Derek Abbott

Derek Abbott
University of Adelaide · School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

PhD

About

1,207
Publications
986,753
Reads
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29,065
Citations
Introduction
http://scholar.google.com.au/citations?user=vqD_0uQAAAAJ Derek Abbott is a full professor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Adelaide, Australia. He is a Fellow of the IEEE. His interests are in the exploitation of multidisciplinary engineering and physics in the areas of complex systems, photonics, and biomedicine. He is also interested in energy policy.
Additional affiliations
January 1987 - present
University of Adelaide
Position
  • Professor (Full)
January 1986 - January 1987
Austek MIcrosystems
Position
  • VLSI Analog Design Engineer
January 1978 - January 1986
GEC Hirst Research Centre
Position
  • Engineer
Education
January 1989 - January 1997
University of Adelaide
Field of study
  • Electrical & Electronic Engineering
January 1979 - January 1982
Loughborough University
Field of study
  • Physics

Publications

Publications (1,207)
Article
Full-text available
The nature of the relationship between mathematics and the physical world has been a source of debate since the era of the Pythagoreans. A school of thought, reflecting the ideas of Plato, is that mathematics has its own existence. Flowing from this position is the notion that mathematical forms underpin the physical universe and are out there wait...
Article
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Could nuclear power be rapidly expanded on a global scale? There are a number of practical limiting factors, including site availability and acceptability, nuclear waste disposal issues, and the risks of accidents and proliferation. But there are also a variety of resource limitations. One particular resource limitation that has not been clearly ar...
Article
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Metamaterials are artificial composites that acquire their electromagnetic properties from embedded subwavelength metallic structures. In theory, the effective electromagnetic properties of metamaterials at any frequency can be engineered to take on arbitrary values, including those not appearing in nature. As a result, this new class of materials...
Article
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In 2008, researchers at HP Labs published a paper in {\it Nature} reporting the realisation of a new basic circuit element that completes the missing link between charge and flux-linkage, which was postulated by Leon Chua in 1971. The HP memristor is based on a nanometer scale TiO$_2$ thin-film, containing a doped region and an undoped region. Furt...
Article
In a game of chess, pieces can sometimes be sacrificed in order to win the overall game. Similarly, engineers know that two unstable systems, if combined in the right way, can paradoxically become stable. But can two losing gambling games be set up such that, when they are played one after the other, they becoming winning? The answer is yes. This i...
Article
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This study explores the efficacy of our novel and personalized brain–computer interface (BCI) therapy, in enhancing hand movement recovery among stroke survivors. Stroke often results in impaired motor function, posing significant challenges in daily activities and leading to considerable societal and economic burdens. Traditional physical and occu...
Article
Incorporating additive noise components to an ensemble of McCulloch-Pitts neurons can enhance the information representation of the input, asymptotically approaching the average firing probability for large enough ensembles. We further multiply the input by the average firing probability to control the higher probability of self-gating, thereby for...
Article
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Hypercomplex signal and image processing extends upon conventional methods by using hypercomplex numbers in a unified framework for algebra and geometry. The special issue is divided into two parts and is focused on current advances and applications in computational signal and image processing in the hypercomplex domain. The first part offered well...
Article
Transitioning from a fossil-fuel-dependent economy to one based on renewable energy requires significant investment and technological advancement. While wind and solar technologies provide lower cost electricity, enhanced energy storage and transmission infrastructure come at a cost for managing renewable intermittency. Energy storage systems vary...
Article
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Novel computational signal and image analysis methodologies based on feature-rich mathematical/computational frameworks continue to push the limits of the technological envelope, thus providing optimized and efficient solutions. Hypercomplex signal and image processing is a fascinating field that extends conventional methods by using hypercomplex n...
Article
Deep learning models with backdoors act maliciously when triggered but seem normal otherwise. This risk, often increased by model outsourcing, challenges their secure use. Although countermeasures exist, their defense against adaptive attacks is under-examined, possibly leading to security misjudgments. This study is the first intricate examination...
Article
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One of the significant challenges in renewable integration is balancing supply and demand. The variability in generation and demand forces the grid to experience significant market price volatility. Moreover, electricity curtailment is adhered to during low-demand periods. Hydrogen Energy storage systems (HESS) can provide power dispatch flexibilit...
