Dee Pei

• MD
• Fu Jen Catholic University

The skin is subjected to various external factors that contribute to aging including oxidative stress from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This study investigated the distribution of aquaporin-8 (AQP8), a protein that transports H2O2 across biological membranes, in skin cells, and its effects in mitigating H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Human dermal fibr...

Abstracts Glucose homeostasis in the body is determined by four diabetes factors (DFs): insulin resistance (IR), glucose effectiveness (GE), and the two phases of insulin secretion—first phase (FPIS) and second phase (SPIS). Previous research points to a correlation between elevated levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (γGT) and an increased risk o...

Background: In women after menopause, the incidence of diabetes mellitus increases. Increased insulin resistance (IR), decreased glucose effectiveness (GE), and the first and second phases of insulin secretion (FPIS and SPIS), are the four most important factors that trigger glucose intolerance and diabetes (diabetogenic factor [DF]). In the cross...

Background and Objectives: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adolescents has increased rapidly in recent decades. However, the role of adipokines on pathophysiology in young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (YDM) is not clear. In this article, we explored the relationships between the adipokines (visfatin and retinol binding protein 4 (RB...

When the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began to ravage the world in 2019, the World Health Organization became concerned. The epidemic has a high mortality and contagion rate, with severe health and psychological impacts on frontline emergency medical service system practitioners. There are many hospital staff surveys, but few have covered th...

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is one of the most well-studied and important factors that increase the risk of prefrailty in older people in Taiwan. This study was conducted to examine whether metabolic biomarkers, lifestyle behaviors, body composition, and chronic diseases are associated with frailty in older people with T2DM. We also observed how people...

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between alanine transaminase (ALT) level and biphasic insulin secretion (BPIS) in healthy elderly Han Chinese individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled healthy elderly participants aged ≥60 years that were part of a health examination programme. In order to explore the correlation and sever...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have a high risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scan (Th-201 scan) is a non-invasive and extensively used tool in recognizing CAD in clinical settings. In this study, we attempted to compare the predictive accuracy of evaluating abnormal Th-201 scans using traditional mul...

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Surgery remains the first-choice treatment. Chemotherapy is considered in the middle and advanced stages, but has limited success. Microspherule protein 1 (MCRS1, also known as MSP58) is a protein originally identified in the nucleus a...

Background: High platelet count was noted in people with metabolic syndrome. A significant association between platelet count and various metabolic parameters had also been reported. However, all the studies hypothesized that these associations are linear relationships. This work investigated the potential non-linear relationships between platelet...

Increased insulin resistance (IR); decreased glucose effectiveness (GE); and both first-and second phase of insulin secretion (FPIS, SPIS) have always been important factors for the development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the relationships between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and these 4 factors in adult Chinese....

In recent decades, the obesity epidemic has resulted in morbidity and mortality rates increasing globally. In this study, using obese mouse models, we investigated the relationship among urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), metabolic disorders, glomerular filtration rate, and adipose tissues. Two groups, each comprised of C57BL/6J and BALB/c male...

Irisin, a novel myokine, is believed to be the crucial factor in converting white adipose tissue to beige adipose tissue. For this paper, we studied the relationship among irisin and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and insulin secretion and resistance in schoolchildren of Taiwan. Subjects receiving routine annual health examination at elem...

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is known to be one of the most prevalent diseases, and its prevalence is significantly associated with age and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Few studies have been conducted on liver function, MetS and insulin secretion among young adults. Objectives: In the present study, we explored the relationship between the li...

The Increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been observed in younger adults. Insulin resistance [IR], decreased first-, second-phase insulin secretion, and glucose effectiveness (GE) (IR, first phase insulin secretion [FPIS], second phase insulin secretion [SPIS], and GE), denoted as diabetes factors (DF), are core for developi...

It is critical to distinguish the rare neoplasm of mucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of the prostate (MPUAP) from either prostate origin or metastatic adenocarcinoma. This is mainly because they have different tumor staging, clinical behavior and treatment plans. In the current study, we try to fulfill the lack of knowledge in this fie...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. In this study, we used T2DM clinical variables to predict abnormality in thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scans (Th-201 scans). These clinical variables were summed stress score (SSS), summed rest score, and summed difference score (SDS), with data obtained from 368 male...

