acrodomous (perfect-basal; perfect-suprabasal; imperfect-suprabasal), camptodromous (eucamptodromous), camp...

Background & Aim: In traditional medicine system, Nepeta species are widely used to reduce chicken pox, tuberculosis, malaria, pneumonia, influenza, measles, stomach disorders, eye complaints, respiratory disorders, asthma, colds, coughs etc. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the chemical composition and biological activities of the esse...

Orobanche cumana Wallroth, collected from lower Kullu Valley of Himachal Pradesh in Western Himalaya, is reported here as a new record for the flora of India with Artemisia japonica Thunberg as a host recorded for the first time. This is a distinct species widely distributed from Eastern Europe to Siberia and Western and Northern China but yet unre...

DOI: 10.15835/nsb13110809 Saponaria officinalis is an important medicinal plant cultivated in different parts of the globe for its beautiful flowers. Species is commonly known as soapwort. Central Europe is considered as native place for the species and has been introduced in Northern Asia, West Asia, Northern Europe and America. Plant of the spe...

The objectives of this research were to investigate the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Ethyl Acetate Root Extract of Ardisia solanacea Roxb. (EREAS) and estimation of its biological activities. Phytochemical screening of EREAS showed the abundance of total phenolics, flavanoids, ortho-dihydric phenols, alkaloids, diterpenes and triterpene...

Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke (Malvaceae) (M. coromandelianum) is an invasive alien weed distributed globally in tropics, subtropics, and utilized by diverse ethnic groups of tribal populations as a conventional drug against manifold disorders in multifarious forms like powder, paste, infusion, etc. However, the phytopharmacological data a...

Present research reports chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory insect anti-feedant, and sprout suppressant activity in essential oil from aerial parts of Cotinus coggygria Scop. (syn. Rhus cotinus) growing widely in Uttarakhand, Himalaya. C. coggygria Scop. is commonly known as ‘smoke tree’ or ‘smoke bush’ due to its flowers those gi...

Silene incurvifolia Kar. & Kir., collected from Hanuman Chatti area of Chamoli, Uttarakhand, after critical study was found to be a new record for India. It is being described along with illustration, photograph and identification key.

Image comparison is a convenient and quick method of plant identification, however, essentially requires databases of authentically identified images of plants. Eflorapantnagar is an open online database of flowering plants of G.B. Pant University Pantnagar campus area containing identified images of 428 flowering plant species belonging to 308 gen...

The methanolic and chloroform extracts of leaves and bark of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. were evaluated for their phytochemical analysis and biological activities. In phytochemical analysis, fargsin was identified as major constituent in leaves methanolic and leaves chloroform extracts. t-butylamine and benzoxazole, 2-(isobutylamino) were identified as...

Information about trichomes diversity and distribution of the family Caryophyllaceae is rare and the present work is intended to fill this knowledge lacuna. In the present work 62 taxa belonging to 19 genera were studied. For the analysis of trichomes diversity and vestiture type, dried plant specimens were rehydrated with water. The final illustra...

Zingiber chrysanthum Roscoe is a traditional medicinal plant species sparsely occurring in Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, Uttarakhand. Seeds of this species were collected from wild populations and essential oil was extracted. This essential oil was phytochemically analyzed by GC/MS and various biological activities viz: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, an...

Zingiber chrysanthum Roscoe is a traditional medicinal plant species sparsely occurring in Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, Uttarakhand. Seeds of this species were collected from wild populations and essential oil was extracted. This essential oil was phytochemically analyzed by GC/MS and various biological activities viz: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, an...

Medicinal plants are the important element of indigenous medical systems in all over the world. Over the centuries societies around the world have developed their own tradition to make sense of medicinal plants and their uses. Mosla dianthera (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Maxim. is an important medicinal plant of the family Lamiaceae. The aerial part of th...

