
Dennis PetrieMonash University (Australia) · Centre for Health Economics
Dennis Petrie
PhD
About
173
Publications
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Introduction
Dennis is a Professor in the Centre for Health Economics, Monash University. He has published extensively on the economics of illicit drugs and alcohol, the longitudinal measurement and evaluation of health inequalities and has been involved in a number of economic evaluations of healthcare interventions. He specialises in analysing large and complex data sets to improve health policy decisions with a focus on improving health equity.
Additional affiliations
September 2016 - present
December 2012 - August 2016
September 2007 - November 2012
Publications
Publications (173)
Introduction
Patients with hematological malignancies are at high risk of infections due to both the disease and the associated treatments. The use of immunoglobulin (Ig) to prevent infections is increasing in this population, but its cost effectiveness is unknown. This trial-based economic evaluation aimed to compare the cost effectiveness of prop...
Background and Objectives
Previously published studies have consistently identified significant variation in red blood cell (RBC) transfusions during cardiac surgery. Clinical guidelines can be effective at improving the average quality of care; however, their impact on variation in practice is rarely studied. Herein, we estimated how variation in...
Objectives
Critical/urgent X‐ray findings are not always communicated in an appropriate time frame to ED physicians. The practice of radiographers alerting referrers to clinically significant image findings (verbally, via image flags or written comment) is noted internationally but risk assessment data is unavailable in the literature. A hybrid rad...
Background and aims
Signficant inequalities in tobacco smoking exist, with higher smoking rates among people from low‐socio‐economic status (low‐SES) populations. Tailored technology‐based programs for low‐SES smoking populations have the potential for high reach, but require effectiveness data from large‐scale trials. This trial among Australians...
Multiple myeloma is a haematological malignancy typically characterised by neoplastic plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow. Treatment for multiple myeloma consists of multi-line chemotherapy with or without autologous stem cell transplantation and has been rapidly evolving in recent years. However, clinical trials are unable to provide patie...
Objectives
Patients with hematological malignancies are likely to develop hypogammaglobulinemia. Immunoglobulin (Ig) is commonly given to prevent infections, but its overall costs and cost-effectiveness are unknown.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines to assess the evidence on the costs and cost-effectiveness...
Patients with hematological malignancies are at high risk of developing hypogammaglobulinemia (HGG) and infections. Immunoglobulin (Ig) is one recommended option to prevent these infections, but it is expensive and its cost-effectiveness compared with other prevention strategies remains unknown. We conducted a trial-based economic evaluation from t...
Introduction
Patients with hematological malignancies are likely to develop hypogammaglobulinemia (HGG) and subsequent infections. Immunoglobulin (Ig) replacement is commonly given to prevent infections, but the total costs and cost effectiveness of its use are unknown.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines to asses...
Background & significance: Hypogammaglobulinemia is common in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM), and associated with an increased risk of serious infection. Immunoglobulin (Ig) replacement therapy (IgRT) is widely used to reduce this risk, but national guidelines and clinical prac...
Purpose
The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) is a widely used disability-specific outcome measure. This study develops mapping algorithms to estimate Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL)-4D utilities based on the WHODAS 2.0 responses to facilitate economic evaluation.
Methods
The study sample comprises peop...
Introduction: The timely communication of clinically significant image appearances to Emergency Department (ED) referrers is necessary for optimum patient care. Australian reliance on verbal communication only is time-limited, open to misinterpretation and lacks transparency. A combined radiographer alert and comment model was designed to reliably...
OBJECTIVE: Employment can improve mental health among people with disability (PWD), however, little is known about how different levels of workforce participation influence mental healthcare use. The aim of this study was to estimate the extent to which different levels of working hours are associated with changes in mental healthcare use among PWD...
Funding decisions for cancer drugs are often based on limited evidence about their long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. This 10-year review of funding decisions for cancer drugs submissions in Australia revealed that most decisions relied on data that was moderately predictive of survival.
