David M Malone

United Nations University (UNU) | UNU · Rector's Office

En el marco del 75 aniversario de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (onu), celebrado en 2020, el artículo hace un balance de la situación y señala cómo la fuerza que ha perdido el multilateralismo en muchos de los temas más apremiantes a nivel global ha repercutido negativamente varias de sus actividades fundamentales. La situación se evalúa e...

Understanding the global security environment and delivering the necessary governance responses is a central challenge of the twenty-first century. On a global scale, the central regulatory tool for such responses is public international law. But what is the state, role, and relevance of public international law in today’s complex and highly dynami...

Over the past seventy-five years, the UN has evolved significantly, often in response to geopolitical dynamics and new waves of thinking. In some respects, the UN has registered remarkable achievements, stimulating a wide range of multilateral treaties, promoting significant growth of human rights, and at times playing a central role in containing...

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is the first fully formed attempt at a new type of geopolitical and economic ordering project we call megaregulation. This introduction draws on the volume’s thirty further chapters to distill TPP’s essence and critically appraise its significance in the Asia-Pacific and beyond. TPP’s megaregulatory project uses...

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (known in its TPP11 format as the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership) embodies a project of economic cooperation among countries of four continents sharing the Pacific Ocean. It was driven by the international political imperative felt by the Obama administration to bind Asian allies closer to the...

This chapter examines the lingering effects of the United Nations Security Council's engagement with Iraq over four decades. When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, the Security Council responded by imposing mandatory sanctions against Iraq and later that year authorized a United States-led military intervention. The Council then mandated weapons inspect...

Born in 1945, the United Nations (UN) came to life in the Arab world. It was there that the UN dealt with early diplomatic challenges that helped shape its institutions such as peacekeeping and political mediation. It was also there that the UN found itself trapped in, and sometimes part of, confounding geopolitical tensions in key international co...

This article situates the emergence of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) concept, later accepted by many as a principle, in the wider flow of events following on the end of the Cold War. Among the hallmarks of change in the United Nations (UN) Security Council as of the early 1990s, in stark contrast to the Council’s preoccupations during its fir...

This chapter examines several resolutions surrounding the use of force in Iraq and a second situation in which force was used in the name of the international community but without authorization from the Security Council, through NATO’s 1999 Kosovo intervention. In different ways, both situations challenged the claim of the United Nations to fulfil...

Thinking on development informs and inspires the actions of people, organizations, and states in their continuous effort to invent a better world. This volume examines the ideas behind development: their origins, how they have changed and spread over time, and how they may evolve over the coming decades. It also examines how the real-life experienc...

During India's last stint on the United Nations Security Council in 2011-12, it was unable to pursue the originally charted strategy of demonstrating responsible diplomacy in the leagues of the great powers while also making the body a more legitimate and representative organisation. Delving into India's efforts to achieve its objectives, this pape...

This article surveys the drivers behind the appeal of elected membership in the UN Security Council, some pitfalls for candidate states, and suggests some elements of both benefit and costs attaching to Council membership.

The presence of economic motives and commercial agendas in wars is not so much a new phenomenon as a familiar theme in the history of warfare. In recent times, as the contributors to this volume show, the licensing of economically motivated violence in such places as Sierra Leone and Liberia has resembled, in terms of its functional utility, both m...

What is development? How does it happen? How have ideas on development changed since the Second World War? How has thought driven practice, and how has practice in turn shaped thought? This paper introduces a significant new collection of papers by leading thinkers and practitioners which address these questions. Some initial insights are identifie...

This article seeks to chart how the role of the diplomatic mission (most often thought of as the embassy) has evolved, primarily since the Second World War, to assess how it can be most useful to the sending state or institution, and to identify some of the characteristics of successful envoys, on the latter score drawing on several interviews. The...

Since emerging in 2006 from a ten-year Maoist insurgency, the “People's War,” Nepal has struggled with the difficult transition from war to peace, from autocracy to democracy, and from an exclusionary and centralized state to a more inclusive and federal one. The present volume, drawing on both international and Nepali scholars and leading practiti...

