David Steyrl

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University of Vienna | UniWien · Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology

Objective: This study tested whether exposure to minority stress and structural stigma across multiple levels of the family system were associated with two indicators of well-being (life satisfaction, depressive symptoms) in LGBTQ+ parents across 19 European countries. Background: Minority stress (i.e., identity-based stress resulting from systemic...

Purpose The goal of the study was to identify the most important influences on professional healthcare use of people with depressive symptoms. We incorporated findings from research areas of health behaviors, stigma, and motivation to predict the help-seeking process variables from a wide range of personal factors and attitudes. Methods A sample o...

We used machine learning to extract unique insights from a recent dataset across 55 countries (N = 4,635). The current analysis identifies the most important individual-level and nation-level predictors of climate-friendly beliefs and behaviors. Interpretable machine learning ranked 19 variables by importance for predicting climate change belief, p...

Art research has long aimed to unravel the complex associations between specific attributes, such as color, complexity, and emotional expressiveness, and art judgments, including beauty, creativity, and liking. However, the fundamental distinction between attributes as inherent characteristics or features of the artwork and judgments as subjective...

The SpiderPhy database is a dataset of physiological, psychometric, and behavioral data from subclinical spider fearful individuals (N=54) who underwent exposure to spider stimuli. The physiological data comprises electrocardiograms, electrodermal activity, respiration patterns, and oculometry data including gaze position and pupil size. After each...

In empirical art research, understanding how viewers judge visual artworks as beautiful is often explored through the study of attributes—specific inherent characteristics or artwork features such as color, complexity, and emotional expressiveness. These attributes form the basis for subjective evaluations, including the judgment of beauty. Buildin...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether age at introduction of solid foods in preterm infants influences growth in the first year of life. This was a prospective observational study in very low birth weight infants stratified to an early (<17 weeks corrected age) or a late (≥17 weeks corrected age) feeding group according to the individual...

Conventional approaches to hypothesis testing often hinge on linear models like ANOVA, subjective decision-making regarding factors and their interactions, and reliance on in-sample inference without thorough evaluation on hold-out data. These oversimplifications, subjective choices, and limited generalizability may cast doubt on the relevance and...

Spiders are among the most diverse and evolutionarily successful taxa in the animal kingdom. Nevertheless, their popularity with humans is low, and arachnophobia, which is characterized by an intense and irrational fear of spiders, is one of the most common specific phobias. While it is clear that spiders generally evoke aversive responses in human...

Objective: This study tested whether exposure to minority stress and structural stigma across multiple levels of the family system were associated with two indicators of well-being (life satisfaction, depressive symptoms) in LGBTQ+ parents across 19 European countries. Background: Minority stress (i.e., identity-based stress resulting from systemic...

Purpose The goal of the study was to identify the most important influences on help-seeking from a wide range of factors. We incorporated findings from research areas of health behaviors, stigma, and motivation. Methods A sample of 1368 adults with untreated depressive symptoms participated in an online survey with three- and six-month follow-ups....

Neuroimaging has greatly improved our understanding of phobic mechanisms. To expand on these advancements, we present data on the heterogeneity of neural patterns in spider phobia combined with various psychological dimensions of spider phobia, using spider-relevant stimuli of various intensities. Specifically, we have created a database in which s...

Background The Incentive-Sensitization Theory postulates that addiction is primarily driven by the sensitization of the brain’s reward system to addictive substances, such as nicotine. According to this theory, exposure to such substances leads to an increase in ‘wanting’, while ‘liking’ the experience remains relatively unchanged. Although this ca...

Social interaction is of fundamental importance to humans. Prior research has highlighted the link between interbrain synchrony and positive outcomes in human social interaction. Neurofeedback is an established method to train one's brain activity and might offer a possibility to increase interbrain synchrony. Consequently, it would be advantageous...

Introduction Real-time fMRI-based neurofeedback (rt-fMRI-NFB) is a non-invasive technology that enables individuals to self-regulate brain activity linked to neuropsychiatric symptoms, including those associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Selecting the target brain region for neurofeedback-mediated regulation is primarily informed...