Background:
Medicines are the most frequent health care intervention type; their safe use provides significant benefits, but inappropriate use can cause harm. Systemic primary care approaches can manage serious medication-related problems in a timely manner.
Objectives:
ACTMed (ACTivating primary care for MEDicine safety) uses information techno...
Donations play a critical role in supporting the provision of public goods, yet how donating behaviour changes in response to health shocks is poorly understood. We investigate how the household's joint decision to donate time (volunteer) and money changes following a health shock. Using data from the United States Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a...
Objective:
The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of a tailored quitline tobacco treatment ('Quitlink') among people receiving support for mental health conditions.
Methods:
We employed a prospective, cluster-randomised, open, blinded endpoint design to compare a control condition to our 'Quitlink' intervention. Both conditions rece...
Objectives:
This paper investigates the relationship between part-time and full-time employment and mental health for people with and without disability, as well as differences in the relationship by age and sex.
Methods:
Using data from 13,219 working-aged people (15-64 years) in the labour force who participated in five annual waves of a longi...
Several Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries have constrained Disability Income Insurance (DI) eligibility and reassessed those on DI to encourage workforce participation. But these policies can also have unintended consequences. While receiving less income can directly worsen physical and mental health, the stress relat...
Abstract
Background: In Australia, tobacco smoking rates have declined but inequalities remain with significantly higher smoking prevalence among low-socioeconomic populations. Clinical trial data suggest vaporized nicotine products (VNPs) aid smoking cessation. Most VNP trials have used refillable tank systems, but newer generation (pod) devices n...
Social interventions are essential in supporting the health and well-being of people with disability, but there is a critical need to prioritise resources for those that provide the best value for money. Economic evaluation is a widely used tool to assist priority setting when resources are scarce. However, the scope and consistency of economic eva...
Globally, Indigenous populations experience poorer health but use less primary healthcare than their non‐Indigenous counterparts. In 2010, the Australian government introduced a targeted reform aimed at reducing these disparities. The reform reduced, or abolished prescription medicine co‐payments and provided financial incentives for GPs to better...
Background:
While policies to reduce smoking in many countries have been successful, disadvantaged groups (such as low-income groups) have only seen minor gains. People with disability are one such disadvantaged group and are more likely to smoke. However, evidence is limited on trends and inequalities in smoking for disabled people and on whether...
Introduction
This study estimates the extent to which individuals’ smoking cessation and relapse patterns are associated with the smoking behaviour of their household members.
Methods
Longitudinal data on household members’ smoking behaviour was sourced from a representative sample of 12,723 Australians who ever reported smoking between 2001 and 2...
Little is known about how patients dynamically respond to a forthcoming reduction in health care out-of-pocket prices. Using a kinked Donut Regression Discontinuity design with kinks entering and exiting the donut, we evaluate a Swedish cost-sharing policy, where primary care out-of-pocket prices were eliminated at age 85. We find evidence of forwa...
Background
In Australia, tobacco smoking rates have declined but inequalities remain with significantly higher smoking prevalence among low-socioeconomic populations. Clinical trial data suggest vaporized nicotine products (VNPs) aid smoking cessation. Most VNP trials have used refillable tank systems, but newer generation (pod) devices now compris...
Background:
People released from prison have poorer health than the general public, with a particularly high prevalence of mental illness and harmful substance use. High-frequency use of hospital-based services is costly, and greater investment in transitional support and primary care services to improve the health of people leaving prison may the...
Objectives
To determine health impacts during, and following, an extended community lockdown and COVID-19 outbreak in the Australian state of Victoria, compared with the rest of Australia.
Methods
A national cohort of 898 working-age Australians enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study, completing surveys before, during, and after a 112-day communi...
Background
Engagement in work is an important determinant of health. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, public health measures imposed to reduce viral transmission resulted in large-scale loss of work during the early stages of the pandemic, contributing to declined mental and physical health. As the pandemic unfolded, the Australian economy beg...
