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January 1987 - December 2008
January 2006 - present
Publications
Publications (50)
While the scope of the term physical employment standards is wide, the principal focus of this paper is on standards related to physiological evaluation of readiness for work. Common applications of such employment standards for work are in public safety and emergency response occupations (e.g., police, firefighting, military), and there is an ever...
To determine the effects of using intermittent hand cooling during high intensity, intermittent training on thermoregulatory, performance and psychophysical variables in elite level swimmers in a training pool (30.5 ± 0.5oC).
Randomized cross-over design.
Following a standard warm-up, ten male swimmers (20.3 ± 3.2 yrs) were instructed to maintain t...
The Canadian Forces Firefighter Physical Fitness Maintenance Evaluation (FF PFME) requires firefighters in full fire-protective ensemble, including self-contained breathing apparatus, to correctly complete 10 work-related tasks on a measured and calibrated course. Fitness for duty is inferred from completion time of the course. We hypothesized that...
The Bookmark method for setting cut-scores was used to re-set the cut-score for the Canadian Forces Firefighter Physical Fitness Maintenance Evaluation (FF PFME). The time required to complete 10 tasks that together simulate a first-response firefighting emergency was accepted as a measure of work capacity. A panel of 25 Canadian Forces firefighter...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of repetition maximum (RM) loads and training patterns on acute neuromuscular responses in the upper body. Markers of fatigue were monitored under a descending pattern (DP), in which repetitions decreased in subsequent sets, and an ascending pattern (AP), in which repetitions increased in subsequ...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate abdominal muscle activation with variations in trunk flexion (sit or curl up) positions, including the protocol currently used by the Canadian Society of Exercise Physiology (CSEP) Health and Fitness Program. Electromyographic (EMG) data were collected during isometric contractions from the upper rectus abd...
A pelvic position has been sought that optimizes abdominal muscle activation while diminishing hip flexor activation. Thus, the objective of the study was to investigate the effect of pelvic position and the Janda sit-up on trunk muscle activation. Sixteen male volunteers underwent electromyographic (EMG) testing of their abdominal and hip flexor m...
The contractile history of muscle can potentiate electrically evoked force production. A link to voluntary force production, related in part to an increase in reflex excitability, has been suggested.
Our purpose was to quantify the effect of postactivation potentiation on voluntary force production and spinal H-reflex excitability during explosive...
Recently there has been considerable interest and research into the functional significance of postactivation potentiation (PAP) on sport performance. The interest has evolved around the potential for enhancing acute performance or the long-term training effect, typically in the form of complex training. Complex training usually involves performing...
The main technological problem associated with measuring gas exchange in submerged divers breathing from a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) involves simulating ambient water pressure on the expired side of the SCUBA regulator without causing regulator free-flow. This report presents a method to acquire expired gas from exercisi...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three different weight training protocols, that varied in the way training volume was measured, on acute muscular fatigue. Ten resistance-trained males performed all three protocols which involved dynamic constant resistance exercise of the elbow flexors. Protocol A provided a standard for...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different methods of measuring training volume, controlled in different ways, on selected variables that reflect acute neuromuscular responses. Eighteen resistance-trained males performed three fatiguing protocols of dynamic constant external resistance exercise, involving elbow flexors, that...
To examine the acute response to 2 resistance-exercise protocols performed to repetition failure, but different in load configuration, and determine whether the acute response was related to strength increases after 8 weeks of training.
Eighteen resistance-trained men completed a single session of 2 resistance-exercise protocols. The constant-load...
The aim of this study was to compare the acute neuromuscular responses during resistance exercise performed with different loading protocols. Thirteen (N=13) college-aged male subjects experienced in weight training completed two different weight training protocols involving a single elbow flexion exercise. During both protocols subjects performed...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 5-wk unilateral, isometric strength-training program on plasticity in the spinal Hoffmann (H-) reflex in both the trained and untrained legs. Sixteen participants, 22-42 yr old, were assigned to either a control (n = 6) or an exercise group (n = 10). Both groups were tested for plantar flexi...
The acute effects of maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) in the squat position on subsequent measures of power output over 3 consecutive sets were investigated. Sixteen trained men experienced with back squats participated in the study. A 7-second MVIC was performed 4 minutes before the execution of 5 maximal countermovement jumps (CMJ...
The response of muscle to volitional or electrically induced stimuli is affected by its contractile history. Fatigue is the most obvious effect of contractile history reflected by the inability of a muscle to generate an expected level of force. However, fatigue can coexist with post-activation potentiation (PAP), which serves to improve muscular p...
The response of muscle to volitional or electrically induced stimuli is affected by its contractile history. Fatigue is the most obvious effect of contractile history reflected by the inability of a muscle to generate an expected level of force. However, fatigue can coexist with post-activation potentiation (PAP), which serves to improve muscular p...
summary: Complex training has been proposed as a training method to increase power. This article reviews the current literature on complex training, its effect on performance, and possible physiological explanations for its effects.