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric illness, experienced by approximately 10% of the population. Heterogeneous presentations that include heightened dissociation, comorbid anxiety and depression, and emotion dysregulation contribute to the severity of PTSD, in turn, creating barriers to recovery. There is a...

Creativity is a compelling yet elusive phenomenon, especially when manifested in visual art, where its evaluation is often a subjective and complex process. Understanding how individuals judge creativity in visual art is a particularly intriguing question. Conventional linear approaches often fail to capture the intricate nature of human behavior u...

Preregistration for secondary data analysis: https://osf.io/hqtga

Preregistration for secondary data analysis: https://osf.io/ar2vh

Background: Alterations within large-scale brain networks-namely, the default mode (DMN) and salience networks (SN)-are present among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography neurofeedback studies suggest that regulating posterior cingulate cor...

Resting-state functional connectivity has generated great hopes as a potential brain biomarker for improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in psychiatry. This neuroimaging protocol can routinely be performed by patients and does not depend on the specificities of a task. Thus, it seems ideal for big data approaches that require aggregating d...

Background In life-threatening emergency events, prompt decision-making and accurate reactions are essential for saving a human's life. Some of these skills can be improved by regular simulation trainings. However, besides these factors, individual characteristics may play a significant role in the patients' outcome after a resuscitation event. Thi...

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a parenteral lipid emulsion containing fish oil compared with a soybean-oil based lipid emulsion on the cognitive outcome and behavior of preschool children with extremely low birth weight (ELBW) . Study design: This was a retrospective secondary outcome analysis of a randomized controlled trial performed betwee...

Resting-state functional connectivity has generated great hopes as a potential brain biomarker for improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in psychiatry. This neuroimaging protocol can routinely be performed by patients and does not depend on the specificities of a task. Thus, it seems ideal for big data approaches that require aggregating d...

Introduction: Crying newborns signal a need or discomfort as part of the innate communication system. Exposure to pain is related to infants' unfavorable neurodevelopmental outcomes. There is a tremendous need for more objective methods to assess neonatal pain. An audio analysis of acoustic utterances could provide specific information on the pati...

Introduction: Crying newborns signal a need or discomfort as part of the innate communication system. Exposure to pain is related to infants’ unfavorable neurodevelopmental outcomes. There is a tremendous need for more objective methods to assess neonatal pain. An audio analysis of acoustic utterances could provide specific information on the patie...

Introduction: The aims of the study were to describe the neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) and to assess whether PNAC is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Methods: The study is a secondary analysis of controlled trial (June 2012-Octobe...

Semantic priming has been studied for nearly 50 years across various experimental manipulations and theoretical frameworks. These studies provide insight into the cognitive underpinnings of semantic representations in both healthy and clinical populations; however, they have suffered from several issues including generally low sample sizes and a la...

The response time Concealed Information Test (RT-CIT) can help to reveal whether a person is concealing the knowledge of a certain information detail. During the RT-CIT, the examinee is repeatedly presented with a probe, the detail in question (e.g., murder weapon), and several irrelevants, other details that are similar to the probe (e.g., other w...

The response time Concealed Information Test (RT-CIT) can help to reveal whether a person is concealing the knowledge of a certain information detail. During the RT-CIT, the examinee is repeatedly presented with a probe, the detail in question (e.g., murder weapon), and several irrelevants, other details that are similar to the probe (e.g., other w...

Background Intrinsic connectivity networks, including the default mode network (DMN), are frequently disrupted in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is the main hub of the posterior DMN, where the therapeutic regulation of this region with real-time fMRI neurofeedback (NFB) has yet to be expl...

Neurofeedback allows for the self-regulation of brain circuits implicated in specific maladaptive behaviors, leading to persistent changes in brain activity and connectivity. Positive-social emotion regulation neurofeedback enhances emotion regulation capabilities, which is critical for reducing the severity of various psychiatric disorders. Traini...

Previous research has postulated effects of environmental stress on ingroup/outgroup thinking: The higher the pathogenic risk and the perceived vulnerability to it, the higher the ethnocentric orientation. Here, we examine ethnocentric orientations in Austria, Poland, Spain, and the Czech Republic in spring 2020, as the spread of the novel coronavi...