Aims
To examine the association between household members and their tobacco smoking behaviour on patterns of smoking cessation and relapse.
Design and participants
Data was sourced from 19 waves (years 2001 to 2019) of the nationally representative Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, with all household members 15 year...
‘Altruism born of suffering’ (ABS) predicts that, following an adverse life event such as a health shock, individuals may become motivated to help others and act pro-socially. However, despite anecdotal support this has not been examined systematically. Using data from the United States Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find that an adverse health...
Background
Medication Assisted Treatment for Opioid Dependence (MATOD) is clinically effective and cost effective, yet a lack of MATOD prescribers in the community limits access to this treatment in Australia. These shortages are often greatest in regional and rural areas.
Objective(s)
The Enhancing Pharmacists Involvement in Care (EPIC)-MATOD stu...
Purpose To determine if losing work during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with mental and physical health status. To determine if social interactions and financial resources moderate the relationship between work loss and health. Methods Participants were Australians aged 18 + years that were employed in paid work prior to the COVID-19 pandemi...
Background
There is increasing interest in risk-based breast cancer screening, including interventions to improve outcomes for women with mammographically dense breasts.
Methods
Policy1-Breast is a continuous-time, multiple-cohort micro-simulation whole-population model which incorporates breast cancer risk, life-course breast density, menopause,...
Background
The positive cross-sectional association between health and SES often strengthens at younger ages before peaking at middle ages and then weakening at older ages. Selective mortality is a possible reason for the weakening relationship at older ages but current evidence for this is limited.
Methods
This paper uncovers the changing nature...
Background
Following pandemic-related work loss, some people could return to work as restrictions eased, whilst localised lockdowns resulted in further loss of work. The long-term health effects of work loss within the pandemic remain unexplored, in addition to whether any health effects are persistent upon returning to work.
Methods
A prospective...
Background
In response to the second wave of COVID-19 in Australia a 4 month community-wide lockdown resulted in Victoria, Australia. We explored the health impacts during lockdown and following its conclusion.
Methods
A cohort of 898 working-age Australians enrolled in a national longitudinal cohort study, completing surveys prior to, during, and...
Objectives
To the best of our knowledge, no published clinical guidelines have ever undergone an economic evaluation to determine whether their implementation represented an efficient allocation of resources. Here, we perform an economic evaluation of national clinical guidelines designed to reduce unnecessary blood transfusions before, during, and...
The reporting of only relative inequalities is decreasing and other inequality invariance criteria are often being considered simultaneously. Having multiple measures with potentially different conclusions on whether inequality has increased or decreased complicates communicating what these results imply about the evolution of income inequality. To...
Importance:
Cytisine is more effective than placebo and nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. However, cytisine has not been tested against the most effective smoking cessation medication, varenicline, which is associated with adverse events known to lead to discontinuation of therapy.
Objective:
To examine whether standard cytisin...
Objectives
To determine health impacts during, and following, an extended community lockdown and COVID-19 outbreak in the Australian state of Victoria, compared with the rest of Australia.
Methods
A national cohort of 898 working-age Australians enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study, completing surveys before, during, and after a 112-day communi...
Self-assessed health (SAH) is often used in health econometric models as the key explanatory variable or as a control variable. However, there is evidence questioning its test-retest reliability, with up to 30% of individuals changing their response. Building on recent advances in the econometrics of misclassification, we develop a way to consisten...
This paper establishes a unified framework to fully account for the changing social gradient over the lifecycle in terms of a sufficient set of mobility indices characterizing the coevolution of socioeconomic status and health within each of a series of overlapping cohorts. We proceed to demonstrate the impact of selective mortality on health inequ...
Objectives
To determine the long-term effects of work loss on health during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether any effects are persistent upon returning to work.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal cohort study of 2603 participants across Australia monitored changes in health and work during between March and December 2020, with participants comple...