(C) 2004 National Strength and Conditioning Association
The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of a heavy dynamic preload, consisting of 1 set of 5 repetition maximum (5RM) back squats, on countermovement vertical jump (VJ) and horizontal jump (HJ) performance. The study also investigated the ability of subjects to learn to apply the effects of the preload over subsequent trainin...
The purpose of this study was to compare the strength and neuromuscular adaptations for dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) training and dynamic accentuated external resistance (DAER) training (resistance training employing an accentuated load during eccentric actions). Male subjects active in resistance training were assigned to either a D...
A review of the current research on the interference phenomenon between concurrent aerobic and strength training indicates modest support for the model proposed in this article. However, it is clear that without a systematic approach to the investigation of the phenomenon there is lack of control and manipulation of the independent variables, which...
The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the strength, cross-sectional area, specific tension, and anthropometric changes elicited by 4 repetition maximum (RM) and 10RM weight-training protocols in untrained subjects. Twenty-four men (24.17 +/- 1.76 years) volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to either the 4RM group or...
The effects of a 9-week aerobic interval training program on anaerobic intermittent performance were investigated. Intermittent work consisted of four repeat 30-sec maximal efforts on a cycle ergometer (Wingate test) with 3-min recovery intervals. Thirteen men trained 3 days a week on the cycle ergometer, completing 3-min work-to-rest intervals and...
The purpose of this study was to compare the anaerobic performance of 11-12 year old prepubescent boys (stage 1; n = 18) using a maximal effort 90 s cycling test to that of adult men (n = 19). Performance was separated into short-term anaerobic power (SAP; work in 10 s), intermediate-term anaerobic capacity (IAC; work in 30 s) and long-term anaerob...
The present study examined the aerobic, anaerobic and strength performance characteristics of 52 young boys and girls (mean age 10.8 and 11.1 yrs, respectively) on selected laboratory measures. Anthropometrically, the boys and girls were similar, with the exception of measures of body fatness. The boys demonstrated greater values in maximal aerobic...
A 4-wk interval-type training program incorporating omni-kinetic equipment and stationary cycling elicited an increase in the absolute and relative VO2max of an active group of young boys. The improvement in aerobic function was independent of the training protocols of high velocity-low resistance and low velocity-high resistance. However, the trai...
The hyperthermic response to exercise in a warm (30 degrees C), humid (80% relative humidity) environment was obtained for 23 prepubertal males. After the initial increase of core temperatures (tympanic and rectal) to elevated set points, further hyperthermia was minimal and was unrelated to any physique variable except for the case of endomorphy,...
The study was designed to determine the relationship between different perceptual abilities and performance in volleyball, badminton, and tennis. 41 boys and 37 girls enrolled in a Grade 10 physical education program served as subjects. Performance in the three sports and four perceptual ability measures were determined. A multiple regression analy...
The present study investigated the heart rate response to playing tennis with special reference to the skill levels and ages of the participants. Data obtained in a similar manner during earlier studies of badminton and squash players were compared with that obtained during tennis. The number of rallies, mean rally time and actual playing time in 3...
A comprehensive model for organizing different approaches used in presenting dance movements focuses on the essential content of movement for elementary school children and examines the development of dance for young children from functional movement to more artistic experiences. (JN)
The changes in fitness level of eighteen active hunters were examined during the 1974 hunting season and in a three month follow-up. The hunters showed an improvement in oxygen consumption (aerobic capacity) by mid-hunting season that was greater than the improvement of a control group of seventeen active males who did not participate in hunting ac...
Only two correlations were significant (p < .01); when the student's expected grade, student's dogmatism score, student's perception of the instructor's dogmatism score, and instructor's actual dogmatism score were correlated, with evaluation of the instructor as the criterion variable, values were low. For student's expected score, r = .28, and fo...
The UVic Step Test has been designed to preserve the advantages of a multistage continuous test of cardio vascular efficiency with the administrative simplicity of a basic step test. The use of the test in the field prompted a number of questions regarding the effectiveness of such a test as a measure of cardio vascular efficiency. It was suggested...
Questions
Question (1)
We have just completed a study on reliability of a test designed to assess firefighters. The test is for incumbent firefighters and consists of job-related tasks performed as a continuous circuit. We were interested in the potential effect of learning to do the tasks and pacing the circuit. In addition, we were interested in identifying what we have called biological variability reflecting day to day variation in performance once the learning effects have stabilized. The participants were not firefighters. As expected there was a steep decline in time to complete the circuit over the first three trials and then a much less decrease between trials 4 to 6 but nevertheless about a 2% improvement in time. We suspect that after performing the test to the best of their ability six times that there is a potential training effect.
