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Publications (179)
Background: Increasing evidence suggests that serum carotenoids, an objective indicator of fruit and vegetable consumption, promote the development of cancer and other cardiometabolic diseases. Several studies have demonstrated the role of food insecurity in adverse health outcomes. This raises the question of whether the interplay of food insecuri...
Background
Breast cancer (BC) survivorship presents significant health disparities, particularly affecting Black women, who experience a 40% higher BC death rate compared to White women. These disparities are exacerbated by comorbidities, which contribute to poorer overall health outcomes. Additionally, Black BC survivors often face psychosocial ch...
Background
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 provides a comprehensive assessment of health and risk factor trends at global, regional, national, and subnational levels. This study aims to examine the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in the USA and highlight the disparities in health outcomes ac...
This appendix provides supplementary tables and figures for the paper titled “The burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors by state in the USA, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.”
PURPOSE
In the United States, there are disparities in access to care for patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on the basis of socioeconomic and racial/ethnic factors. This study investigates the association between race/ethnicity and the utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy among older patients with advanced NSCLC (...
Background
Over the past several decades, the overweight and obesity epidemic in the USA has resulted in a significant
health and economic burden. Understanding current trends and future trajectories at both national and state levels is
crucial for assessing the success of existing interventions and informing future health policy changes. We esti...
Methods appendix to: GBD 2021 US Obesity Forecasting Collaborators. National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990–2021, and forecasts up to 2050. Lancet 2024; published online Nov 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01548-4.
This appendix formed part of the origin...
Supplementary appendix 2. Results appendix to: GBD 2021 US Obesity Forecasting Collaborators. National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990–2021, and forecasts up to 2050. Lancet 2024; published online Nov 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01548-4
This appendix...
Background
Despite United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations, low uptake of lung cancer screening (LCS) highlights the need for measures to promote adoption. This scoping review aims to outline the global landscape of mobile low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) platforms, summarizing research and evaluating efficacy in sc...
Background
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a vascular disease characterised by restricted flow and high pressure through the pulmonary arteries, leading to progressive right heart failure and death. This study reports the global burden of PAH, leveraging all available data and using methodology of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, a...
Background: Breast cancer (BC) survivorship care poses significant psychosocial and physical challenges, with survivors experiencing stress, inflammation, and poor lifestyle behaviors that impact their well-being and health-related quality of life. Black women with BC, who often experience higher rates of metabolic syndrome and related health compl...
Iron is an essential nutrient required for various physiological processes in the body. However, iron imbalance can potentially contribute to initiating and promoting cancer development. Epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between dietary iron intake and the risk of different types of cancer, yet, not all studies have consist...
Simple Summary
Pain is a common symptom that affects individuals with cancer. This study, using data from the National Health Interview Survey, explored how household income relates to chronic pain among cancer survivors. It found that lower-income survivors, those below 200% of the federal poverty level (FPL), were more likely to report chronic pa...
Background
Breast cancer (BC) survivorship presents significant health disparities, particularly affecting Black women, who experience a 40% higher BC death rate compared to White women. These disparities are exacerbated by comorbidities, which contribute to poorer overall health outcomes. Additionally, Black BC survivors often face psychosocial ch...
Introduction:
Genetic tests, including germline and tumor (somatic) testing, can optimize the clinical care and outcomes of cancer patients and their family members. However, evidence on cancer patients' use of genetic testing and discussion of genetic testing with healthcare providers is limited.
Methods:
Study participants included cancer surv...
Pulmonary nodules and nodule characteristics are important indicators of lung nodule malignancy. However, nodule information is often documented as free text in clinical narratives such as radiology reports in electronic health record systems. Natural language processing (NLP) is the key technology to extract and standardize patient information fro...
Purpose
Disparities in oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer based on race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status have been reported, but the impact of living within areas that are persistently poor at the time of diagnosis and outcome is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether the incidence, 5-year relative survival, stage at diagnosis, and morta...