Governments and health insurers often make funding decisions based on health gains from randomised controlled trials. These decisions are inherently uncertain because health gains in trials may not translate to practice owing to differences in the population, treatment use and setting. Post-market analysis of real-world data can provide additional...
Introduction
Public transport (PT) availability may be more important for people with disabilities (PWD), as typically they have greater healthcare needs and mobility barriers compared with people without disabilities. This paper investigates how PT availability is associated with healthcare use for people aged 18–60 years, with and without disabil...
Despite the high rates of mental disorder in adolescents and young adults, treatment utilisation is low. Using Australian longitudinal administrative and survey data, we show an increasing proportion of young people are accessing nervous system scripts as they age. Younger cohorts have increasingly accessed these scripts earlier; usage is generally...
Purpose
This paper aims to determine whether a single session of a motivational interview (MI) reduces smoking relapse amongst people released from smoke-free prisons.
Design/methodology/approach
This study sought to recruit 824 ex-smokers from 2 smoke-free prisons in the Northern Territory, Australia. Participants were randomised to receive eithe...
Good retirement planning requires accurate estimation of the time horizon, that is, the lifespan. People may overestimate or underestimate their lifespan and, as a result, under- or over-save for their retirement. Determining to what extent a person overestimates or underestimates their lifespan requires the separation of private information (e.g....
Background: Although evaluations of breast cancer screening programs frequently estimate quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) losses by stage, other breast cancer characteristics influence treatment and vary by mode of detection – i.e. whether the cancer is detected through a screening program (screen-detected), in between screening rounds (interval-d...
Objective: To determine if losing work during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with mental and physical health. To determine if social interactions and financial resources moderate the relationship between work loss and health.
Design: Baseline data from a prospective longitudinal cohort study.
Setting: Australia, 27th March to 12th June 2020.
P...
Objective:
To develop a patient-level simulation model for predicting lifetime health outcomes of patients with type 1 diabetes and as a tool for economic evaluation of type 1 diabetes treatment based on data from a large, longitudinal cohort.
Research design and methods:
Data for model development were obtained from the Swedish National Diabete...
Introduction: This study estimated the extent of psychological distress among people losing work during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Australia, and examined associations between distress, nature of work loss and degree of social interaction.
Methods: Data were from a baseline online survey of an inception cohort recruited...
This study explores the extent to which structural stigma (sociocultural constraining factors) is associated with sexual orientation disparities in healthcare service and prescription medicine use. Using the responses to the 2017 Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey, we use the regional percentage of votes against legalising same-sex marriage as a...
Objective: To determine the government and out‐of‐pocket community costs (out‐of‐hospital medical services and prescription medicines) associated with screen‐detected and community‐detected cancers (i.e. cancers detected outside of Australia's organised screening program [BreastScreen]).
Methods: We analyse administrative data on government‐subsidi...
Background and objectives:
Blood services are tasked with efficiently maintaining a reliable blood supply, and there has been much debate over the use of incentives to motivate prosocial activities. Thus, it is important to understand the relative effectiveness of interventions for increasing donations.
Materials and methods:
This systematic rev...
Purpose
Stigma and discrimination are central concerns for people with mental health problems. The aim of the study was to carry out a follow-up survey of a national survey of experiences of avoidance, discrimination and positive treatment in people with mental health problems to explore how those experiences relate to health service use.
Methods...
Social impact bonds (SIBs) have emerged as an innovative financing mechanism. This paper explores how health SIBs align with investors’ expectations and the conditions required to attract investors. At present, health SIBs are unlikely to provide sufficient financial returns given their financial risk to attract mainstream investors, so may be bett...
Background:
Hepatitis C virus elimination may be possible by scaling up direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment. Due to the safety and simplicity of DAA treatment, primary care-based treatment delivery is now feasible, efficacious and may be cheaper than hospital-based specialist care. In this paper, we use Prime Study data - a randomised controll...