Background: This study aimed to build a hemogram-based decision tree to evaluate the association between current probability of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and prediction of future hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk. Methods: A total of 40,395 elder participants (≥60 years) were enrolled in a standard health exam...

It has been established that prediabetes can causes significant comorbidities, particularly in the elderly. The deterioration of glucose metabolism are generally considered to be results of the impairment of the 4 factors: first, second insulin secretion (FPIS, SPIS, respectively), glucose effectiveness (GE), and insulin resistance. In this study,...

Background: This study evaluated the relative influence of insulin resistance (IR), first-phase insulin secretion (FPIS), second-phase insulin secretion (SPIS), and glucose effectiveness (GE) in determining the difference between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) (ΔPG), in a Chinese population with type 2 diabetes (...

Background: Both hepatitis B (HB) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are related to metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, this relationship remains controversial. In this study, we determined the effects of NAFLD and HB infection on the risk of MetS among elderly individuals. Methods: In total, 24,500 individuals aged >65 years were enroll...

Objective: We denote the four major factors related to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) as "diabetes factor" (DF); increased insulin resistance (IR); decreased glucose effectiveness (GE); and the first-and-second-phase of insulin secretion (FPIS, SPIS). The level of hemoglobin (Hb) was found to be related to IR and FPIS, but no-known studi...

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Introduction The increased incidence of young‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (YDM) is a major health problem. In this study, we tried to identify metabolic syndrome (MetS) components that could be used to predict YDM. Methods Thirteen thousand and nine hundred healthy young adults were enrolled and followed for 6‐117 months. The Cox proportional h...

Background Diabetes is characterized by increased insulin resistance (IR) and decreased insulin secretion. The roles of glucose effectiveness (GE), first- and second-phase insulin secretion (FPIS, SPIS) are often overlooked. We denote these factors as diabetic factors (DF). Hemoglobin (Hb) has been shown to be related to IR and FPIS, but not to SPI...

Aim: Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are tightly associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, it is unclear whether the combination of normal CRP and ALT increases probability of the presence of MetS. Materials and methods: We enrolled 433 Chinese in health screening with both CRP and ALT in...

Aim The present study evaluated the relative influence of body mass index (BMI) on insulin resistance (IR), first-phase insulin secretion (FPIS), second-phase insulin secretion (SPIS), and glucose effectiveness (GE) at a fixed fasting plasma glucose level in an older ethnic Chinese population. Methods In total, 265 individuals aged 60 years with a...

Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. The relationships between γ-GT and cardiometabolic dysregulation remains unclear in adolescents. We enrolled 7,072 Taiwanese adolescents and followed them for a median of 6.8 years. The optimal cut-off values (CoVs) o...

Background Hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) production play major roles in progression of diabetic nephropathy. Anti-RAGE effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta (PPARδ) agonists was shown in previous studies. PPARδ agonists also stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) se...

Hypertension and prehypertension can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. However, whether the harmful effects of high blood pressure (BP) are also seen with high normotension remains unknown. This 10-year longitudinal follow-up study aimed to investigate the relationships among normal-range BP, metabolic syndr...

A growing body of evidence suggests type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the precise mechanisms remain unclear, T2DM may exacerbate neurodegenerative processes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling is an evolutionary preserved pathway that is important during hom...

Background: Glucose effectiveness (GE) is the capacity of glucose to increase its own uptake and to maintain endogenous hepatic glucose output under basal insulin levels. In addition to decreased insulin sensitivity (IS) and impaired insulin secretion, GE plays a critical role in glucose balance in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In the stud...

Aim: Impaired insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion (ISEC) are major pathophysiologies of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). ISEC has two phases: the first and second phases (second ISEC). In this study, we derived equations to identify patients with second ISEC deficiency (ISEC-D). Methods: Data from 96 patients, namely 19 with a normal fasting plasma...

Objective Although it is known that high uric acid (UA) level is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), most of the previous studies were focused on adults. Since aging becomes a major problem for many societies, in this longitudinal study, we investigated the role of UA in future T2DM and MetS in a large cohort of pe...

