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Publications (38)
Angular leaf spot (ALS) caused by Pseudocercospora griseola (Sacc.) is one of the serious fungal diseases affecting dry bean in Africa, including South Africa. Host plant resistance is the best management strategy, of which its effectiveness requires knowledge of the genetics underlying the resistance in guiding breeding efforts. In this study, the...
Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is grown under an extensive range of agro-climatic conditions and is an essential source of protein and income globally. This study aimed to evaluate yield performance, stability, and bacterial brown spot (BBS) disease resistance of fourteen dark red kidney genotypes across environments in South Africa namely Caroli...
An international effort was initiated with the evaluation of a diverse set of large‐seeded Andean common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the Andean Diversity Panel, in sub‐Saharan Africa. Several entries in the panel have been selected for extensive characterization on the basis of high performance across multiple location × year trials in Tanzania—...
Bacterial brown spot (BBS) disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae is an important disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), with grain yield losses of 55% reported in South Africa. This study aimed to identify BBS disease-resistant genotypes from 415 Andean Diversity Panel (ADP) dry bean lines and 5 check cultivars under field condi...
Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a nutrient‐dense food rich in proteins and
minerals. Although a dietary staple in numerous regions, including Eastern
and Southern Africa, greater utilization is limited by its long cooking time as
compared with other staple foods. A fivefold genetic variability for cooking
time has been identified for P. vulgari...
Seedling root phenotypes may have important impacts on fitness and are more easily measured than mature root phenotypes. We phenotyped the roots of 577 genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), representing the bulk of the genetic diversity for recent cultivars and landraces in this species. Root architectural phenotypes of seedlings germinate...
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important staple crop for smallholder farmers, particularly in Eastern and Southern Africa. To support common bean breeding and seed dissemination, a high throughput SNP genotyping platform with 1500 established SNP assays has been developed at a genotyping service provider which allows breeders without the...
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Psph) Race 6 is a globally prevalent and broadly virulent bacterial pathogen with devastating impact causing halo blight of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Common bean lines PI 150414 and CAL 143 are known sources of resistance against this pathogen. We constructed high-resolution linkage maps for three r...
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Psph) Race 6 is a globally prevalent and broadly virulent bacterial pathogen with devastating impact causing halo blight of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Common bean lines PI 150414 and CAL 143 are known sources of resistance against this pathogen. We constructed high-resolution linkage maps for three r...
Common bacterial blight (CBB) disease limits dry bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production worldwide. Resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) from tepary bean ( Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) have been used to develop dry bean lines with high levels of CBB resistance. This study examines the effects that two QTL from tepary bean BC420 (B) on chromo...
Bacterial brown spot (BBS), caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss), is a disease of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in South Africa. Planting of pathogen-free seed and application of copper-based chemicals do not guarantee disease control. Genetic resistance is considered the most effective control measure. BBS occurs regularly in m...
Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) of the Andean gene pool, including red mottled, kidney, cranberry, and yellow seed types are important in Africa and the Americas. Andean dry bean breeding gains have lagged behind those of Mesoamerican beans. This difference may result from a narrower genetic base in the Andean gene pool and reduced breeding effor...
The common bean is the most relevant grain legume for direct human consumption. The current bean germplasm collections show a wide variation of phenotypes, although in many developed countries where landraces are being replaced by elite cultivars the genetic erosion is progressively affecting the species. This crop has expanded through all the cont...
Bacterial brown spot (BBS) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a seed-borne bacterial disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss). Dry bean is an important field crop in South Africa and all commercially available South African dry bean cultivars are susceptible to BBS. The aim of this study was to determine the current distributio...
Halo bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Psp) is a serious seed-borne disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The disease can be controlled by major resistance (R) genes effective against specific races of the pathogen. Our objective was to characterize the R gene(s) conferring resistance to Psp Races 1, 5, 7,...
Common bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap), is a major yield-limiting factor of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production around the world. Two major CBB-resistant quantitative trait loci (QTL), linked to the sequence characterized amplified region markers BC420 and SU91, are located at chromosomes 6 and...
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Burk-holder) Young et al. (Psp) causes halo blight, which is a serious bacterial disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Several resistance (R) genes have been discovered in host differential cultivar ZAA 12. Our objectives were to further characterize and enable marker-assisted selection (MAS) of the...
Common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and its fuscans variant, X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli var. fuscans is a widespread disease of dry beans in South Africa. Variation within pathogen populations has been reported and in order to breed for resistance it is important to investigate whether variation exists within...
Breeding efforts to improve resistance in dry bean to common bacterial blight (CBB) have focused on applying marker assisted selection strategies. We examined the interaction between two independent QTL (quantitative trait loci), SAP6 and SU91, on the expression of resistance to CBB in a pinto bean F₂ population and dark red kidney bean F₂ populati...
Halo blight [caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Burkh.) Young et al. (Psp)] is a serious seed-borne bacterial disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A few resistance (R) genes and quantitative trait loci provide control to one or more races of the pathogen. To better understand monogenic resistance and improve breeding effici...
Resistance to common bacterial blight in common bean is a complex trait that is quantitatively inherited. Combining QTL is the current strategy for improving resistance, but interactions among different QTL are unknown. We examined the interaction between two independent QTL present in dry bean breeding line XAN 159. The QTL were studied in a near...
Disease surveys were conducted during 1995/96 in seed production fields, and 1996/97 and 1997/98 in commercial dry bean-producing areas to determine incidence, severity and spread of bacterial diseases in South Africa. A total of 682 seed production fields at 31 localities and 81 commercial fields at 24 localities were surveyed. Common bacterial bl...
A previously unreported leaf spot disease was observed in dry bean variety trials in Harare, Zimbabwe, during March 2000. It was subsequently noticed on the cultivars Ex-Rico and C20 in commercial fields. The irregular, brown, necrotic lesions (0.5 to 5 mm in diameter) resembled typical symptoms of bacterial brown spot. A fluorescent bacterium was...
Isolates of the halo blight pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola were collected in the bean-producing areas in South Africa from 1991 to 1996. Of the 1,128 isolates collected, 967 were identified as P. syringae pv. phaseolicola. The majority of these isolates were obtained from a wide range of Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars, and the rest fr...
Sequence characterised amplified region (SCAR) markers, linked to four independent quantitative trait loci (QTL) in XAN 159 and GN #1 Nebr. sel. 27, are available for indirect selection of resistance to common bacterial blight in Phaseolus vulgaris. Existing SCAR-markers, SU91, BC420, BC409 and SAP6, were evaluated for potential use in the South Af...
Verhandeling (MSc)--PU vir CHO, 1992. Includes bibliographical references (blaaie 57-62)