Background:
International comparisons of social inequalities in health outcomes and behaviors are challenging. Due to the level of disaggregation often required, data can be sparse and methods to make adequately powered comparisons are lacking. We aimed to illustrate the value of a hierarchical Bayesian approach that partially pools country-level...
Background:
Mammographic screening reduces breast cancer mortality but may lead to the overdiagnosis and overtreatment of low-risk breast cancers. Conservative management may reduce the potential harm of overtreatment, yet little is known about the impact upon quality of life.
Objectives:
To quantify women's preferences for managing low-risk scr...
Objective:
In March 2012, Australia's National Blood Authority published national patient blood-management guidelines for perioperative care developed by a systematic review and clinical expert opinion. This study assesses how blood transfusions and patient outcomes in cardiac surgery changed after the guidelines were published.
Methods:
Blood t...
Background
International comparisons of social inequalities in health are challenging. The level of disaggregation often required can result in sparse data. We show the value of a hierarchical Bayesian approach that partially pools country-level estimates, reducing the influence of sampling variation and increasing the stability of estimates. A fur...
Background
Universal suicide education and awareness training in schools are promising suicide prevention initiatives. This study aims to evaluate a suicide awareness training (safeTALK) and to model potential return on investment (ROI) on a population basis. SafeTALK, comprises a 3-h education session, and has been delivered to secondary school st...
Background:
To achieve the World Health Organization hepatitis C elimination targets, it is essential to increase access to direct acting antivirals (DAAs) - especially amongst people who inject drugs (PWID). We aimed to determine the effectiveness of providing DAAs in primary care compared with hospital-based specialist care.
Methods:
We random...
Background
Income-related inequality measures such as the concentration index are often used to describe the unequal distribution of health, health care access, or expenditure in a single measure. This study demonstrates the use of such measures to evaluate the distributional impact of changes in health insurance coverage. We use the example of Med...
Objectives:
Trials comparing the effects of transfusing RBC units of different storage durations have considered mortality or morbidity as outcomes. We perform the first economic evaluation alongside a full age of blood clinical trial with a large population assessing the impact of RBC storage duration on quality-of-life and costs in critically il...
Objectives
There is strong evidence of a relationship between psychosocial job stressors and mental health at the population level. There has been no longitudinal research on whether the experience of job stressors is also associated with greater mental health service use. We seek to fill this gap.
Methods
The Household Income Labour Dynamics in A...
Policy decisions regarding breast cancer screening and treatment programmes may be misplaced unless the decision process includes the appropriate utilities and disutilities of mammography screening and its sequelae. The objectives of this study were to critically review how economic evaluations have valued the health states associated with breast c...
Background and aims
Smoking cessation medications are effective but often underutilised because of costs and side effects. Cytisine is a plant‐based smoking cessation medication with over 50 years of use in Central and Eastern Europe. While cytisine has been found to be well‐tolerated and more effective than nicotine replacement therapy, direct com...
Background: Controversy persists about the overdiagnosis of low risk breast cancers identified by breast cancer screening programs. Low risk ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive breast condition with an uncertain risk of invasive progression. Standard management consists of immediate surgical treatment, with or without radiotherapy and...
Background: Breast cancer screening is effective in reducing breast cancer mortality, but there is increasing concern that it may also lead to overdiagnosis; the detection and treatment of a cancer that would never have presented symptomatically during the woman's lifetime. Conservative management of low-risk breast cancer may reduce the harm of ov...
Introduction
Smoking remains the leading risk factor for disease burden and mortality worldwide. Heavy Smoking is often associated with poor Nutrition, Alcohol abuse and Physical inactivity (known as ‘SNAP’). Australia’s first prison smoking ban was introduced in the Northern Territory in July 2013. However, relapse to smoking after release from pr...
Objective:
To investigate inpatient rehabilitation rates after private total knee replacements (TKRs) in Australia since 2009; to quantify the contributions of hospital-, surgeon- and patient-related factors to predicting inpatient rehabilitation.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study; multivariate linear regression analysis of linked, de-identifie...