Odontostemma balfouriana (W.W.Sm.) Satish Chandra & D.S.Rawat is recorded here as a new record for the flora of India. Surprisingly, the species (previously known as Arenaria balfouriana W.W.Sm.) was erroneously considered to be a synonym of Stellaria depauperata Edgew. After examining protologues, fresh specimens and herbarium specimens housed in...

Chemical composition, biological activities and antioxidant activity of Salvia reflexa (Lamiaceae) was studied. Essential oil of this species show strong antifeedant and antifungal activity.

Essential oils have been used traditionally as herbal medicine in various ailments and can be used as a strong alternative to chemical pesticides. The yield of essential oil from Hedychium spicatum Sm. was 0.9 mg kg −1 regarding its fresh weight. The essential oil was then subjected to column chromatography for separation into polar ethyl acetate a...

Abstract Background and Objective: The lamiaceae Martinov or Labiatae de Juss. is the large family of flowering plants, commonly known as the mint or deadnettle family. Salvia reflexa Hornem. is the important medicinal plant of this family. The objectives of this study were to determine the essential oil composition of the aerial part of the plant...

Mosla dianthera Maxim. is an annual aromatic plant of family Lamiaceae used in traditional medicine and as spice in foods. The present study is on the investigation of chemical compositions, biochemical assay, antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of the chloroform extract of Mosla dianthera. The GC-MS analysis led to identification...

Zanthoxylum armatum DC. is a medicinally important deciduous shrub belonging to the family Rutaceae, which is widely distributed in Eastern and South Eastern Asia. The aim of the present study was to assess the chemical composition of essential oil of bark of Z. armatum collected from three different altitudes of Kumaun region, Uttarakhand, India,...

Zanthoxylum armatum DC. is a medicinally important deciduous shrub belonging to the family Rutaceae, which is widely distributed in Eastern and South Eastern Asia. The aim of the present study was to assess the chemical composition of essential oil of bark of Z. armatum collected from three different altitudes of Kumaun region, Uttarakhand, India,...

Trichomes are present in all species of Saxifraga L. barring few exceptions. In present study trichomes of 27 species, (among which 14 species not studied earlier), occurring in Indian Western Himalaya were examined and their distribution on plant parts was recorded. Eight types of trichomes were recognized. Among the all plant parts, trichomes are...

The communication discusses major changes in the new version of APG classification and its adoption in India. APG IV has further stabilized with addition of 2 informal groups, 5 new orders, 10 new families, re-circumscription of 20 earlier families and reduction in number of unplaced taxa. A comparison of APG versions with 4 recent individual class...

Clitoria ternatea is a perennial herb of India which is reported to possess several therapeutic properties. It is also found in China, Philippines and Madagascar. It is a vigorous, persistent, herbaceous perennial legume. Most of the plant parts are reported to possess therapeutic properties. In the traditional system of medicine, Clitoria ternatea...

Specimens of rare species Gentiana infelix were collected from Kedarnath area. D detailed description and diagrams with earlier collection history are provided in the article.

The presentation is about the "eflorapantnagar" which is designed and developed by the author for the students who wish to identify their plants collected from Pantnagar (India) area.

The species Stellaria umbellata is reported as a new record for the western Himalayan flora. Critical examination of the species in nature, Indian herbaria, online herbaria and protologue confirmed its identity as Stellaria umbellata. Earlier, it was erroneously identified in the western Himalaya as Stellaria subumbellata or Holosteum umbellatum. T...

Three names in Stellaria, viz., S. semivestita Edgew., S. subumbellata Edgew. and S. webbiana (Benth. ex G. Don) Edgew. & Hook.f. are lectotypified here.

The species Stellaria umbellata is reported as a new record for the western Himalayan flora. Critical examination of the species in nature, Indian herbaria, online herbaria and protologue confirmed its identity as Stellaria umbellata. Earlier, it was erroneously identified in the western Himalaya as Stellaria subumbellata or Holosteum umbellatum. T...

Silene nigrescens has been re-collected after a gap of 130 years from Pangarchulla area of District Chamoli, Uttarakhand, India. This species was earlier collected by J.F. Duthie from the above-mentioned location in 1885. On the basis of J.F. Duthie’s collection this species is known from only two localities (Pangarchula area and Nila valley) in we...