The COVID-19 pandemic along with the restrictions that were introduced within Europe starting in spring 2020 allows for the identification of predictors for relationship quality during unstable and stressful times. The present study began as strict measures were enforced in response to the rising spread of the COVID-19 virus within Austria, Poland,...

Close relationships have always been critical to successfully manage crises and build a sense of security, where attachment patterns have been proposed to exert a particularly important role in in insecure situations. Here, we aimed to identify predictors of relationship quality during unstable and stressful times. The present study began as strict...

Background : Physiological responding is a key characteristic of fear responses. Yet, it is unknown whether the time-consuming measurement of somatovisceral responses ameliorates the prediction of individual fear responses beyond the accuracy reached by the consideration of diagnostic (e.g., phobic vs. non phobic) and cognitive (e.g., risk estimati...

Real-time fMRI neurofeedback is an increasingly popular neuroimaging technique that allows an individual to gain control over his/her own brain signals, which can lead to improvements in behavior in healthy participants as well as to improvements of clinical symptoms in patient populations. However, a considerably large ratio of participants underg...

Many people eat specific foods to distract themselves from, or cope with, negative affect such as stress, anxiety, or fear, [1,2,3]. Most such “comfort” foods are indulgent, sweet, carbohydrate- and fat-rich and therefore provide immediate satisfaction. Negative emotions can also increase the salience of immediate, concrete goals, thereby increase...

During medical pandemics, protective behaviors need to be motivated by effective communication, where finding predictors of fear and perceived health is of critical importance. The varying trajectories of the COVID-19 pandemic in different countries afford the opportunity to assess the unique influence of ‘macro-level’ environmental factors and ‘mi...

This document contains translations of the Identification with all humanity (IWAH) scale (McFarland et al., 2012) to German, Spanish, Polish and Czech, as used first in Eder et al., 2021. For information on scoring, please read the original publication (open access) and the many publications that have used the scale. The temporal stability of the...

This document contains translations of the Perceived vulnerability to disease (PVD) scale (Duncan et al., 2009) to German, Spanish, Polish and Czech, as used first in Eder et al., 2021a and 2021b. Importantly, the PVD scale consists of two different subscales (see Duncan et al., 2009): Germ aversion and Infectability. The temporal stability of the...

The COVID-19 pandemic not only presents a medical and psychological stressor to many, but has also led to alterations that many perceived as threatening, such as reduced financial income and job insecurity. A symptom of collective worrying were so-called panic-or 'hamster' purchases, whereby people hoarded food following the introduction of governm...

Real-time fMRI neurofeedback is an increasingly popular neuroimaging technique that allows an individual to gain control over his/her own brain signals, which can lead to improvements in behavior in healthy participants as well as to improvements of clinical symptoms in patient populations. However, a considerably large ratio of participants underg...

This preprint has since been published! Please refer to the final publication: https://doi.org/10.22330/he/36/125-137 Previous research has postulated effects of environmental stress on ingroup/outgroup thinking: The higher the pathogenic risk and the perceived vulnerability to it, the higher the ethnocentric orientation. Here, we examine ethnoce...

**Please refer to the final version (open access!): www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647956/full ** The COVID-19 pandemic along with the restrictions that were introduced within Europe starting in spring 2020 allows for the identification of predictors for relationship quality during unstable and stressful times.The present study beg...

This preprint has since been published in PLOS ONE: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0247997 (open access!) During medical pandemics, protective behaviors need to be motivated by effective communication, where finding predictors of fear and perceived health is of critical importance. The varying trajectories of the...

The consumption of indulgent, carbohydrate-and fat-rich foods is often used as a strategy to cope with negative affect because they provide immediate self-reward. Such dietary choices, however, can severely affect people's health. One countermeasure could be to improve one's emotion regulation ability. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging...

The concurrent recording of the electroencephalogram (EEG) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows the simultaneous study of the electrophysiology, the blood oxygen level dependent signal, and particularly also their interplay. However, the EEG is affected by a large number of fMRI-related, partly repetitive, artifacts. Average art...

Objective. The simultaneous application of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) opens up new ways to investigate the human brain. The EEG recordings of simultaneous EEG-fMRI, however, are overlaid to a great degree by fMRI related artifacts and an artifact reduction is mandatory before any EEG analysis. The...

Imagining a complex action requires not only motor-related processing but also visuo-spatial imagery. In the current study, we examined visuo-spatial complexity and action affordances in motor imagery (MI). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the neural activity in MI of reach-to-grasp movements of the right hand in five co...

Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allow us to study the active human brain from two perspectives concurrently. Signal processing based artifact reduction techniques are mandatory for this, however, to obtain reasonable EEG quality in simultaneous EEG-fMRI. Current artifact reduction technique...

Background: In this work, we share our experiences made at the world-wide first CYBATHLON, an event organized by the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH Zürich), which took place in Zurich in October 2016. It is a championship for severely motor impaired people using assistive prototype devices to compete against each other. Our team,...

Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combines advantages of both methods: high temporal resolution of EEG and high spatial resolution of fMRI. EEG recordings are, however, afflicted by severe artifacts caused by fMRI scanners. Average artifact subtraction (AAS) is a common method to reduce those...

From Vision to Reality We have chosen our this year’s conference title to summarize the current situation of BCI research in a very brief statement. On the one hand, we see that some of our ideas are still visions, far from any applications. Basic research is the state of those visions and we still need to lay the foundation to transform those vis...

Objective. Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combines advantages of both methods, namely high temporal resolution of EEG and high spatial resolution of fMRI. However, EEG quality is limited due to severe artifacts caused by fMRI scanners. Approach. To improve EEG data quality substantially, w...

Non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCI) aim to assist severely motor impaired persons in their daily life routine, however only a few BCIs have made it out of the laboratory. To foster further development, the Cybathlon, an international multi-discipline tournament, has been founded. One of the disciplines is the BCI-Race, where end users cont...

MIRAGE91 (Motor Imagery Racing Graz established 1991) is the name of the official Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) Racing Team at the Graz University of Technology. Our BCI captures brain activity by electroencephalography (EEG) and utilizes changes in oscillatory components caused by four different mental tasks to generate control signals. We measur...

Various mental tasks can be used to control a brain-computer interface (BCI), but not every task or combination is suitable for every user, which makes it necessary to find the individual one for each user. We recorded the electroencephalogram (EEG) of five healthy people and one end user using 32 active electrodes equidistantly spread over frontal...

Mental tasks, like motor imagery induce changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) which can be detected and translated into commands for several applications by a brain-computer interface (BCI). However, BCI use is challenging and BCIs do not work satisfactory for everybody. To find the pilot of the GRAZ-BCI Racing Team MIRAGE91, we checked the BCI...

Non-invasive Brain-Computer interfaces (BCI) enable its users to interact with their environment only by thought. A possible BCI application may be to control a computer game solely by e.g. imagery of motor tasks. However, this requires several control commands and individual BCI training...

MIRAGE91 (Motor Imagery Racing Graz established 1991) is the name of the official Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) Racing Team at Graz University of Technology. Our BCI is based on the (self-paced) Graz-BCI. It captures brain activity by electroencephalography (EEG) and utilizes changes in oscillatory components caused by four different mental tasks...

Non-invasive Brain-Computer interfaces (BCI) enable its users to interact with their environment only by thought. A possible BCI application may be to control a computer game by e.g. imagery of motor tasks. However, this requires several control commands and individual BCI training. In the following, we describe our four stage approach for individu...

Mental tasks like motor imagery induce changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) which can be detected and translated into commands for several applications by a brain-computer interface (BCI). However, BCI use is challenging and BCIs do not work satisfactory for everybody. To find the pilot of the GRAZ-BCI Racing Team MIRAGE 91, we checked the BCI...

In this study brain activity during motor imagery (MI) of joint actions, compared to single actions and rest conditions, was investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first neuroimaging study which directly investigated the neural correlates of joint action motor imagery. Twenty one h...