Deependra Singh

• PhD., Postdoc.
• Professor (Assistant) at Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University

Acne vulgaris is the 8th most commonly prevailing skin disorder worldwide. Its pervasiveness has been predominant in juveniles, especially males, during adolescence and in females during adulthood. The lifestyle and nutrition adopted have been significantly reported to impact the occurrence and frequency of acne. It typically occurs over the region...

The skin is a dynamic tissue that consists of different layers such as stratum corneum, the site for keratinocyte development and maturation for the natural changeover of skin. In psoriasis, this natural development of keratinocytes gets disturbed and aggregation of nucleated keratinocytes takes place in the epidermis of the skin, leading to the pr...

Background Menopause refers to the natural process of the “cessation of the menstrual cycle.” This phase predominantly affects aged women and can lead to various symptoms such as hot flashes, insomnia, night sweats, and sexual dysfunction, among others. Unfortunately, many women remain unaware of this condition, and some even choose to overlook the...

The primary purpose of the present work was to formulate folic acid (FA) conjugated biogenic sliver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded with dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). DSP is the potent glucocorticoids (GCs) which reduce the inflammatory cytokines but its application is restricted due to its unfav...

Meningitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the meninges, which are the protective membranes that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. The inflammation is typically caused by an infection, although it can also be triggered by other factors such as certain drugs or autoimmune disorders.

Introduction: The primary purpose of the present work was to formulate folic acid (FA) conjugated biogenic sliver nanoconstructs (AgNPs) loaded with dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) for the management of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). DSP is the potent glucocorticoids (GCs) which reduce the inflammatory cytokines but its application is restricted d...

The crisis of COVID-19 pandemic, has shaken up the whole world with its power of transmission and unknown treatment strategy. A disease that starts with fever, cold, and cough leads to extreme fatigue, loss in breathing capacity, alveolar damage, and eventual death. The disease forced human beings to stay at home to protect humankind. Due to the se...

The utilization of customary methods for oral cleanliness maintenance has a long-written history. Herbs are making a comeback all over the world. Herbal extracts have been used in dentistry to alleviate pain as antimicrobial plaque specialists, to delay receptor arrival, and as germicides, cancer prevention agents, antimicrobials, antifungals, anti...

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease that affects the joints and other vital organs and diminishes the quality of life. The current developments and innovative treatment options have significantly slowed disease progression and improved their quality of life. Medicaments can be delivered to the inflamed sy...

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that has a major effect on the quality of life for millions of people throughout the world. The pathogenesis of psoriasis has revealed intricate molecular networks and signaling pathways, opening new avenues for precision medicine. Psoriasis treatments include topical therapy, phototherapy, systemic therap...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic symmetrical systemic disorder that not only affects joints but also other organs such as heart, lungs, kidney, and liver. Approximately there is 0.5%-1% of the total population affected by RA. RA pathogenesis still remains unclear due to which its appropriate treatment is a challenge. Further, multitudes of fa...

One of the most often utilized methods for drug discovery is molecular docking. With docking, one may discover new therapeutically relevant molecules by targeting the molecule and predicting the target-ligand interactions as well as different conformation of ligand at various positions. The prediction signifies the effectiveness of the molecule or...

Chili peppers owe their pungent and spicy flavor to capsaicinoids, bioactive alkaloids that have been extracted from them using various methods over the past few decades. Capsaicinoids act as the most powerful activators of the human pain receptor TRPV1 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1). These compounds are currentl...

Nanobiomaterials combine nanotechnology methods with biomaterials to create customized structures for enhanced biomedical applications at the boundary between nanotechnology and biology. This chapter focuses on the basic principles and current advancements related to the development, production, analysis, interactions with host organisms, and medic...

Arthritis is a frequent autoimmune disease with undefined etiology and pathogenesis. Scientific community constantly fascinating quercetin (QUR), as it is the best-known flavonoid among others for curative and preventive properties against a wide range of diseases. Due to its multifaceted activities, the implementation of QUR against various types...

