Danstone Lilechi Baraza

Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology | MMUST · Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry

Rhizobia are bacteria that exhibit both endophytic and free-living lifestyles. Endophytic rhizobial strains are widely known to infect leguminous host plants, while some do infect non-legumes. Infection of leguminous roots often results in the formation of root nodules. Associations between rhizobia and host plants may result in beneficial or non-b...

Aims: To determine chemical constituents of the Leaf extracts of Centella asiatica using the LC-MS and GC-MS and their antimicrobial activities. Study Design: Structural determination of compounds from the leaf extracts was done using GC-MS and LC-MS analysis. The antimicrobial properties of the extracts were done using disc diffusion method. Place...

Aims: To determine the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum. Study Design: Structural determination of the isolated compound was done using spectral evidences and in comparison with literature. The antibacterial properties of the compound was done using disc diffusion method. Place and Duration of Study: Depar...

Symbiotic nitrogen fixing Rhizobium species have been reported to trigger induced resistance reactions that are inhibitive to aboveground antagonists. We tested the hypothesis that root infection by nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium triggers enzyme-mediated induced resistance reactions, which lead to the production of defensive compounds that suppress abov...

In this study, clinoptilolite was used to sequester ciprofloxacin (CIP) and caffeine (CAF), two emergent contaminants, from aqueous solution using batch equilibration method and the effects of contact time, pH, initial contaminant concentration, temperature and adsorbent dosage investigated and herein reported. The adsorption kinetics was described...

Aim: To screen the Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum for phytochemicals and to investigate it's potential in the management of some disease-causing microbes. Study Design: Hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extraction; phytochemical study and anti-microbial activities were analysed on Kenyan G. lucidum mushroom. Place and Duration of Study: Masinde Muliro U...

Anaerobic digestion is an effective method for organic pollution reduction and bio-energy production and has increasing applications worldwide. Produced biogas consists mainly of 50–70% methane and 30–50% carbon dioxide. The most common utilization route of biogas is for electricity production, often combined with utilization of the excess heat. Th...

Fungal infections are a very common health problem that is often treated by traditional medicine. Tabernaemontana stapfiana Britten (Apocynaceae) is used in the traditional medicine of Kenya against several ailments including fungal infections. The monoterpenoid indole alkaloids coronaridine (1) and pericyclivine (2), together with lup-20(29)en-3β-...

Anaerobic digestion is an effective method for organic pollution reduction and bio-energy production and has increasing applications worldwide. Produced biogas consists mainly of 50–70% methane (CH4) and 30–50% carbon dioxide (CO2). The most common utilization route of biogas is for electricity production, often combined with utilization of the exc...

Adsorption of Caffeine and Ciprofloxacin onto Pyrolitically Derived Water Hyacinth Biochar: Isothermal, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies Full-Text PDFDownload XML 10 Views DOI:10.17265/1934-7375/2016.04.006 Author(s) Emily Chelangat Ngeno, Francis Orata1, Lilechi Danstone Baraza, Victor Odhiambo Shikuku and Selly Jemutai Kimosop Affiliation(s)...

Abstract: This study aimed at establishing the linkage between sanitation and the prevalence of the waterborne diseases in Mbeere North, Embu County, Kenya. The accessible population was population within 7,985 households obtained from 12 locations. A sample size of 367 was used. Systematic random sampling was used on the population frame of 7,958....

Oyster mushrooms have been widely used as food because of their nutritional properties. Despite being regarded as good potentials in producing bioactive compounds without causing toxicity to humans, little phytochemical studies have been done on Kenyan widely cultivated Oyster mushroom. The present investigation was carried out to determine the pos...

Oyster mushrooms have been widely used as food because of their nutritional properties. Despite being regarded as good potentials in producing bioactive compounds without causing toxicity to humans, little phytochemical studies have been done on Kenyan widely cultivated Oyster mushroom. The present investigation was carried out to determine the pos...

Pleurotus ostreatus has been widely used as food because of its nutritional and medicinal properties. These have been attributed to the presence of macronutrients, minerals, vitamins, and amino acids, among other secondary metabolites. There are, however, few reports on the antimicrobial activities of different classes of purified compounds from P....

Three compounds, toosendanin (1), kulactone (2) and scopoletin (3), were isolated from either the root bark and/or the stem bark of Melia volkensii. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data generated and by comparison with data from the literature. 1 and 2, isolated for the first time from M. volkensii, exhibited signific...

Aims: To evaluate the stability of Salvianolic acid A (SAA), a promising cardiovascular drug candidate. Additionally avail an archetype in-vitro therapeutic monitoring from SAA degradation profile for characteristic oral gavages. Study Design: Experimental by laboratory analysis. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry,...

Mixed micelles were designed to increase oral bioavailability of Apigenin (Ap). The phospholipid (Ph) complex technology was exploited alongside TPGS' stabilizing effect by PEG chain sterical hindrance of the phase II enzymes. This prevented extensive metabolism of Ap while inhibiting P-glycoprotein's exocytosis. TPGS modified micelles of Ap-Ph com...

The cell membrane is a highly selective barrier. This limits the cellular uptake of molecules including DNA, oligonucleotides, peptides and proteins used as therapeutic agents. Different approaches have been employed to increase the membrane permeability and intracellular delivery of these therapeutic molecules. One such approach is the use of Cell...

Three medicinal plants, Erythrina excelsa, Phytolacca dodecandra and Cucumis aculeatus, collected from Siaya and Migori District in Kenya, were screened for the presence of phytochemicals. These plants have diverse compounds including phenolics, terpenoids, anthraquinones, alkaloids and flavonoids, whereby the terpenoids were the most abundant. The...

Three medicinal plants Erythrina excelsa, Phytolacca dodecandra and Cucumis aculeatus, collected from Siaya and Migori District in Kenya, were screened for the presence of phytochemicals. These plants have diverse compounds including phenolics, terpenoids, anthraquinones, alkaloids and flavonoids, whereby the terpenoids were the most abundant. The...

The rosane diterpenoids hugorosenone [3beta-hydroxyrosa-1(10),15-dien-2-one], 18-hydroxyhugorosenone and 18-hydroxy-3-deoxyhugorosenone, and 12-hydroxy-13-methylpodocarpa-8,11,13-trien-3-one were isolated as antifungal constituents of H. castaneifolia Engl. root bark, together with the previously reported di-podocarpanoids hugonone A and hugonone B...

A new cytotoxic himachalene sesquiterpenoid 4alpha-methoxy-5,9-oxahimachal-9-ene (hugonianene A) which exhibited moderate activity against Anopheles gambiae mosquito larvae after 24 h at a concentration of 0.237 mg mL(-1), and at 48 h and 72 h contact time causing complete larval mortality up to a concentration as low as 0.01369 mg mL(-1), was isol...

The fatty acids 17,18-dihydroxyoctadeca-9,11,13,15-tetraynoic acid (mkiluaynoic acid A) and 18-hydroxyoctadeca-9,11,13,15-tetraynoic acid (mkiluaynoic acid B), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanol, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and a mixture of stearic and oleic acids were isolated from fruits and stem barks of Mkilua fragrans (Annonaceae). Mkiluaynoic acid...

The sterol ergosterol and ergosta-4,22-diene-3!,7"-diol, together with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde were isolated from the mushroom species Polyporus molluscensis, Cantharellus isabelinus, C.symoensii and a Podaxis species. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. The ethanol extracts of mushroom samples of Agaricus sp. and Te...