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a hereditary disease characterized by central nervous system-related motor dysfunctions. Sleep disorders and frequent non-motor manifestations are commonly comorbid with SCA. To elucidate this relationship, we present three cases in a family that included multiple SCA type 2 patients with various sleep disorders. Com...

Objectives: Insulin secretion has 2 phases, first-phase and second-phase insulin secretion (SPIS). The purpose of our study was to validate the SPIS derived from the modified low-dose graded glucose infusion test (MLDGGI) by using the standard SPIS derived from the low-dose graded glucose infusion test (LDGGI). Methods: Fourteen participants wer...

The concept of using single criterion of normal blood pressure with systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 90 mmHg for all ages is still disputable. The aim of the study is to identify the cutoff value of normotension in different age and sex groups. Totally, 127,922 (63,724 men and 64,198 women) were enrolled...

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is known to be correlated to future diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Due to the aging society, the increasing prevalence of MetS in the elderly is an important health issue. However, there were few studies focusing in this field. We investigated the changes of MetS components in the subgroups of the elderl...

Background Metabolic syndrome’s (MetS) role in predicting cardiovascular diseases and diabetes has been confirmed in many large cohort studies. Nontraditionally, hematogram components are significantly related to MetS in many different age groups. However, little is known about its role among the elderly. Methods We enrolled 18,907 subjects over t...

Both decreased insulin sensitivity, and impaired insulin secretion are 2 major pathophyisologies for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). There are two phases of ISEC-the first (1st ISEC) and second phase (2nd ISEC). In this study, we tried to build an equation to predict 2nd ISEC. Totally, 82 subjects, including 15 with normal fasting glucose, 26 with pre-diab...

Objectives Although serum uric acid (sUA) is not a criterion for diagnosing metabolic syndrome (MetS), many studies have identified a positive association between sUA and MetS in patients of various ages and ethnicities. This association has not been fully established in the very elderly. Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Setting and p...

The relationships between uric acid and chronic disease risk factors such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension have been studied in adults. However, whether these relationships exist in adolescents is unknown. We randomly selected 8,005 subjects who were between 10 to 15 years old at baseline. Measurements of uric acid...

Raw data used in this study. (XLSX)

Background: Hyperglycemia increases prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). But the role of normoglycemia on the development of T2D and CVD in elderly population remains unclear. Aim: To determine an optimal cut-off for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) to predict MetS and subsequent risk of T2...

We investigated the role of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its soluble receptors (suPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, insulin secretion, and resistance in schoolchildren. We enrolled 387 children, aged 10.3 ± 1.5 years, in Taipei. Anthropometry, fibrinolytic proteins, MetS compone...

Background: Abnormal hematogram components could predict future metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes. However, there was no study focusing on the subgroups of the elderly. In this ten-year longitudinal study, we investigated the association between hematogram components, future MetS and diabetes in the elderly. Methods: Subjects above 65 years...

Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), derived from membrane bound uPAR, is associated with inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we explored the expression of uPAR/suPAR in common biopsy-proven kidney diseases and the relationship between suPAR and staging of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN). Serum samples for suPAR and r...

Moderately intensive aerobic exercise can improve glucose metabolism and pancreatic β cell function in diabetic patients. To date, there is no evidence to support the long-term effectiveness of home-based exercise interventions on these outcomes. This study investigated the effectiveness of two moderately intense exercise programmes on glucose meta...

Background: In Taiwan, subjects over 65 years old have higher prevalence of hepatitis C. Among these patients, around 50% have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Since cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are main causes of death in this age group, in this cross-sectional study, we tried to evaluate the effects of NAFLD and hepatitis C on...

Nonalchoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS); it is common and accounts for 80% of the cases with abnormal liver function tests (LFTs). In addition, several studies have proved that there is a correlation between abnormal LFTs and MetS. Therefore, LFTs may represent the abnormal...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has an important implication from a preventive medicine perspective as early recognition and intervention will reduce associated mortality and morbidity. To better identify patients at risk for developing MetS and cardiovascular disease, we conduct a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study to shed light on the elev...

In cell model, we discovered the association between chaperonin-containing t-complex polypeptide 1 subunit β (TCP-1β) and early diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we further explored the relationships between TCP-1β and type 2 diabetic mellitus (DM). To mimic the clinical hyperfiltration state, a type 2 DM mice model was established by feedi...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) includes obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and dysglycemia. Subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibit features of MetS. The etiology of MetS is complex, involving both environmental and genetic factors. In this study, we examined the role of specific candidate genetic variants on the severity of MetS in T2D...