Local and systemic treatments exist for psoriasis, but none can do more than control its symptoms because of its numerous unknown mechanisms. The lack of validated testing models or a defined psoriatic phenotypic profile hinders antipsoriatic drug development. Despite their intricacy, immune-mediated diseases have no improved and precise treatment....

Wound healing responses play a major role in chronic inflammation, which affects millions of people around the world. One of the daunting tasks of creating a wound-healing drug is finding equilibrium in the inflammatory cascade. In this study, the molecular and cellular mechanisms to regulate wound healing are explained, and recent research is addr...

An increasing number of gene therapy applications necessitate the use of delivery methods that are risk-free, highly effective, highly targeted, and do not cause any threat to the recipient. Due to their modifiable nature with a variety of physicochemical characteristics, nanostructures for nucleic acid (NA) delivery provide an unparalleled possibi...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is classified as a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder, associated with a varied range of immunological changes, synovial hyperplasia, cartilage destructions, as well as bone erosion. The infiltration of immune-modulatory cells and excessive release of proinflammatory chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors into the...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic symmetrical systemic disorder that not only affects joints but also other organs such as heart, lungs, kidney, and liver. Approximately there is 0.5%-1% of the total population affected by RA. RA pathogenesis still remains unclear due to which its appropriate treatment is a challenge. Further, multitudes of fa...

Cancer cells, like all other cells in the body, require energy to perform basic functions, develop, and survive. Glucose metabolism (GM) is the primary energy source for cancer cells and is necessary for their proliferation, growth, and survival. This suggests that energy deprivation to cancer cells might help to keep the disease under control or e...

Background: The Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged in a variety of forms since its first appearance in early December 2019. The Omicron variation (B.1.1.529) was recently confirmed as a relatively new Variant of Concern (VOC). There are several mutations in this S-protein, making it an exclusively lethal version of the pr...

Various skin problems are affected significantly by a combination of factors that include genetics, environmental factors, particular infections, and hitherto unexplained variables. The structure and function of key cellular networks may be altered by a single mutation, leading to significant phenotypic changes and the development of abnormal skin...

Immune disorders are a self-attacking state of our defense mechanism influencing diverse body tissues and organs. One of the most significant obstacles in treatment for immune system ailments is the imprecise targeting of therapeutic molecules to the ideal cells due to a lack of insights into disease pathophysiology prompting deficient therapeutic...

Nanomedicine is a rapidly developing area of medicine with promising applications in molecular nanotechnology for safe, effective, and precise drug delivery. To date, many inorganic and polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with and without surface modifications have been produced for selective drug delivery. An autoimmune disorder is a self-destructive im...

The unending outburst of COVID-19 has reinforced the necessity of SARS-CoV-2 identification approaches for the prevention of infection transmission and the proper care of severe and critical patients. As there is no cure, a prompt and reliable diagnosis of SARS-CoV2 is vital to counter the spread and to provide adequate care and treatment for the i...

Psoriasis is a most devastating autoimmune condition of anomalously differentiating keratinocytes modifying the barrier function of skin for topical medication. A recurring supply of antiinflammatory therapeutics at a viable epidermal layer is needed to regulate the skin pathology in psoriasis. To meet these treatment targets, traditional modules s...

Psoriasis is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory condition of skin affecting 125 million populaces around the globe. It is implicated as a result of multifaceted phenomena involving various cell and subcell activities with the aid of numerous cellular and molecular components including signaling aisle and regulatory proteins owing to the development...

In recent decades, topical treatments to dermal disorders have shown ineffectiveness in delivering the medication at a particular location without a suitable drug carrier. Psoriasis treatment is hindered because of the ineffective delivery and efficacy of conventional pharmaceutical treatment. In conventional medication formulation approach, it is...

Psoriasis is a highly complex autoimmune disease of skin with keratinocytes that differentiate abnormally. Because of the inaccessibility of the adequate delivery system, a very favored treatment approaches contemplating topical treatment with current delivery approach are unreliable in targeting disease symptoms. The current work involved the deve...

