Denis Bruneau

Mines Paris, PSL University | ParisTech · Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie (I2M)

In urban areas, there is little space available for vegetation but a potential for food production that merits to be exploited. aquaponics is a coupled system of two technologies of fish farming and soil-less vegetation, a scheme primarily proposed for hot arid regions with limited agricultural land resource availability for sustainable water reuse...

An experimental study was carried out on a full-scale passive building equipped with global and local instrumentation with the aim of characterizing the energy charge and discharge processes and their coupling to the outdoor thermal stresses, especially natural ventilation in the summertime. The characterization of both charge and discharge process...

Living envelopes, such as biological skins and structures built by animals, are functional and sustainable designs resulting from years of evolution, conditioned by biological and physical pressures from the environment. When building a home, animals demonstrate inspiring strategies to protect themselves from predator threats and external climatic...

This paper proposes a sizing method to guide the design of water-circulating radiative sky cooling systems and water-based energy storage solutions. Following this method, the choice of operational flow rate in the radiative sky cooling (RSC) panels and the water storage is based on four indicators: sub-ambient temperature, cooling power density, m...

Building envelopes can manage light, heat gains or losses, and ventilation and, as such, play a key role in the overall building performance. Research has been focusing on increasing their efficiency by proposing dynamic and adaptive systems, meaning that they evolve to best meet the internal and external varying conditions. Living organisms are re...

Living envelopes, such as biological skins and structures built by animals, are functional and sustainable designs resulting from years of evolution, conditioned by biological and physical pressures from the environment. When building a home, animals demonstrate inspiring strategies to protect themselves from predator threats and external climatic...

The facade of buildings generally remains an untapped energy resource due to the need for aesthetics. From this point of view, the development of unglazed thermal solar panels as a facade element, similar to conventional cladding, can be a relevant solution. However, the need for architectural integration of these absorbers conflicts with the need...

Building envelopes have a key role to the occupant comfort. Their design, implementation and functionalities highly influence the overall building performance. Some current research focus on strategies to improve buildings energy efficiency while minimizing their impact on the environment. Bioinspiration i.e., the inspiration of biological organism...

As natural ventilation involves local and global interactions, the estimation of these interactions can be performed by many approaches. Such approaches, rather more experimental and numerical than analytical, often require a great deal of instrumentation and equipment, which results in higher demands on project budget and funding. The present work...

Nowadays, cooling demand in the building sector is increasing in cooling-dominant climates because of extreme heat waves reinforced by climate change. As the demand for thermal comfort in buildings continues to grow, energy consumption increases accordingly. The application of phase change materials (PCM) to building envelopes can improve thermal e...

Free cooling systems based on phase change materials (PCM) are a possible alternative to air conditioning systems for summer comfort in buildings. However, the performance of such cooling systems is closely related to the climatic conditions and building configurations to be cooled. The objective of this work is to present an application of multiob...

The aim of the present work is to propose a methodology for the use of thermoelectric modules (TEM) as an alternative to conventional heat flux sensors, for estimating convective and radiative heat flux. In this experimental study, the performance of TEMs as heat flux sensors is compared to that of the heat flux sensor (HFS), a type of conventional...

By distinguishing the use of hydrophilic porous medium (HPM) as an alternative to conventional building materials, an experimental evaluation is presented here. The objective of this study is to analyse the coupled hygrothermal behaviour of a HPM under various climatic conditions. The results indicate that the addition of HPM to the building wall a...

Due to the increasing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions related to HVAC applications in the residential sector, thermal energy storage with phase change materials has caught considerable attention in the last years. Their attractive storage capacity can be adapted to meet the energy needs of buildings. In this work, the design process of a pr...

A preliminary study is presented with the aim of modeling the thermal behavior of a passive building that is ventilated merely with the promotion of natural ventilation, various models have been assessed by using the system identification process. The identification of a simplify and lite model of such thermal behavior is needed to later control th...

A preliminary study is presented with the aim of modeling the thermal behavior of a passive building that is ventilated merely with the promotion of natural ventilation, various models have been assessed by using the system identification process. The identification of a simplified and lite model of such thermal behavior is needed to later control...