It is well known that higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This relationship still exists even the FPG is within the normal range. However, most of these studies did not exclude subjects who were on medications which would affect the results of the studies. At the same time, there is no longitudinal stud...

Aims. There are two phases of insulin secretion, the first (FPIS) and second phase (SPIS). In this study, we built equations to predict FPIS with metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and fasting plasma insulin (FPI). Methods. Totally, 186 participants were enrolled. 75% of participants were randomly selected as the study group to build equations. T...

Diabetic neuronal damage results from hyperglycemia followed by increased formation of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), which lead to neurodegeneration, although the molecular mechanisms are still not well understood. Metformin, one of the most widely used anti-diabetic drugs, exerts its effects in part by activation of AMP-activated pro...

Objective: To compare four different blood pressure (BP) measurements-systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP)-in predicting future metabolic syndrome (MetS) among the normotensive elderly population, and to estimate the optimal cutoff value of the best single measurement for clinical practice....

We investigated the role of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its soluble receptors (suPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, insulin secretion, and resistance in schoolchildren. We enrolled 387 children, aged 10.3 ± 1.5 years, in Taipei. Anthropometry, fibrinolytic proteins, MetS compone...

To investigate the role of E23K polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene on early onset of type 2 diabetes in school-aged children/adolescents in Taiwan, we recruited 38 subjects with type 2 diabetes (ages 18.6 ± 6.6 years; body mass index percentiles 83.3 ± 15.4) and 69 normal controls (ages 17.3 ± 3.8 years; body mass index percentiles 56.7 ± 29.0) from a...

Background: The sensitivity in cytology diagnosis of malignant metastatic pleural effusion (MMPE) is insufficient nowadays due to the similarity of the reactive mesothelial cells and malignant cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the key factors in tumor lymphangiogenesis and metastasis. Therefore, the aim of this study was t...

Decreased insulin sensitivity (IS) and impaired insulin secretion are major pathological features of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The product of these factors is the disposition index (DI). We aimed to develop an equation for predicting DI. We enrolled 167 participants in our study. We randomly assigned 126 (75%) of the participants to the study group,...

Objectives: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is proposed to predict future occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. There are some other "non-traditional" risk factors such as hematogram components that are also related to the same endpoints as MetS. In this four-year longitudinal study, we used hematogram components to build models for pr...

Aims/IntroductionHow to measure insulin resistance (IR) accurately and conveniently is a critical issue for both clinical practice and research. In the present study, we tried to modify the β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance test (BIGTT) in patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) by...

Apelin regulates insulin sensitivity and secretion in animals. However, whether plasma apelin predicts incident diabetes in humans remains unknown. We studied a cohort including 447 subjects (148 men, 299 women) without diabetes and followed for an average of 3y. Diabetes was diagnosed by an oral glucose tolerance test, plasma hemoglobin A1c, and i...

The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and uric acid (UA) has been explored in many studies, but there is paucity of information on hypo-uricemia and MetS. The current study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the lower end of UA and MetS in elderly. Subjects aged ≥60 years who underwent routine health checkups were enrolled, an...

Abstract Platelet count (PC) has been found to be related to the metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the role of PC on MetS remained unclear. In order to evaluate the relationship between PC and MetS components cross-sectionally and determine the optimal cutoff PCs for predicting the subsequent risk of MetS development with sex specificity, two sta...

Introduction: Decreased insulin action (insulin resistance) is crucial in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Decreased insulin action can even be found in normoglycaemic patients, and they still bear increased risks for cardiovascular disease. In this study, we built models using data from metabolic syndrome (Mets) components and the oral glucos...

Background: The white blood cell (WBC) count was one of the first inflammatory markers associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Recently, two longitudinal studies have demonstrated a cause and effect relationship between MetS and WBC counts among middle-aged adults. However, no study has used WBC cutoff values to predict MetS in the elderly. Me...

Objective: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. Despite excellent prognosis, the presence of cervical lymph node metastasis (cLNM) has a significant impact on tumor recurrence. However, the clinical management of cLNM remains controversial. The present study aims to shed light on the correlation between marke...