Introduction Since the emergence of modern Nepal, its foreign relations, conditioned by its geography, have been remarkably limited. This chapter discusses the international significance of Nepal and seeks to shed light on the forces driving Nepal's foreign policy in recent decades. Like many countries with a powerful neighbor and significant econo...

This article offers an examination of international developments central to globalisation in India and reviews India’s approach to some prominent multilateral treaty systems such as the United Nations (UN), the World Trade Organisation (WTO), the international climate change regime, and the nuclear non-proliferation and test-ban regimes. It argues...

This essay addresses first how the concept of soft power emerged, how it has evolved and then examines one significant effort by India to project soft power to the east. It thereafter looks at some major features of Indian foreign policy, discusses how soft power might or might not relate to them, and zeroes in on how Indians, including the Indian...

Independent India's multilateral strategy was designed defensively as a means to provide the country with some leeway in an intensely competitive bipolar world. Today, India casts itself as an emerging power intent on exerting the bilateral and multilateral influence that the country's founding leaders had long aspired to. Obsolete frameworks such...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This book surveys key features of contemporary Indian foreign policy. The text identifies relevant aspects of Indian history, examines the role of domestic politics and internal and external security challenges, and of domestic and international economic factors. It analyzes the specifics of India’s policy within its South Asian neighbourhood, and...

This article seeks to address the relationships between India's democracy (the form), politics (the practice) and its foreign policy. After tracing the historical antecedents of India's constitutional order that defines India's democracy and serves as a framework for its politics, the article examines the myriad ways in which India's domestic polit...

India is fast emerging as an important player in regional and international arenas. However, it continues to be beset by a number of security challenges, both internally and externally. On the assumption that India's foreign policy has evolved in step with its domestic politics, this article briefly surveys the evolution of Indian domestic politics...

This article examines India’s relations with Western Europe and Russia, both regions which have seen their historic influence with India lessened by the rise of the United States and China as Indian foreign policy priorities. The article argues that mutual interests in innovation, defence and energy still drive the relationships, and explores India...

CANADA'S VOICE: THE PUBLIC LIFE OF JOHN WENDELL HOLMES. Adam Chapnick. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2009 BUILDING PEACE AFTER WAR. Mats Berdal. London, UK: International Institute of Strategic Studies (IISS) & Routledge, 2009 BACKPACKS FULL OF HOPE. Eduardo Aldunate, Translated by Alma Flores Fernandez Waterloo, Canada: The Centre for International Govern...

China and India are rising powers, keenly observed by the West and, increasingly, the rest of the world. Yet surprisingly for two states of such growing importance and with a rich and sometimes fractious history, their relationship seems to an outside eye largely reactive and, more broadly, adrift. China and India should be able to manage their par...

This artide is intended to be read alongside that of Ryan Touhey in this issue. His article argues that Canada's relationship with India has more closely con fonned to that of the US than many Canadian students of Indian foreign policy have realized. Alert readers of the two articles will note that the only major difference in outlook between Canad...

This article discusses a post-Cold War Security Council. It studies the extent to which the decisions made during the 1990s led to success or failure, including the drama of the war in Iraq and its aftermath. The article shows that the Council still functions as a club of great powers, and states that some people would argue that the P-5 has effect...

Since the mid-1990s, the political economy of civil wars has acquired unprecedented relevance for scholars and policymakers dealing with pre-venting and mitigating armed conflict. The issue is now under scrutiny by non-governmental organizations (NGOs), research institutes, humanitarian and aid organizations, governments, international financial or...

A unique new course book demonstrating the interaction of law and politics in United Nations practice.Law and Practice of the United Nations: Documents and Commentary presents primary materials with expert commentary, demonstrating the interaction between law and practice in the UN organization, and also discusses the possibilities and limitations...

The central argument of this article on the recent performance of the UN Security Council is that, through its decisions over the past ten years, largely improvised and inconsistent though they may be, the Council has, for good or ill, eroded the foundations of absolute conceptions of state sovereignty and fundamentally altered the way in which man...

The chapter argues that the Security Council's decisions over the past twenty years, largely improvised and inconsistent though they may be, have, for good or ill, eroded the foundations of absolute conceptions of state sovereignty, allocating to the Council itself powers that fundamentally alter the way in which relationships among international o...