A holistic approach integrating all aspects of building design directly affected by its energy performance is necessary for supporting decision-making throughout the design process. In this work, a decision-support methodology for the energy design of buildings is proposed, considering the three dimensions of the concept of sustainability, and adap...

Phase change materials (PCM) are materials with the ability to store a large amount of energy (latent heat) during their change from solid to a liquid phase. This takes place at certain melting temperature. Amid the global energy crisis, multiple applications of these materials have been studied at the theoretical, numerical and experimental approa...

An experimental study in a naturally ventilated building was conducted in August 2016. It aimed to highlight the energy charge and discharge of a concrete-slab floor submitted to the day-night-cycles heat exchanges in the southwestern part of France and to identify the heat transfer phenomena that take place in both processes (charge and discharge)...

Considering the use of Peltier modules as alternatives to conventional flux meters, an experimental evaluation comparing these two types of sensors is discussed here. The interest in performing this evaluation lies in the difference in the cost and the higher thermoelectric power of Peltier modules compared to conventional flux meters. The results...

Spécialité : PHYSIQUE DU SOLIDE ET APPLICATIONS Contribution à l'amélioration de la fermentation et du séchage des fèves de cacao : mise en oeuvre d'une unité pilote. Les fèves de cacaoyer (Theobroma cacao) sont utilisées principalement en agroalimentaire pour la fabrication du chocolat, après fermentation et séchage, en vue de faire naître et f...

Data from an experimental investigation, carried out during the summertime (from the end of July to mid-September, 2016), have been statistically analyzed, with the purpose of proposing a post-instalment-evaluation technique by assessing the effects that some architectural features have on the indoor environmental conditions in a prototype of Plus...

ABSTRACT Objective: Cocoa beans fermentation is a spontaneous chemical process, traditionally done in box or in a heap. Equipment is also important in achieving the final chocolate aroma. This study analyzes the performances of a new-designed cocoa bean fermenter. Methodology and results: In this study, a new type of fermenter, a rotating cylindric...

The building sector in Morocco represents 25% of the country’s total energy consumption. The poor thermal performance of the building envelopes is one of the principal reasons for this consumption rate. In this study, the efficiency of integrating Phase Change Materials (PCM) into hollow bricks used in three typical housing types in the six climate...

Cocoa beans moisture content behavior during drying in natural convection was estimated by integration of differential semi-empiric equation and mass flow formula. The new model was found to give better result (correlation coefficient is 0.97) respectively under experimental condition (55, 70 and 105°C), solar dryer, and sun drying. In addition, kn...

L'étude concerne une modélisation sous COMSOL du couplage entre un système de production d'eau froide par Radiative Sky Cooling (RSC) et une Pompe À Chaleur (PAC) air/eau, et l'estimation des performances de ce système couplé en vue d'assurer les besoins en climatisation d'un bâtiment tertiaire à Bordeaux. Ces panneaux RSC, permettent par circulati...

RESUME. Le présent travail vise à déterminer l'influence de l'effet du vent sur le renouvelle-ment d'air d'un bâtiment naturellement ventilé en période estivale en Aquitaine ; ce bâtiment possède une distribution « non-standards » de ses ouvrants. Une métrologie installée, en termes de mesures du flux thermique et de température, associée à une mod...

Résumé - Une campagne de mesure a été effectuée pendant la période estivale 2016, dans l’objectif d’évaluer l’impact de la mise en place d’une stratégie de pilotage des ouvertures de ventilation naturelle pour assurer le confort thermique à l’intérieur d’une plateforme d’essais (prototype de maison à énergie positive installée sur le campus de l’Un...

This paper presents experimental results of an air-PCM heat exchanger, with an in-line arrangement of cylindrical containers. The objective is to highlight the physical phenomena occurring in a single container during the phase change. Temperature and airflow measures were carried out. These values were used to find the heat exchanges on the contai...

The performance of a natural ventilation strategy, in a full-scale enclosure under meteorological conditions is studied through an experimental study, a buoyancy-driven approach, by means of the estimation of the air exchange rate per hour and ventilation power. A theoretical and an empirical model are proposed based on the airflow theory in buildi...