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the skin that tends to affect around 2-3% of the global population. As a cascade of events occurs concurrently during psoriasis pathogenesis, treatment with a therapeutic combination is primarily concerned. The conventional formulation containing a combination of anti-inflammatory corticoste...

Wound healing in diabetes is remarkably delayed due to various underlying pathological processes. Diabetes alters all the stages of wound healing such as remodeling, proliferation, hemostasis, and inflammatory phases. In diabetic patients, minor skin lesions may lead to unhealed chronic ulcers, and ultimately result in infection, gangrene, even amp...

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the skin to alter its structure and physiology and express the phenotypic function of abnormal epidermal cell growth through a cascade of molecular, and cellular intervention. The histological changes in skin include inflammation, scaling, hyperproliferation of epidermis resulting in thickenin...

Present work focuses on the development and optimization (Box-Behnken design) of calcipotriol (CP) loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) enriched nanogel for topical treatment of psoriasis. In this regard, CP-NLCs were prepared, optimized, and investigated in vitro for various physical parameters. Further, the optimized batch of CP-NLCs was loa...

Innumerable techniques have been explored to fabricate delivery systems for bioactives/biologic agents. Major hindrance in the execution of these techniques for scale-up production is the requirement of defined steps including practicality of process, excipient compatibility, process and formulation optimization, scale-up and validation with a view...

Bioactives and/or biological agents are vital substances (i.e., vitamins and phytoactives) that occur in nature or fabricated intentionally (i.e., vaccines and recombinant protein) and are fortified for providing immense health benefits. These bioactives provide distinctive useful impacts on human health including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, ant...

Bioactives (drugs and biomolecules), including herbs, proteins, and peptides offer potential therapeutic regimens for treatment of various brain ailments, provided challenges regarding their efficient and selective delivery to the brain are coped up. Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is one of the most-regulated and highly efficient physiological barriers...

Scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder, characterized by morphological changes in skin followed by visceral organs. The pathogenesis of scleroderma involves immune imbalance and generation of auto antibodies. The major causes of scleroderma include multitude of factors such as immune imbalance, oxidative stress, genetics and environment factors. A c...

Wound management in diabetic patient is of an extreme clinical and social concern. The delayed and impaired healing makes it more critical for research focus. The research on impaired healing process is proceeding hastily evident by new therapeutic approaches other than conventional such as single growth factor, dual growth factor, skin substitutes...

Psoriasis is defined as a long-lasting multifactorial inflammatory autoimmune skin condition precisely characterized by delimited, erythematic papules with adherent shiny scales. The conditions are led by hyperproliferative responses of epidermis due to hyperactivation and immature keratinocytes production. The psoriatic skin consists of the thicke...

The present work aim to prepare and evaluate multiphase hydrogel system incorporated with quercetin loaded liposomes (QLH), for wound healing. The quercetin loaded liposomal hydrogel were prepared by taking 15% carbopol and varying gelatin ratio. The clear and transparent hydrogel was obtained by taking ratio of gelatin to carbapol (6/4) compared t...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease occurring in larger population, characterized by synovial inflammation followed by destruction of joint. Major concerned factor for cause of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been related to oxidative stress due to environmental toxicity and immune imbalance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated fro...

Transdermal delivery serves as non-invasive and effortless terminable means for systemic as well as topical drug delivery and finds itself as an option to conventional delivery route. Significant impervious nature of skin is the greatest hurdle for successful delivery of drug molecules to the deeper layers of skin for systemic absorption. Many appr...

Psoriasis is a complex multifactor red blistering autoimmune skin disorder depicted by T-cell inception, neighbourhood vascular changes, abnormal keratinocyte extension, and neutrophil activation. The fabricated meds used to treat it are having undesired indications and it has been seen that some the synthetic medications have brutal impact on psor...

The hasty developments in nanotechnology will have intense impact on various areas of therapeutic applications like drugs and bioactive delivery, tissue engineering, and other application. This review mainly emphasized on the nanoparticle systems for delivery of antimicrobial drug. Various antimicrobial agents have been used to kill or inhibit the...