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and yet, lung cancer screening rates remain persistently low. Many interventions are being developed to address the low rates of lung cancer screening (LCS), including interventions that address the additional barriers faced by historically marginalized raci...
Background: Black patients treated with chemoradiation for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) experience significantly worse survival outcomes than White patients treated with the same modality. Our group aims to explore potential sociodemographic and biological factors undermining this differing response to therapy. Here, we present our...
Purpose: To evaluate the association between race/ethnicity, treatment, and mortality among individuals with advanced-stage laryngeal cancer in Florida.
Methods: We obtained data from the Florida Cancer Data System (FCDS) on non-Hispanic (NH)-White (the reference group), Hispanic, and NH-Black patients with advanced-stage (regional and distant) lar...
Abstract
Objective: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends biennial screening
mammography through age 74. Guidelines vary as to whether or not they recommended mammography
screening to women aged 75 and older. This study aims to determine the ability of ChatGPT to provide
appropriate recommendations for breast cancer screening...
Objective: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends biennial screening mammography through age 74. Guidelines vary as to whether or not they recommended mammography screening to women aged 75 and older. This study aims to determine the ability of ChatGPT to provide appropriate recommendations for breast cancer screening in patien...
Background
Despite the various anticancer activities of tocopherols, little is known about tocopherols associated with lung cancer risk among low-income African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA) who are disproportionately affected by the disease.
Methods
We conducted a nested case–control study that included 209 incident lung cancer cases...
The benefits and harms of lung cancer screening (LCS) for patients in the real-world clinical setting have been argued. Recently, discriminative prediction modeling of lung cancer with stratified risk factors has been developed to investigate the real-world effectiveness of LCS from observational data. However, most of these studies were conducted...
Objective:
Supporting patient-clinician communication is key to implementing tailored, risk-based screening for older adults. Objectives of this multiphase mixed methods study were to identify factors that primary care clinicians consider influential when making screening mammography recommendations for women ≥ 75 years, develop a patient decision...
Introduction:
Cognitive impairment and frailty are prevalent in older persons. Physical frailty is associated with cognitive decline; however, the role of effect modifiers such as age, sex, race/ ethnicity, and cognitive reserve is not well understood.
Methods:
Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-...
Purpose
Disparities in oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) based on race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status have been reported, but the impact of living within areas that are persistently poor at the time of OPC diagnosis and outcome is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether the incidence, 5-year relative survival, stage at diagnosis,...
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the association between race/ethnicity and all-cause mortality among women with advanced-stage ovarian cancer who received systemic therapy.
Methods
We analyzed data from the National Cancer Database on women diagnosed with advanced-stage ovarian cancer from 2004 to 2015 who received systemic therapy...
Importance
Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers are important contributors to cancer burden worldwide, and a comprehensive evaluation of their burden globally, regionally, and nationally is crucial for effective policy planning.
Objective
To analyze the total and risk-attributable burden of lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) and other pharyngeal cancer...
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the association between race/ethnicity and all-cause mortality among women with advanced-stage ovarian cancer who received systemic therapy.
Methods
We analyzed data from the National Cancer Database on women diagnosed with advanced-stage ovarian cancer from 2004 to 2015 who received systemic therapy...
Background:
Physician-patient discussions regarding lung cancer screening (LCS) are uncommon and its racial and ethnic disparities are under-investigated. We examined the racial and ethnic disparities in the trends and frequency of LCS discussion among the LCS-eligible United States (US) population.
Methods:
We analyzed data from the Health Info...
We read with extensive interest the recently published paper, by Kohan et al., “Disparity and Diversity in NSCLC Imaging and Genomics: Evaluation of a Mature, Multicenter Database” [...]
Background
We investigated the association of several air pollution measures with postmenopausal breast cancer (BCa) risk.
Methods
This study included 155,235 postmenopausal women (of which 6146 with BCa) from UK Biobank. Cancer diagnoses were ascertained through the linkage to the UK National Health Service Central Registers. Annual exposure aver...