Within the existing European building stock, a large share of the suburban multi-storey residential building stock was built in the 60’s-70’s, when there were only few or no requirements for energy efficiency. These buildings are characterized by very high energy consumption, low air quality due to poor ventilation, and low architectural value. In...

L'invention a pour objet un échangeur de chaleur comprenant au moins un conduit (16) permettant de canaliser un flux (18) de fluide et une pluralité d'éléments (20) contenant au moins un matériau à changement de phase disposés dans ledit conduit (16), caractérisé en ce qu'au moins certains desdits éléments (20) contenant au moins un matériau à chan...

We present the work done for the wood prefabricated house Napevomo, a prototype of high energetic performance for the international competition Solar Decathlon Europe (SDE) 2010. The house is the result of the collaboration between an architect (Chilean), a designer, 25 companies from the Aquitaine region (France), 12 engineer students from the Art...

Une plateforme d'essais (bâtiment monozone) a été instrumentée afin d'appréhender les couplages existants entre ventilation naturelle et apports solaires directs, et stockage&déstockage d'énergie sensible dans le sol. Elle est dotée au Sud d'une dalle béton, d'une façade vitrée, de protections solaires et sur les façades Sud et Nord et en shed, d'o...

The adaptability and potentially interesting performance of the air-cooling systems using thermal energy storage (TES) with phase change materials (PCM) are features that have contributed to their development. These systems can help to manage the energy use, by storing the surplus heat of a building during the day, and then, during the night, relea...

Air cooling systems that make use of the energy storage potential of the latent heat of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are alternatives to conventional air-conditioning units for maintaining indoor comfort in summer in light-weight buildings. However, the functioning of such systems is closely linked to the ambient climatic conditions and to the spa...

Short Abstract: This paper reviews the development of the studies carried out by the Mechanics and Engineering Institute of Bordeaux (I2M), in the design, manufacturing and optimization of LHTES systems using PCM. A selection process mainly based on the encapsulated parameters is shown for each case, which allows to observe the evolution path of th...

This study aims to show the preliminary results of an improved components and characteristics of heat exchanger air and Phase Change Material (PCM)that was designed, dimensioned, manufactured and tested in the laboratory (with melting temperature ranging between 27-29° C), especially for refreshing semi-passive air in summer period. The preliminary...

Terahertz Imaging of water content in porous materials This study describes a multispectral Terahertz imaging method in order to measure water content of porous materials. We describe the device and highlight the method used to calibrate water content measurement. Finally we make an imbibition of a cellulose sample by water. Water content is measur...

The drying kinetics of fresh beef (approximately 12-cm long and 7-cm wide) were determined for different temperatures (40, 50 and 60C), air velocities (1, 2 and 3 m/s), relative humidity (15, 30 and 60%) and thicknesses of the product (2, 3 and 4 mm). Temperature showed a high influence on the drying kinetics compared with other drying parameters....

Current experimental methods used to determine pore size distributions (PSD) of porous media present several drawbacks such as toxicity of the employed fluids (e.g., mercury porosimetry). The theoretical basis of a new method to obtain the PSD by injecting yield stress fluids through porous media and measuring the flow rate $Q$ at several pressu...

A simplified PCM wallboard model is coupled to an existing design-oriented model of multi-zone buildings. Using a reference model and a basic simulation configuration, the accuracy of the resulting PCM wallboard-building thermal design tool is evaluated. A new performance indicator, called PCM utilization factor, is then proposed in order to estima...

Desorption isotherms for fresh beef were determined at 30, 40 and 50°C by the static gravimetric method. The resulting isotherms exhibited a type II sigmoid shape. The BET, GAB and Halsey models were used to fit these experimental data. The GAB model was most accurate for all temperatures and all levels of water activity, followed by the BET and Ha...

This work deals with the assessment of a novel experimental methodology to investigate the thermal storage properties of materials in “macro” scale. The experimental device developed in the present research was used for the thermal characterization of wallboards containing Phase Change Materials labeled “PCM wallboards”. In general, PCM wallboards...

Un prototype d'échangeur-stockeur pour le rafraîchissement de l'air a été conçu, dimensionné et réalisé pour être intégré dans un prototype de maison solaire à énergie positive. Ce prototype intègre une paraffine (Matériau à Changement de Phase -MCP-) dont la transition solide/liquide s'effectue aux alentours de 21°C. Des essais en conditions de la...

L'objet de l'invention est un dispositif de lombrifiltration pour l'assainissement des eaux usées, dans une habitation individuelle comprenant un lombrifiltre (18) ainsi que des moyens (16) de prétraitement par réduction des dimensions des particules solides des effluents eaux usées, des moyens (20) de post-traitement et une sortie (22) des eaux cl...

For environmental protection and to reduce costs, asphalt concrete manufacture incorporates reclaimed materials from the deconstruction of road surfaces under renovation in a process designed specifically to reduce the use of virgin materials (bitumen and aggregates). When the recycling rate is high (over 30% of reclaimed asphalt pavement -Rap-), i...

Given the difficulty of the consideration and assessment of buffer zones of buildings such as greenhouses, double skin façades and atriums, the tool TOPAZ has been developed. The tool is designed to provide information to assist in the design phase of projects including such a buffer zone. It is based on a fast and easy to use method that leads to...

In order to contribute to the protection of the environment, asphalt concrete is produced incorporating a high percentage (70%) of reclaimed materials from the deconstruction of road surfaces under renovation. In this paper we propose a microscopic observation technique to appreciate the way the virgin binder and the reclaimed asphalt pavement bind...

Nowadays, with the increasing material costs and the environmental needs to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gases emission, the technique of asphalt recycling becomes more and more used in the road industry. To ensure the performance of recycled asphalt, a quality control of the bituminous mixture is required. In this context, this work wa...

A model that describes the mass transfer in a two-phase shrinkable porous media by using a classic Darcy law for the fluid relative to solid transfer has been recently developed by Cáceres et al. 1-2 This model describes the coupling between the fluid pressure and the solid structure deformation tensor by using the Terzaghi stress tensor decomposit...

When asphalt concrete is manufactured incorporating a high percentage (almost 70%) of reclaimed materials from the deconstruction of road surfaces under renovation, and when the corresponding production device is designed specifically to reduce the energy input need (lowering the production temperature), the resulting manufacturing process contribu...

A porous medium saturated with liquid and placed within a medium that undergoes a change in pressure reacts by shrinking. If the space contains the same liquid as the pores of the sample, then after a certain lapse of time the sample dilates. By measuring this dilation kinetic the specimen's permeability can be approximated. This experimental metho...

Nomenclature A Heat exchange surface (m 2) Cp Sensible heat capacity (J.kg -1 .K -1) d Diameter (m) h Heat exchange coefficient (W.m -2 .K -2) H Enthalpy (J.m -3) k Convective gain factor(-) N t Number of aluminum tubes (-) Nu Nusselt Number (-) p Perimeter (m) S Cross section (m 2) s Lateral or top distance from the PCM melting front to tube walls...

Pressurisation Dynamique : Méthode expérimentale qui mesure simultanée de modules de compressibilité des phases liquide et solide et de la perméabilité du milieu poreux • Réalisation des expériences en utilisant deux liquides différents afin de mesurer les modules de compressibilité du milieu drainé et non-drainé Méthode 1. Hypothèses : Faibles déf...

Current methods employed to determine pore size distributions in porous media present several drawbacks such as their toxicity (mercury porosimetry). An original method to measure pore size distribution using yield stress fluids has been proposed in the literature [1],[2]. The main idea in these works is that using fluids with a threshold below whi...

Drying of wheat (Algerian cultivar: Hadba03) in thin layers was studied and mass flux phenomenon was used to characterize the thin-layer drying process. Thin-layer drying of wheat was determined for drying air temperature range of 40–60°C, relative humidity of drying air from 10 to 30%, air velocity of 0.7 m/s, and initial grain moisture from 26 to...

L’intégration de bois massif dans l’enveloppe d’un bâtiment constitue une solution couramment utilisée dans le cadre de bâtiments à basse consommation d’énergie . Les professionnels ont besoin d’outils adaptés qui permettent de les aider à concevoir des enveloppes intégrant ce type de matériau et d’évaluer leur impact sur la consommation d’énergie...