Deepak Saxena

• ED at IndianOil

div class="section abstract"> It has been reported that 90% of greases are used for the lubrication of rolling element bearings. Greases are important systemic components which greatly influence the life of the bearings besides the dynamic test conditions encountered throughout its operation such as load, speed, temperature and bearing design. The...

div class="section abstract"> One of the most critical parts of the heat treatment process is the quenching operation, which is defined as rapid cooling of a work-piece by immersing it into a quenching media such as water, oil, or polymer. Quenching is carried out for altering and achieving the desired mechanical properties of industrial materials....

Structural insight of Indian origin kerogen has been investigated by Solid State ¹³C Cross Polarization Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹³C CPMAS NMR) and Infrared (IR) Spectroscopic techniques. Cross Polarization (CP) with decoupling using two pulse phase modulation (TPPM) and Bloch decay experiment with 1H decoupling have been pe...

In this work, a new analytical approach based on proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been optimized for the direct estimation of different phenolic components in a phosphate ester sample. In high resonance proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of fire resistance hydraulic fluids, methyl protons of cresyl, xylyl, and other phosph...

The wax precipitated from oil mixtures primarily consists of C18 to C36 (macro crystalline waxes) or C30 to C60 (micro crystalline waxes), both made of aligned paraffinic and naphthenic molecules. Paraffins have significant impact on wax deposition characteristics as paraffin waxes react and respond easily to temperature changes due to its straight...

Bio-oil obtained from pyrolysis is highly complicated mixture with valued chemicals. In order to reduce the complexity for unambiguous characterization of components present in bio-oil, solvent extractions using different solvents with increasing polarity have been adopted. The fractions have been analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spect...

A two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC–TOFMS) method was developed for the hydrocarbon class composition analysis and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) estimation of raffinate column bottom (RCB), which is generated as a by-product from linear alkyl benzene (LAB) plants. The molecul...

The stability of calcite, strontianite and witherite was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Formation of nanocrystalline calcia and strontia from calcite and strontianite respectively was seen under electron beam heating in TEM studies. Former transformation starts happening instantaneously while latter happens after few minutes of...

A gas chromatograph coupled with sulfur chemiluminscence detector (GC-SCD) has been used for the speciation of individual sulfur compounds in fractions of different crude oils. The crude oil fractions characterized were light naphtha (C5-90°C), heavy naphtha (90–140°C), kerosene (140–240°C), and gas oil (240–370°C) fractions obtained from true boil...

One of the major phenomena occurs during the field trial of synthetic lubricants (SL) is their contamination with mineral oils due to leaking, improper handling and lubrication practices. Effect of this contamination beyond certain percentage generates excess foam, deteriorates air release, clogs the filters etc. which finally leads to damage of th...

Accurate characterization of ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPC) composition and triad sequence distribution is critical for understanding structure property relationships, developing product specifications and for researchers involved in new product development. Generally, the H-1 NMR spectra of olefins copolymers are difficult to analyze in terms...

The concentration of a nonionic surfactant and water pH were varied in an oil-in-water emulsion to minimize the friction coefficient between a steel ball sliding on a steel flat. At a surfactant concentration near the CMC (critical micelle concentration) the oil droplet size was found to be minimum. In this paper we study the microstructure of the...

The primary role of rolling oil in cold rolling is to reduce friction at the rubbing interface of the work roll and metal sheet surface. The rolling performance as well as cost effectiveness of rolled products is influenced by quality of the rolling oil. Lubricants are required to function under increasingly stressful operating conditions, so it is...

The relationship between the tribological characteristics of 11 commercially used neat cutting oils was identified using four ball test and an advanced thread tapping machine. The tribological performance of the cutting oils correlated with each other. The correlation of the tribological properties with field performance of different neat and solub...

Due to growing environmental concerns, eco-friendly processes and materials have become one of the key interests of research and in the area of tribology, natural esters are gaining popularity as lubricants. Natural esters are being used in many applications as eco-friendly lubricant base. In Europe, canola/rapeseed oil and sunflower oil are mainly...

Oxidation stability is the single most important characteristic of lubricants that affects their service life and high-temperature applicability. The chemical composition of base oils determines to a large extent the oxidation stability of the lubricants. For steam turbine oils, oxidation stability is more important still, as the oil is expected to...

To understand the relationship between the chemical composition of the base oil and the results in standard turbine oil oxidation tests, a set of 12 turbine base oils were characterized by mass spectrometry and studied for their oxidation stability in standard tests after fortifying them with a rust and oxidation inhibitor (R&O) package. A simple m...

A procedure for assessing the degree of removal of lubricating oils from fabrics was developed by the Bombay Textile Research Association and the Indian Oil Corporation. The resulting test method is useful as a screening tool for selecting lubricants for use in a mill with respect to their scourability in normal wet processing.

The design of modern hydraulic systems essentially includes sophisticated servo-controlled mechanisms coupled with fine filters. For the smooth operation of these systems, new formulations of antiwear (AW) hydraulic oils have been developed incorporating thermally stable zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP). It has been established that problem free...

The incidence of damage due to oil stains in textiles produced in India is discussed. While prevention is the best solution, removal of stains may still be necessary. Around 70% of grey stains are due to contaminated lubricants. Only a small proportion can be removed by a mill's normal wet processing, but the problem could be controlled by using a...

High-temperature sulfidation studies have been carried out on Fe-15Cr-4Al with and without 1% Y in the temperature range 700–1000C in an H 2-H2 S environment over the sulfur pressure range of 10 –9–10–3 atm. Two-layered and three-layered sulfide scales were observed in both alloys at low and high sulfur pressures, respectively. The pegging phenomen...

The sulphidation behaviour of Fe—15Cr—4Al alloy has been investigated under low sulphur vapour pressure of 10−9 to 10−3 atm in the temperature range of 700–1000°C. Distinct changes in sulphide scale morphology were observed with the increase of partial vapour pressure of sulphur (ps2). Triplex and duplex sulphide layers were observed at higher and...

High temperature sulphidation studies of Fe-15 wt% Cr-4 wt% Al with or without the additions of Y(1 wt%) and Zr (0. 2 to 1 wt%) were conducted at temperature of 850 degree C in H//2 -H//2 S gaseous environment. The experimental results showed that these alloys developed a continuous, fragile, thick and porous sulphide scale. The incorporation of th...