Purpose of the study: The role of body composition in cancer outcomes is of great clinical interest. We investigated whether the risks of all-cause and cancer-specific mortality differ by levels of total fat mass and sarcopenia status in cancer survivors. Methods: Participants included 1682 adult cancer survivors who had undergone dual-energy x-ray...
e18663
Background: Despite the high survival associated with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), established disparities exist both in survival for Black and Hispanic patients and their access to consolidative treatments like radiotherapy as demonstrated using large, population-based databases. Elderly patients with HL face inferior survival compared to younger...
Background
Secondhand smoke (SHS) poses a significant public health threat. Cancer survivors are at a greater risk of adverse health outcomes from SHS because of its association with poor prognosis and other downstream clinical events.
Methods
A nationally representative sample of US adults aged 20 years and older was analyzed from the National He...
Socioeconomic and racial disparities exist in access to care among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the United States. Immunotherapy is a widely established treatment modality for patients with advanced-stage NSCLC (aNSCLC). We examined associations of area-level socioeconomic status with receipt of immunotherapy for aNSCLC patie...
Background
Allostatic load (AL) has been linked to an increased risk of death in various populations. However, to date, there is no research specifically investigating the effect of AL on mortality in older cancer survivors.
Aims
To investigate the association between AL and mortality in older cancer survivors.
Method
A total of 1291 adults aged...
Background
Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CR...
Background
Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CR...
Background: Following completion of curative-intent treatment, patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are recommended to undergo routine imaging surveillance to detect potential cancer recurrence. We aimed to evaluate adherence to guideline recommended imaging surveillance and factors associated with either adherence or non-adherence.
Met...
Purpose In the United States, cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx account for 3% of cancers diagnosed each year. The purpose of the study was to examine incidence and 5-years relative survival rates for persistent poverty counties versus non-persistent poverty counties by race/ethnicity and sex. Methods Data on county-level cancer incidence and...
Purpose: To evaluate the association between race and ethnicity and all-cause mortality among women with advanced-stage ovarian cancer who received systemic therapy.
Methods: We obtained data from the National Cancer Database on women diagnosed with advanced-stage ovarian cancer from 2004 to 2015. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were...
Background:
Prior studies on the association between asthma and cancer show inconsistent results. This study aimed to generate additional evidence on the association between asthma and cancer, both overall, and by cancer type, in the United States.
Method:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using 2012-2020 electronic health records and cl...
Simple Summary
There is limited research on the relationship between comorbidity burden and survival among patients with stage I/II non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare survival by comorbidity burden among stage I/II NSCLC patients who have received thoracoscopic surgery as their primary treatment. We f...
Background
Head and neck cancer (HNC) mortality differs by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES). However, it is unclear whether the relationship between race/ethnicity and HNC-specific mortality varies according to the residence-level SES.
Methods
Data from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database included participants wit...
Simple Summary
Studies assessing the associations of body composition and mortality have found conflicting results due to small sample sizes and short follow-up periods. Using a nationally representative sample, we assessed the associations between total body fat mass and skeletal muscle index, and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in cancer...
Purpose of the Study: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the risks of all-cause and cancer-specific mortality differ by levels of total fat mass and sarcopenia status in cancer survivors. Additionally, we conducted subgroup analysis to assess potential effect modification by race/ethnicity. The role of body composition in cancer ou...
Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026
Global Burden of Disease 2021 Health Financing Collaborator Network †
Show footnotesOpen AccessPublished:January 24, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00007-4
Summary
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic h...
Background
Genetic testing can help determine the risk of many cancers and guide cancer prevention and treatment plans. Despite increasing concern about disparities in precision cancer medicine, public knowledge and cancer genetic testing by race and ethnicity have not been well investigated.Methods
We analyzed data from the 2020 Health Information...
Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by the loss of muscle mass, strength and function with age, is highly prevalent in cancer survivors. The relationship between sarcopenia and prognosis among cancer survivors is not well understood. Methods: From the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), we identified 946 participa...
IntroductionWe evaluated whether Medicaid expansion is associated with earlier stage at diagnosis for pancreatic cancer taking into account key demographic, clinical, and geographic factors.Methods
We obtained Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results (SEER-18) data on individuals diagnosed with pancreatic cancer from 2007 to 2016 (< 65 years of...
Introduction: We examined the relationship between financial burden, quality of life (QOL), and physical functioning for young adult (YA) cancer survivors under 40 years of age in comparison to their healthy peers and older cancer survivors ages 40-64 while adjusting for demographic factors, utilization, and access to care. Methods: Data from the M...
Background:
With early intervention, palliative care (PC) can improve quality of life and increase survival among advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (aNCSLC) patients. However, PC is often offered late in the cancer treatment course and is underused. We characterized racial/ethnic inequities and the role of healthcare access in PC use among...
Objectives:
Individuals with prior cancer diagnosis are more likely to have low muscle mass (LMM) than their cancer-free counterparts. Understanding the effects of LMM on the prognosis of cancer survivors can be clinically important. The aim of this study was to investigate whether risks for all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mort...
Background:
Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers for several diseases, including cancer. However, the diagnostic accuracy of miRNA panels in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains inconsistent and there is still lack of meta-analyses to determine whether miRNA panels can serve as robust biomarkers for CRC diagnosi...
Background
More than 3 billion people do not have access to clean energy and primarily use solid fuels to cook. Use of solid fuels generates household air pollution, which was associated with more than 2 million deaths in 2019. Although local patterns in cooking vary systematically, subnational trends in use of solid fuels have yet to be comprehens...
Subha Madhavan (S.M.) and Anas Belouali (A.B.) were not included as authors in the published article [...]
Background
The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year.
Methods
For this analysis,...
Background:
The intersection of cancer and aging is an emerging public health challenge in developed countries because of the aging and expansion of the population.
Aims:
We convened a panel of experts to share their insights on this topic at the inaugural University of Florida Health Cancer Center's (UFHCC's) Cancer and Aging Symposium, which w...
PURPOSE
Using real-world data (RWD)–based trial simulation approach, we aim to simulate colorectal cancer (CRC) trials and examine both effectiveness and safety end points in different simulation scenarios.
METHODS
We identified five phase III trials comparing new treatment regimens with an US Food and Drug Administration–approved first-line treat...
Background: Combating viral hepatitis is part of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and WHO has put
forth hepatitis B elimination targets in its Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis (WHO-GHSS) and Interim
Guidance for Country Validation of Viral Hepatitis Elimination (WHO Interim Guidance). We estimated the global,
regional, a...
Introduction
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the USA and worldwide, and lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose CT (LDCT) has the potential to improve lung cancer outcomes. A critical question is whether the ratio of potential benefits to harms found in prior LCS trials applies to an older and potentially sicker population. Th...
This cohort study examines the association between biological aging and all-cause and cardiovascular disease–specific death rates among individuals with cancer.
This study aims to develop a natural language processing (NLP) tool to extract the pulmonary nodules and nodule characteristics information from free-text clinical narratives. We identified a cohort of 3,080 patients who received low dose computed tomography (LDCT) at the University of Florida health system and collected their clinical narratives i...
Cancer incidence and mortality rates continue to rise globally, a trend mostly driven by preventable cancers occurring in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). There is growing concern that many LMICs are ill-equipped to cope with markedly increased burden of cancer due to lack of comprehensive cancer control programs that incorporate primary, s...
BACKGROUND
Epidemiologic evidence reporting the role of frailty in survival among older adults with a prior cancer diagnosis is limited.
METHODS
A total of 2050 older adults (≥60 years old) surviving for at least 1 year after a cancer diagnosis and 9474 older adults without a cancer history from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey...