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Introduction
Additional affiliations
January 2009 - present
Prevention Research Institute, Inc.
Position
- Prevention Research Institute
June 1993 - December 2008
January 1990 - May 1993
Publications
Publications (38)
While effective models of alcohol and drug prevention exist, they often focus solely on youth or young adults. This article describes the Lifestyle Risk Reduction Model (LRRM), an approach applicable across the lifespan. The intent behind the LRRM is to guide the development of prevention and treatment programs provided to individuals and small gro...
Assessing the practical or clinical significance (CS) of an intervention program’s outcomes is useful in determining its effectiveness. The CS approach gives information beyond traditional analyses by quantifying the proportions of people who meaningfully improve and deteriorate. We link latent transition analyses (LTA) to the CS literature and use...
Operating a motor vehicle under the influence of alcohol (OUI) is an international problem. In the United States, one intervention strategy is to require offenders to attend group-delivered interventions. We compared three year rearrest rates among 12,267 individuals in Maine receiving either a motivation-enhancing (ME) program, Prime For Life(®),...
Objective:
The goal of measuring therapist adherence is to determine whether a therapist can perform a given treatment. Yet, the evaluation of therapist behaviors in most clinical trials is limited. Typically, randomized trials have few therapists and minimize therapist variability through training and supervision. Furthermore, therapist adherence...
Background
There is significant interest in the value of motivational approaches that enhance participant readiness to change, but less is known about clients’ self-reports of problematic behavior when participating in such interventions.
Methods
We examined whether participants in a motivationally-based intervention for DUI offenders changed thei...
An increasingly robust debate is emerging about the role of equanimity, equipoise and equality of concepts in defining what constitutes motivational interviewing (MI) versus client-centered therapy. At the heart of this debate is whether a MI practitioner may remain neutral about a goal and still be practicing MI. After that point of agreement, the...
An increasingly robust debate is emerging about the role of equanimity, equipoise and equality of concepts in defining what constitutes motivational interviewing (MI) versus client-centered therapy. At the heart of this debate is whether a MI practitioner may remain neutral about a goal and still be practicing MI. After that point of agreement, the...
We compared a group-delivered, theory-based, motivation-enhancing program (PRIME For Life(®) - PFL, n=450) to an intervention as usual (IAU, n=72).
Individuals convicted of a substance related offense in North Carolina, typically first offense alcohol and drug-impaired driving, participated in a PFL or IAU group. We compare the interventions on pro...
Benefits of empirically supported interventions hinge on clinician skill, particularly for motivational interviewing (MI). Existing MI skill assessments are limited with respect to validity (e.g., self-report) and practicality (e.g., coding session tapes). To address these limitations, we developed and evaluated two versions of a web-based assessme...
Proficient delivery of motivational interviewing (MI) is often determined by global rating of relational elements or cumulative tallies of technical elements. Yet limited empirical evidence exists to clarify how relational and technical elements are associated, or if rates of skill indices and their constituent technical elements vary within a clin...
Few empirical studies are available to guide best practices for transferring evidenced-based treatments to community substance abuse providers. To maximize the learning and maintenance of new clinical skills, this study tested a context-tailored training (CTT) model, which used standardized patient actors in role-plays tailored to agency clinical c...
The video assessment of simulated encounters-revised (VASE-R) is a video-based method, administered in individual or group settings, for assessing motivational interviewing (MI) skills. The 18-item instrument includes three video-based vignettes, in which actors portray substance abusers, with each vignette followed by questions that prompt examine...
The authors developed and evaluated a group-administered method for measuring motivational interviewing (MI) skills. The video assessment of simulated encounters (VASE) consists of three videotaped vignettes of actors playing substance abusers. Each vignette is followed by eight questions asking examinees to generate written responses consistent wi...
We evaluated a 2-day training workshop on motivational interviewing (MI) for addiction and mental health clinicians (n = 22). Clinicians completed the helpful responses questionnaire (HRQ) and taped interactions with a standardized patient (SP). Independent, blinded coders rated the tapes using the motivational interviewing skills code (MISC). Post...
This study evaluated gender differences in baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes among 654 treatment seekers referred to state-funded drug treatment. Women were significantly less likely than men to enter treatment following referral, but not significantly less likely to complete treatment, once they entered. After adjustment for treatmen...
This study of persons referred to publicly funded drug-free substance abuse treatment in Washington State compares 122 primary heroin users (those specifying heroin as a drug of choice) with 532 persons who preferred other substances. Information on treatment entry and completion was obtained through review of client charts at the referral agency....
This study of persons referred to publicly funded drug-free substance abuse treatment in Washington State compares 122 primary heroin users (those specifying heroin as a drug of choice) with 532 persons who preferred other substances. Information on treatment entry and completion was obtained through review of client charts at the referral agency....
To evaluate the effectiveness of a motivational intervention to reduce attrition from a waiting list for substance abusers seeking publicly funded treatment.
Randomized clinical trial comparing an "attrition prevention" condition to standard care while awaiting treatment admission.
A centralized substance abuse assessment and referral center in Sea...
Aims . To evaluate the effectiveness of a motivational intervention to reduce attrition from a waiting list for substance abusers seeking publicly funded treatment.
Design . Randomized clinical trial comparing an "attrition prevention" condition to standard care while awaiting treatment admission.
Setting . A centralized substance abuse assessmen...
The Reasons for Quitting Questionnaire (RFQ) as modified by McBride and colleagues (C. M. McBride et al., 1994) for use with substance users other than tobacco smokers, was administered to individuals approved for public-sector addiction treatment. Four motivation dimensions, similar to those found by McBride et al., were identified: self-concept i...
The Reasons for Quitting Questionnaire (RFQ) as modified by McBride and colleagues (C. M. McBride et al., 1994) for use with substance users other than tobacco smokers, was administered to individuals approved for public-sector addiction treatment. Four motivation dimensions, similar to those found by McBride et al., were identified: self-concept i...
To examine the effects of different follow-up rates on estimates of treatment outcome and predictive models thereof, and to specify participant characteristics associated with tracking difficulty.
An observational study using data collected for a randomized, experimental design.
The King County Assessment Center in Seattle, Washington, an organizat...
Individuals approved for public-sector addiction treatment were interviewed regarding their reasons for attempting abstinence. Follow-up interviews were completed 3 to 6 months after participants' removal from county-controlled treatment wait-lists. Rates of continuous self-reported abstinence for 90 days preceding follow-up were positively associa...
Aims. To examine the effects of different follow-up rates on estimates of treatment outcome and predictive models thereof, and to specify participant characteristics associated with tracking difficulty. Design. An observational study using data collected for a randomized, experimental design. Setting. The King County Assessment Center in Seattle, W...
To determine pre-treatment abstinence rates among treatment seekers and identify factors associated with pre-treatment abstinence. To evaluate the association between pre-treatment abstinence and subsequent outcome.
An observational study using data collected for a randomized, experimental design.
Conducted with participants immediately after asses...
The costs associated with formal substance abuse treatment in conjunction with relatively high rates of attrition and poor treatment outcomes have led to an increased focus on the processes and mechanisms involved in self-change strategies, help-seeking behavior, treatment entry, and treatment retention.
The purpose of the present chapter is to d...
Decision-making in selecting and recruiting subjects for treatment matching research is a complex process involving conceptual, methodological and practical considerations. In selecting clients, concerns arise about whether the criteria will produce a subject population that is (1) relevant to the dimensions associated with the treatment matching,...
Typescript. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Montana, 1986. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-84).