Article
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The motivation for the development of multi-exit networks (MENs) lies in the desire to minimize the delay and energy consumption associated with the inference phase. Moreover, MENs are designed to expedite predictions for easily identifiable inputs by allowing them to exit the network prematurely, thereby reducing the computational burden due to ch...
Article
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We present a new framework for creating a quantum version of a classical game, based on Fine’s theorem. This theorem shows that for a given set of marginals, a system of Bell’s inequalities constitutes both necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the corresponding joint probability distribution. Using Fine’s theorem, we reexpress b...
Article
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In laser science and industry, considerable effort is directed toward designing fibers for fiber laser and fiber amplifier applications, each of which offers a particular advantage over the others. Evanescently coupled multicore fibers, however, have been studied less extensively due to the relatively small mode area in the single-mode regime. Here...
Preprint
Full-text available
Image camouflage has been utilized to create clean-label poisoned images for implanting backdoor into a DL model. But there exists a crucial limitation that one attack/poisoned image can only fit a single input size of the DL model, which greatly increases its attack budget when attacking multiple commonly adopted input sizes of DL models. This wor...
Article
To improve the modeling resilience of silicon strong physical unclonable functions (PUFs), in particular, the APUFs that yield a very large number of challenge-response pairs (CRPs), a number of composited APUF variants, such as XOR-APUF, interpose-PUF (iPUF), feed-forward APUF (FF-APUF), and OAX-APUF, have been devised. When examining their securi...
Article
Full-text available
The study of optical resonators is of significant importance in terms of their ability to confine light in optical devices. A major drawback of optical resonators is the phenomenon of light emission due to their limited capacity for light confinement. Bound states in the continuum are gaining significant attention in the realization of optical devi...
Article
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The four dimensional spacetime continuum, as first conceived by Minkowski, has become the dominant framework within which to describe physical laws. In this paper, we show how this four-dimensional structure is a natural property of physical three-dimensional space, if modeled with Clifford geometric algebra $ C\ell(\Re^3) $. We find that Minkowsk...
Preprint
We present an innovative scheme for obtaining the quantum version of a classical game based on Fine's theorem. This theorem stipulates that for a given set of marginals, a set of Bell's inequalities form both necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a joint probability distribution to be obtained from the set of marginals. Using Fin...
Article
Police distributed a photograph, but no one came forward to claim the body. Eyewitnesses reported having seen the man, whom the newspapers dubbed the Somerton Man and who appeared to be in his early 40s, lying on the beach earlier, perhaps at one point moving his arm, and had concluded that he was drunk. The place of death led the police to treat t...
Article
Full-text available
A novel miniaturized microstrip low pass filter (LPF) with a wide stopband and sharp roll-off is presented. The designed filter is developed by realizing a T-shaped structure loaded with a stub as a resonator and open-stubs as suppressor cells to achieve a simple structure for ease of fabrication process. The new filter with a symmetrical structure...
Article
This work reveals that standard quantization toolkits can be abused to activate a backdoor. We demonstrate that a full-precision backdoored model which does not have any backdoor effect in the presence of a trigger—as the backdoor is dormant—can be activated by (i) TensorFlow-Lite (TFLite) quantization, the only product-ready quantization framewo...
Article
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Ten years ago, the electrical and electronic engineering and computer science landscape was profoundly different than it is today. The Internet of Things was just emerging, wireless power transfer was in its infancy, and artificial intelligence tools were not yet able to write coherent essays or create convincing deep fake images, but the seeds of...
Article
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Energy storage is crucial for grids with high renewable penetration to ensure reliable power supply during low renewable generation periods and address the intermittency associated with weather-dependent resources. However, sizing grid-scale storage is challenging due to its interdependence on renewable generation and load profiles. This paper inve...
Article
To mitigate recent insidious backdoor attacks on deep learning models, advances have been made by the research community. Nonetheless, state-of-the-art defenses are either limited to specific backdoor attacks (i.e., source-agnostic attacks) or non-user-friendly in that machine learning expertise and/or expensive computing resources are required. Th...
Article
Full-text available
Background Robust and accurate risk prediction models are much needed in cardiovascular disease. It is well-known that mental health is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. It is unknown whether mental health markers can enhance existing risk prediction models for cardiovascular disease. Purpose The main purpose of this s...