Lupeol entrapped chitosan-gelatin hydrogel (LCGH) films were prepared by solution cast method by blending chitosan and gelatin solution using glycerol as plasticizer, followed by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. LCGH films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scannin...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) released by activated macrophages causes oxidative stress, pain and inflammation and play a central role in causing inflammatory disorders like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thus therapeutics that can inhibit the production of ROS by macrophages has great clinical potential. Both Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Serratiopep...

Psoriasis is a highly inflamed, chronic, autoimmune skin disorder affecting 2–5% of the world population. Complete cure for psoriasis is still lacking and there remains a substantial challenge for world health systems to explore a new drug moiety or delivery system which could safely and effectively manage psoriasis without compromising patient com...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder distinct with series of complex change with unknown genesis. Constant effort has been made to treat RA through varied form of bioactives involving drugs, biologics, enzymes, genetic and hormones. Thus advancement in therapy involved introduction of targeted approaches and formulation of novel cart...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder distinguished by synovial inflammation followed by destruction of joint. The pathogenesis of arthritis involves immune imbalance of the endogenous system. Causative factors include immune imbalance, oxidative stress, genetics, and environment. Continued effort has been made to treat RA via chemica...

Biopolymer lipid is an excellent source of construction for nanomaterials of different architectures to resolve many issues of dermal delivery systems. Autoimmune disorders of the skin are a major problem, faced by 1–3% of the population worldwide. The major disorders include scleroderma, psoriasis, dermatomyositis, vitiligo, epidermolysis bullosa,...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder of the digestive tract reported to be primarily caused by oxidative stress. In this study, alginate encapsulated nanoceramic carriers were designed to deliver acid labile antioxidant enzyme catalase orally. Complete system was characterized for size, loading efficiency, in vitro antioxida...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder. Females are highly affected by the ill effect of arthritis due to misbalancing of sex hormone. Macrophages, T cells and B cells infiltrate the synovium that lines the joints, while the synovial fluid is dominated by neutrophils. Chronic inflammation leads to destruction of joi...

Impaired wound healing is an important clinical problem in diabetes and results in slow wound healing which may lead to infection, sepsis, gangrene and even amputations. In the present study, polymer (collagen and arginine) based dressings were prepared to be applied as scaffold for the control release of Lupeol (Lu), a triterpeniod that acts as an...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an incessant, reverting, inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract encompassing two entities, namely, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Numerous protocols have been explored to treat these dreadful diseases, including the use of different IBD drugs with different modes of action and rout...

The aim of the current study was to develop and optimize Fluocinolone acetonide (FA) loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) and to evaluate its potential as topical delivery system for management of psoriasis. FA loaded NLCs were successfully developed by modified microemulsion method and optimized using 3-level Box-Behnken design. NLCs were ev...

Lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding protein from the transferrin family has been reported to have numerous functions. Even though Lf was first isolated from milk, it is also found in most exocrine secretions and in the secondary granules of neutrophils. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity reports on lactoferrin identified its significance in...

Impaired wound healing is an important clinical problem in diabetes and results in slow wound healing which may lead to infection, sepsis, gangrene and even amputations. In the present study, polymer (collagen and arginine) based dressings were prepared to be applied as scaffolds for the control release of ursolic acid (UA), a triterpenoid that act...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that includes two entities, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The main cause includes inflammation and generation of reactive oxygen species. S-Allyl-L-Cysteine Sulfoxide (ACSO), an active constituent obtained from Allium Sativum possess antioxidant and a...

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disorder. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress have been reported to be important causes of arthritis. Paeoniflorin, an active glycoside constituent obtained from plant Paeonia lactiflora, possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory activity and inhibits joint destruction....

Psoriasis is a common genetically determined chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting 2 – 5% of the population worldwide. Psoralen, an active constituent present in Psoralea corylifolia, has been widely used as traditional medicine for the treatment of various skin disorders. However, the drug delivery system used for administering the herbal m...