This article discusses a policy research project on possible future economic, governance and constitutional arrangements for Iraq that brought together a number of Iraqi and international practitioners and scholars at the Canadian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade in 2006, highlighting some conclusions eventually also reflected in...

This articles draws lessons on how the United Nations Security Council ought manage conflict and other threats to international peace and security from its long experience with Iraq. It suggests that the Security Council oscillated between a 'politico-military' and a 'legal-regulatory' approach to Iraq, without always fully appreciating the manager...

Having endured a generation of devastating conflict under Saddam Hussein and in the chaos following his overthrow in 2003, Iraq may now be gearing up for another generation of violence. The potential consequences for Iraq, the region, and the world are incalculable. What drives this conflict? Where do the sources of this ongoing instability lie? Wh...

Introduction In 2004, Haiti's fortunes executed a full circle. Shortly after leading the celebrations marking Haiti's bicentennial anniversary of its independence in February 2004, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, three-time president of Haiti, was swept from power by violent rebellion. Aristide's departure and the preceding turmoil, the culmination of a po...

In his 1986 Cyril Foster Lecture at Oxford University, Javier Perez de Cuellar argued that in discharging his responsibilities the Secretary-General must be aware that the “idealism and hope of which the Charter is a luminous expression have to confront the narrow dictates of national policies”. The Secretary-General must walk a fine line between e...

In this article, co-authored with David Malone, it is argued that the genesis of the Iraq Crisis of 2003 within the Security Council can be traced to earlier patterns of acquiescence by Council members in US and UK unilateral enforcement action in Iraq. By the time this acquiescence ceased, between 1994 and 1996, UK and US enforcement policy was se...

Spanning the last quarter century, this book examines the impact the United Nations Security Council has had on Iraq - and Iraq's impact on the Security Council. Told largely in chronological fashion, five phases of the story are here discerned. The first phase deals with the Council's role as Cold War peacemaker during the Iran-Iraq war. The secon...

In early 2004, the outbreak of political violence in Haiti and President Aristide's departure into exile provoked first a US and French military intervention to stabilize the security situation, and then deployment of a UN peacekeeping force. This article will first offer a historical narrative, placing the UN's recent intervention in the larger co...

This essay aims to describe and analyse the major shifts in UN peace operations since the days of Ralph Bunche. It begins by describing how peace operations looked then, in Bunche's era. Next, it describes how peace operations look now, identifying both continuities and changes, before analyzing the reasons for these changes. The article then outli...

A century after the birth of a father of peacekeeping, Ralph Bunche, UN peace operations have changed dramatically. The narrowly-defined, lightly-armed, strictly neutral operations of Bunche's day have become complex, multidisciplinary state-building operations. Then, peacekeeping buttressed essentially self-enforcing cease-fires; now, it aims to b...

The political economy of civil wars has acquired unprecedented scholarly and policy attention. Among others, the International Peace Academy's programme on Economic Agendas in Civil Wars (EACW) has aimed to contribute to a better understanding of the complex dynamics of civil war economies and has identified areas for policy development critical fo...

Much has changed for the United Nations Security Council since the end of the Cold War. Its decisions - largely improvised and inconsistent though they may be - have, for good or ill, profoundly affected international relations. Given the centrality of individual state interests at the UN, however unpalatable to some, the question arises as to whet...

An examination is made of the evolution of US behaviour in the United Nations Security Council since the 1990s; this behaviour shows an inconsistency born out of a general suspicion of the organization, particularly of its General Assembly, and the author demonstrates that US historical experience of the UN largely explains that suspicion. First pr...

Throughout the 1990s, with the post-Cold War era as backdrop, there have been numerous changes in the approach of the United Nations Security Council to conflict between and within nations. The author, using historical incidents for illustration, highlights such topics as the changing nature of conflicts addressed by the Council; consideration duri...

Has there been a new surge of American unilateralism? Why is the world fearful of a United States that goes it alone? What are the consequences, for both the United States and the world, of a unilateral America? This book seeks to answer these questions. Past discussions and debates among US contributors were sufficiently passionate as to suggest t...