Article
Full-text available
Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) is a degenerative joint disease that leads to the progressive destruction of subchondral bone and cartilage at the hip joint. Development of effective treatments for HOA remains an open problem, primarily due to the lack of knowledge of its pathogenesis and a typically late-stage diagnosis. We describe a novel network analy...
Article
For linearly estimating the input signal, the optimization of suprathreshold stochastic resonance in an array of N parallel M-ary quantizers is theoretically investigated. We first prove that the mean square error (MSE) of the designed quantizer-array is a convex functional with respect to the cumulative probability function (CDF) of the added nois...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background Robust and accurate prediction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk facilitates early intervention to benefit patients. It is well-known that mental disorders and CVD are interrelated. Nevertheless, psychological factors are not considered in existing models, which use either a limited number of clinical and lifestyle factors, or have be...
Article
Full-text available
Digital realization of neuron models, especially implementation on a field programmable gate array (FPGA), is one of the key objectives of neuromorphic research, because the effective hardware realization of the biological neural networks plays a crucial role in implementing the behaviors of the brain for future applications. In this paper, a hybri...
Article
Background Robust and accurate risk prediction models are much needed in cardiovascular disease. It is well-known that mental health is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. It is unknown whether mental health markers can enhance existing risk prediction models for cardiovascular disease. Purpose The main purpose of this s...
Conference Paper
The nonparametric phase curvature algorithm (PCA) is commonly used to estimate residual motion error in stripmap SAR. The algorithm is capable of estimating second and higher order errors, as well as high frequency errors. However, its dependence on dominant scatterers restricts its application to a wide variety of scenes. Such a limitation is enco...
Preprint
Object detection is the foundation of various critical computer-vision tasks such as segmentation, object tracking, and event detection. To train an object detector with satisfactory accuracy, a large amount of data is required. However, due to the intensive workforce involved with annotating large datasets, such a data curation task is often outso...
Article
Full-text available
Optical phase change materials (O-PCMs) are emerging as promising active materials for exploitation in silicon photonics platforms, due to their compatibility with CMOS fabrication technology and the tunability of their optical characteristics via external excitation. Despite their advantages, O-PCMs suffer from relatively high insertion loss hinde...
Article
Full-text available
A high-performance electro-optic Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) with outstanding characteristics is proposed. The MZM is in a push-pull configuration that is constructed using an ITO/graphene-based silicon waveguide. A novel idea for engineering of the plasma dispersion effect in an ITO/graphene-based waveguide is proposed so that the modulation char...
Preprint
To improve the modeling resilience of silicon strong physical unclonable functions (PUFs), in particular, the APUFs, that yield a very large number of challenge response pairs (CRPs), a number of composited APUF variants such as XOR-APUF, interpose-PUF (iPUF), feed-forward APUF (FF-APUF),and OAX-APUF have been devised. When examining their security...
Preprint
Federated Learning (FL), a distributed machine learning paradigm, has been adapted to mitigate privacy concerns for customers. Despite their appeal, there are various inference attacks that can exploit shared-plaintext model updates to embed traces of customer private information, leading to serious privacy concerns. To alleviate this privacy issue...
Article
Full-text available
Optical phase change materials (O-PCMs) are emerging as promising active materials for exploitation in silicon photonics platforms, due to their compatibility with CMOS fabrication technology and the tunability of their optical characteristics via external excitation. Despite their advantages, O-PCMs suffer from relatively high insertion loss hinde...
Article
Injecting artificial noise into a feedforward threshold neural network allows it to become trainable by gradient-based methods and also enlarges the parameter space as well as the range of synaptic weights. This configuration constitutes a stochastic-resonance-based threshold neural network, where the noise level can adaptively converge to a nonzer...
Article
Wellbore decommissioning is the final stage in the life cycle of any oil or gas well and involves placing acceptable well barriers to seal the wellbore. Operators have the obligation to decommission wells safely once they reach the end of their life. This study explores the prospects of repurposing near-to-decommission wellbores for pipe storage, f...
Article
Full-text available
We propose a scheme for a quantum game based on performing an EPR-type experiment and in which each player's spatial directional choices are considered as their strategies. A classical mixed-strategy game is recovered by restricting the players' choices to specific spatial trajectories. We show that for players' directional choices for which the Be...
Article
Full-text available
We propose a scheme for a quantum game based on performing an EPR-type experiment and in which each player’s spatial directional choices are considered as their strategies. A classical mixed-strategy game is recovered by restricting the players’ choices to specific spatial trajectories. We show that for players’ directional choices for which the Be...