Hydrogels have increased attention in drug-delivery systems and other areas of biomedical engineering. Hydrogels are a remarkable strategy to develop scaffolds for tissue engineering and provide basic knowledge to comprehend cell–scaffold interactions, cellular response, and tissue formation. Hydrogels are hydrophilic, crosslinked three-dimensional...

Rutin is a polyphenolic naturally occurring compound potentially having a huge impact in human benefit which includes wound healing, cardiovascular, carcinoma therapeutic activities as well as have nutraceutical benefits. The objective of study was to establish a precise, accurate, sensitive and reliable method for estimation at low concentrations...

The aim of this study was to develop, optimize and evaluate the potential of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as a topical delivery system for targeted and prolonged release of Fluocinolone acetonide (FA). FA loaded SLNs were successfully developed by an emulsification–ultrasonication method and optimized using 17-run, 3-factor, 3-level Box–Behnken...

The basic objective of this study was to prepare quercetin-loaded liposomes by the thin film hydration method. The liposomal formulation was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A rotation speed of 75 rpm and a water bath temperature of 46°C were finalized as the best for optimized drug-loaded liposomal formulation. In vitro characte...

Over the past few years, nanoparticles and their role in drug delivery have been the centre of attraction as new drug delivery systems. Various forms of nanosystems have been designed, such as nanoclays, scaffolds and nanotubes, having numerous applications in areas such as drug loading, target cell uptake, bioassay and imaging. The present study d...

Aim of the study was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and to study the effect of various process variables in order to optimize the formulation for effective delivery. Drug loaded SLNs were successfully prepared and characterized by TEM, XRD and DSC study. Process variables like surfactant concentration, dr...

The aim of study was for the development of any novel formulation, assessment of drug-excipients compatibility using different techniques such as thermal and isothermal stress testing were used to assess the compatibility of drug with excipients., represents an important phase in preformulation stage. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fou...

The aim of the present study was tochecked the compatibility between drug: lipid and drug: excipients. Ellagic acid was selected as model drug while phospholipid and Cholesterol were considered excipients. The study was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Diffraction scanning calorimetric (DSC) and High performance liquid c...

The transdermal route of drug delivery has gained immense interest for pharmaceutical researchers. The major hurdle for diffusion of drugs and bioactives through transdermal route is the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin. Currently, various approaches such as physical approach, chemical approach, and delivery carriers have been used...

Amber Vyas, Manju Singh, Deependra Singh, Vishal Jain, Bina Gidwani and Nagendra Singh Chauhan .Utilization of Cyclodextrin and its Derivatives in Novel Delivery of Herbal Constituents and Bioactives By Editor: V.K.Gupta Bioactive Phytochemicals: Perspectives for Modern Medicine - Vol 2 Daya Publishing House, New Delhi. Year: 2014, ISBN: 9788170359...

In recent times, the utilization of herbal bioactives is increased worldwide because of their incredible therapeutic effects and negligible side effects as compared to the synthetic medicines. However, delivery of herbal drugs has need of modifications with the intention to accomplish sustained and controlled release. Previously herbal bioactiv...

Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in India and the most common cause of cancer related deaths. Smoking is one of the most important cause but other factors such as contact with asbestos, radon gas or a lot of air pollution also contribute. Cancer specific drug targeting has been a very actively investigated area for over last two deca...

India has largest number of people suffering from diabetes mellitus in the world. Diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease characterized by both insulin resistance and β cell failure, resulting in a decline in insulin secretion and increased blood glucose levels. During the past three decades, various approaches have been studied for delivery of...

Toxins are naturally present in a wide variety of plants. Plants evolve to generate natural products as a means of defence against animals. Phytotoxins have been reported for many useful effects. Some plants produce toxins that can severely harm or destroy any herbivore. They can be modified to exemplify improved affinity and efficacy for healt...

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder of the skin with relapsing episodes of inflammation and hyperkeratosis. Numerous approaches have been explored to treat this dreadful disease using different antipsoriatic drugs with different modes of action and routes of administration. But, till date there is no cure for psoriasis due to lack of an ideal carri...