Debarun Patra

Stanford Medicine | Stanford · Stanford Cardiovascular Institute

Several studies have implicated obesity-induced macrophage–adipocyte cross-talk in adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance. However, the molecular cues involved in the cross-talk of macrophage and adipocyte causing insulin resistance are currently unknown. Here, we found that a lipid-induced monokine cyclophilin-A (CyPA) significantly att...

In most cancers, tumor hypoxia downregulates the expression of C‐C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), and this downregulation has been implicated in monocyte infiltration and tumor progression; however, the molecular mechanism is yet not clear. We compared non‐cancerous and lung‐adenocarcinoma human samples for hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha (HIF‐1A), mic...

Under the condition of chronic obesity, an increased level of free fatty acids along with low oxygen tension in the adipose tissue creates a pathophysiological adipose tissue microenvironment (ATenv) leading to the impairment of adipocyte function and insulin resistance. Here, we found the synergistic effect of hypoxia and lipid (HL) surge in foste...

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased ratio of classically activated M1 macrophages/Kupffer cells to alternatively activated M2 macrophages, which plays an imperative role in the development & progression of NAFLD. However, little is known about the precise mechanism behind macrophage polarization shift. Here, we...

Management of chronic obesity-associated metabolic disor- ders is a key challenge for biomedical researchers. During chronic obesity, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) undergoes sub- stantial transformation characterized by a unique lipid-rich hypoxic AT microenvironment which plays a crucial role in VAT dysfunction, leading to insulin resistance (IR)...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which has been considered a pandemic due to its growing pervasiveness in the world population, is associated with obesity, ageing, a sedentary lifestyle, and the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Globally, adult diabetic cases hit 537 million in 2021 and escalated to approximately a billion by...

An imbalance in microbial homeostasis, referred to as dysbiosis, is critically associated with the progression of obesity-induced metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Alteration in gut microbial diversity and the abundance of pathogenic bacteria disrupt metabolic homeostasis and potentiate chronic inflammation, due to intestinal lea...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a pandemic due to its growing pervasiveness in the global population. Obesity is a critical risk factor for adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance to T2DM. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) accumulation in visceral fat pads is associated with adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance...

The pathophysiological lipid-rich hypoxic (HL) environment exhibits marked induction of miR-210-3p expression in ATMs in obese diabetic patients and in diet-induced obese mice (HFD) compared to controls. Co-cultured experiments elucidate ATMs-driven miR-210-3p potentiates adipocyte glucose intolerance. miR-210-3p mimic (MM) transfected adipocytes s...

Cancer, a vicious clinical burden that potentiates maximum fatality for humankind, arises due to unregulated excessive cell division and proliferation through an eccentric expression of cell cycle regulator proteins. A set of evolutionarily conserved machinery controls the cell cycle in an extremely precise manner so that a cell that went through t...

Increasing evidence supports vanillin and its analogs as potent toll-like receptor signaling inhibitors that strongly attenuate inflammation, though, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that vanillin inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced toll-like receptor 4 activation in macrophages by targeting the myeloid diff...

A survey in and around Ghatsila in East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand revealed the record of 72 butterfly species belonging to 6 families and 55 genera. Nymphalidae family dominated the recorded species (37.5%) followed by Lycaenidae (30.5%), Papilionidae (12.5%), Hesperiidae (9.72%), Pieridae (8.33%) and Rio- dinidae (1.38%). Different diversity...

An Online ASCB/EMBO meeting on Cell Biology From August 1-10, 2021

Obesity-induced chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue plays a crucial role in the development of various metabolic diseases including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. A plethora of studies have revealed that adipose tissue-resident macrophages (ATMs) are mainly responsible for the synthesis and release of different pro-inflammator...

Butterflies have always attracted attention due to their unique colourations. As most butterflies are highly specific in their niche utilisation, abundance of the species in a locality may advocate status of ecosystem functioning and environmental health. In recent times, different anthropogenic activities and unscientific management of nature have...

Gynacantha khasiaca Maclachlan, 1896 (Odonata Aeshnidae) is a beautiful dragonfly, distributed mainly in South-eastern Asia. During Odonata survey in different parts of North- Eastern and Eastern India from 2014 to 2016, some specimens of this species were observed and photographed from 6 localities. Present record of this species from Purba Medini...

A study was conducted on the status and diversity of Odonata (Dragonfly and damselfly) fauna in Midnapore, West Bengal, and associated areas in various natural and anthropological habitats from June 2013 to July 2015. Forty-one species of odonates belonging to the 29 Genera and 6 Families were recorded from the study area during the study period. S...