Preprint
Nonlinearity in many systems is heavily dependent on component variation and environmental factors such as temperature. This is often overcome by keeping signals close enough to the device's operating point that it appears approximately linear. But as the signal being measured becomes larger, the deviation from linearity increases, and the device's...
Article
Full-text available
A high-performance electro-absorption optical modulator based on the epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) effect is proposed. The structure consists of a waveguide with a silicon (Si) core over which a stack of graphene/HfO2/graphene/ITO/HfO2/graphene is grown, covered by a Si cladding. An external voltage is applied across the graphene layers to change the car...
Article
Full-text available
Inaccuracies have been reported in pulse oximetry measurements taken from people who identified as Black. Here, we identify substantial ethnic disparities in the population numbers within 12 pulse oximetry databases, which may affect the testing of new oximetry devices and impact patient outcomes. Sinaki et al. highlight ethnic disparities in the p...
Preprint
Full-text available
Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) is a degenerative joint disease that leads to the progressive destruction of subchondral bone and cartilage at the hip joint. Development of effective treatments for HOA remains an open problem, primarily due to the lack of knowledge of its pathogenesis and a typically late-stage diagnosis. We describe a novel network analy...
Article
Threshold neural networks are highly useful in engineering applications due to their ease of hardware implementation and low computational complexity. However, such threshold networks have non-differentiable activation functions and therefore cannot be trained by standard gradient-based algorithms. To circumvent this limitation, here we propose a h...
Article
Full-text available
Self-repair is fundamental to biological neural networks. In the neural network with a large number of elements, the probability of failure of each component increases. With the breakdown of each part, there may be a significant difference in the final results that will be completely affected by this defect. The existence of a process for detecting...
Preprint
Full-text available
Deep learning models have been shown to be vulnerable to recent backdoor attacks. A backdoored model behaves normally for inputs containing no attacker-secretly-chosen trigger and maliciously for inputs with the trigger. To date, backdoor attacks and countermeasures mainly focus on image classification tasks. And most of them are implemented in the...
Conference Paper
Photovoltaic energy from renewable sources is becoming more prevalent nowadays, as part of the process of converting this energy to AC voltage and feeding it into the power grid network, the output voltage or injected current total harmonic distortion (THD) should be low, usually below 5 %. This unwanted distortion can lead to increased current in...
Article
Full-text available
Vanadium dioxide (VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) has emerged as a prominent optical phase change material (O-PCM) for creating high performance devices based on hybrid silicon platforms. However, realizing an efficient and compact optical modulator required for Mach-Zehnde...
Article
Currently, a high demand for on-device deep neural network (DNN) model deployment is limited by the large model size, computing-intensive floating-point operations (FLOPS), and intellectual property (IP) infringements (i.e., easy access to model duplication for the avoidance of license payments). One appealing solution to addressing the first two c...
Conference Paper
Inherent uncertainty and variability in energy production from variable renewable energy (VRE) sources such as wind and solar, require Energy Storage Systems (ESS) to enable continuous availability of supply. The 100% renewable electricity grid with a mix of generators, therefore, needs to be integrated with optimum sized ESS to ensure power demand...
Preprint
Full-text available
A backdoor deep learning (DL) model behaves normally upon clean inputs but misbehaves upon trigger inputs as the backdoor attacker desires, posing severe consequences to DL model deployments. State-of-the-art defenses are either limited to specific backdoor attacks (source-agnostic attacks) or non-user-friendly in that machine learning (ML) experti...
Preprint
We determine the conditions resulting from equating the area sums of alternative sectors in a circle generated by four, two, and three straight lines, respectively, that connect opposite points on its circumference while passing through a point that is arbitrarily placed within the circle.
Article
Aiming to ensure the feasibility of the backpropagation training of feedforward threshold neural networks, each hidden unit layer is designed to be composed of a sufficiently large number of hard-limiting activation functions that are excited by mutually independent external noise components and the weighted inputs simultaneously. The application o...
Article
Full-text available
Amid the search for efficient terahertz transmission and gas sensing, all-polymer terahertz waveguides attract significant interest due to their compactness and capability for providing environmentally robust systems. The high loss within metals and dielectrics in the terahertz range makes it challenging to build a low loss, mechanically stable, an...