Type-2 diabetes is mainly the metabolic defect involving multiple organs. To conclude their intricate relationships, the term 'ominous octet' had been proposed to denote this phenomenon. In this study, we enrolled older men without any medications for MetS components to further elucidate the relationships between normoglycaemic state and MetS. We e...

Aim To compare the efficacy and safety of acarbose plus metformin fixed-dose combination (FDC) versus acarbose monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Eligible T2D patients undergoing treatment with diet control only or oral antidiabetic medications were run-in on acarbose 50 mg thrice-daily for 4 weeks, then randomised either to continue t...

The major contributors to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes are impaired insulin action and insulin secretion, including second phase insulin secretion (2(nd) ISEC). This study aimed to compare surrogates derived from the mixed meal tolerance test (MTT) with 2(nd) ISEC derived from modified low-dose graded glucose infusion (M-LDGGI) in patients w...

Aim: Cardiovascular disease and diabetes are important causes for mortality in older people. Both hypertension and prehypertension are correlated with them. Recently, health promotion and disease prevention in postmenopausal women have become an essential issue of public health policy. The present study aimed to evaluate whether the harmful effect...

Objective: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases with increasing fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in an elderly population with pre-diabetes or diabetes. However, it remains unknown whether the relationship between elevated FPG and increased risks of MetS exists in older women with normoglycemia...

Background: Low-grade inflammatory status was thought to be a major underlying mechanism in MetS. White blood cell (WBC) count was one of the inflammatory markers identified to be associated with MetS. Moreover, not only WBC but also hemoglobin (Hb) and platelet (PLT) were all associated with MetS. Objective: In this study, we tried to build mod...

Objective: Impaired insulin sensitivity (SI) and β-cell function are the two main causes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and are related to low-grade inflammation status. Trivalent chromium has shown to improve SI in our previous study. This might be due to the ability of decreasing interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) shown in animal...

Background Although uric acid (UA) is not in the definition of metabolic syndrome (MetS), several studies had shown the positive correlation between UA and MetS. Due to the progress in the public health, the aging of the general population becomes a major issue. However, the aforementioned relationship between UA and MetS is not fully explored in e...

Introduction: Hypertension and prehypertension are correlated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. Whether these harmful effects of the blood pressure (BP) could be found in normotensive is of interest. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, totally 2388 normotensive older men aged 65-80 years undergoing routine health examina...

Background With the growing number of elderly population in Taiwan and many other countries, the role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become more important recently. Although had been reported in different age groups, the relationship between platelet and MetS in the geriatric population still remains unknown. Methods We included 1187 Taiwanese m...

Background: The growing elderly population in Taiwan, as in many other countries, has resulted in increased importance of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Although it has been reported in different age groups, the relationship between platelets and MetS remains unknown in geriatric patients. Patients and Methods: We enrolled 1460 women >65 years old....

Background: Recent evidence has shown that adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) than normal during childhood. However, it has not been well-documented the extent to which systolic blood pressure predicts metabolic syndrome in male adolescents. Methods: We retrospectively studied a total of 61...

To evaluate the relationship between hemoglobin A1c variability and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. This was a retrospective cohort study in type 2 diabetic patients followed for at least 2 years between 2003 and 2009. A1C variability was determined from the standard deviation or coefficient of variation of serial A1C values (A1C(S...

The relationship between thyroid status and renal function has been well characterized. However, renal function is affected by various factors, including sex and dysglycemia. Because these studies have yet to be undertaken in a normoglycemic population, this study sought to explore the association between thyroid and renal function in large populat...

To evaluate the cause-effect relationships between serum levels of uric acid (UA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an adolescent-male cohort that was followed for 2.7 years. We enrolled male adolescents aged between 10 and 15 years at the baseline. A total of 613 subjects were divided into quartiles according to their UA levels, from UA-1 (the lowe...

Insulin resistance is one of the important underlying abnormalities of type 2 diabetes. The effect of thiazolidinedione on liver functions has been controversial in different studies. In this study, we evaluated the effect of rosiglitazone on liver enzymes in subjects with type 2 diabetes with and without abnormal liver function. Seventy-three pati...