Three new combinations under the genus Shivparvatia are proposed here to solve taxonomic ambiguity in the genus Arenaria sensu lato. The species Arenaria melandryiformis, Arenaria monantha and Arenaria melandryoides were previously transferred to the genus Odontostemma. The present work is aimed to solve this ambiguity.

On the basis of recent molecular studies (e.g., Harbaugh et al. 2010, Greenberg & Donoghue 2011, Dillenberger & Kadereit 2014, Sadeghian et al. 2015), the genus Arenaria Linnaeus (1753: 423), as traditionally circumscribed, cannot be manteined, and 4 genera are currently recognized: Eremogone Fenzl (1833: 13) [≡ Arenaria subg. Eremogone (Fenzl) Fen...

Food is the first requirement for human being. In modern era, packaged foods are becoming a popular practice. For long-term sustainability of the natural qualities of foods, various food preservatives are used in packaged foods. A novel food preservative should have qualities to protect and save the foods from oxidative deterioration, spoilage, and...

Mint is a herbaceous plant of the family Lamiaceae. It is distributed worldwide. The herb as a whole, its essential oils, or major chemical constituents are used for their flavor in various types of foods, confectionary, food preservatives, and antimicrobial agents to control the food-borne pathogens besides their usage in cosmetics and healthcare....

Gentiana saginoides Burkill (Gentianaceae) was described by Burkill in 1906 based on a collection from Sunderdhunga, Uttarakhand by T. Anderson in 1857. The species was not collected after its type collection despite attempts by several workers in the past. A field survey in and around the type locality was conducted in June 2012 and the species wa...

Stellaria webbiana is a Himalayan endemic herb, distributed in Central and Western Himalaya. The present study is based on the morphological properties, anatomical properties and seed microstructure of the species. Number of valves in mature fruit, anatomical properties, stomata type, trichomes, seed microstructure and Western most limit of the spe...

Dianthus caryophyllus L. (carnation) is an important cut flower in trade. This plant traditionally used in China, Japan and Korea in the treatment of wounds and gastro-intestinal disorder and various other ailments. In recent pharmacological studies plant tested for anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and anti-insecticide activities. K...

The herb Drymaria villosa is reported first time from Western Himalaya. This species is morphologically similar to Drymaria cordata ssp. diandra but can be distinguished by its delicate individuals, villous vestiture, orbicular to reniform leaves, auriculate oblong bifid petals and numerous reniform seeds. Present collection of species represent we...

Stellaria congestiflora H. Hara (Caryophyllaceae) is an endemic herb found in alpine zones of Tibet and Himalayan regions. The species was described by Hara (1977) from Taglung, South of Tukucha, Kali Gandaki, Nepal and known to be common near the base of Mount Everest, Nepal. Globally the species has been recorded in Xizang area (Tibet) China, Bhu...

Several species of the family Caryophyllaceae are widely used by many ethnic communities as traditional medicine throughout the world. The highest numbers of plants of the family are used in Chinese traditional medicine. The ethnopharmacologial studies of this family indicated that plants of the family possess anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-cance...

Botanical explorations in different parts of Uttarakhand resulted in collection of seven angiosperm species which were not known previously from the state. These are described here with images of live plants and herbarium specimens.

Dipcadi reidii Deb and S. Dasgupta was presumed extinct species in Red Data Book of Indian Plants and other literature that followed. A botanical exploration to its type locality at Malipa, Kali valley, Eastern Kumaon (Uttarakhand) during July, 2013 resulted in its recollection after a lapse of 127 years.

Saxifraga minutissima D.S.Rawat, a new and extremely small species of Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae), is described from the Garhwal Himalaya, India. It differs from all other species of Saxifraga, except Saxifraga bicuspidata, in having five stamens and lacking petals. It can be distinguished from Saxifraga bicuspidata in having leaves and sepals entire...