Daniele Trippanera

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology | KAUST · Department of Earth Science and Engineering (ErSE)

We used teleseismic waveforms and ground deformation data from GNSS and InSAR to estimate source fault parameters of the Mw6.4 earthquake that occurred just offshore southwestern Puerto Rico on 7 January 2020. The mainshock was a part of an energetic seismic sequence that started on 28 December 2019 and led to a Mw5.8 earthquake on 6 January 2020,...

Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) is a valid tool to investigate magma flow direction within dikes. However, geometrically inverse magnetic fabric characterized by maximum magnetic susceptibility axis (kmax) perpendicular to the dike wall, may complicate the interpretation of flow trajectories. To better understand the nature of this fabr...

At 14:11 NZDT (01:11 UTC) on 9 December 2019, an explosive eruption (VEI=2) occurred on White/Whakaari Island in New Zealand’s northeast Bay of Plenty. The sudden eruption claimed 20 lives among the 47 tourists who were on the island at the time of the eruption. Several volcano- tectonic features overlap in the island such as a major caldera rim co...

Magmatic intrusions often produce ground deformation that can be studied by geodetic techniques. In the past two decades, many volcanic dike and sill emplacements (sometimes associated to eruptions) in different tectonic settings have been analyzed through InSAR. However, in only a few cases, the post-intrusive behavior has been studied. Here we an...

Geophysical data show that megathrust earthquakes can promote transient tectonic regimes lasting up to several decades. However, such variations are not trivial to be recognises in the geological records of volcanic arcs. To better understand the occurrence of transient tectonic regimes we study the inter- and post-seismic deformation in the upper...

Dike intrusions produce faulting at the surface along with seismic swarms and possible eruptions. Understanding the geometry and kinematics of dike-induced fractures can provide relevant information on what controls magma emplacement and the associated hazards. Here, we focus on the Harrat Lunayyir volcanic field (western Saudi Arabia), where in 20...

In volcanic fields, magmatic intrusions are usually preceded and accompanied by seismic swarm. Even if the intrusions do not culminate in an eruption, these events typically produce ground deformation that can be observed using geodetic techniques such as InSAR. It is therefore important to combine seismic and geodetic data to better understand the...

The Húsavík-Flatey Fault (HFF) in northern Iceland is a 100-km-long right-lateral transform fault, accommodat- ing an offset of the mid-Atlantic Ridge along with the Grímsey Oblique Rift (GOR), which consists of a set of left-stepping en-echelon basins. The HFF together with the GOR accommodate 18 mm/yr of transform motion between the onshore North...

Magmatic necks are commonly found in volcanic areas, and they often exhibit a homogeneous structure with a cylindrical shape and a diameter of up to several hundreds of metres. Their massive and uniform structure poses a space problem for their emplacement in the brittle crust. Here, we use field data and analogue models to investigate how necks ma...

Activity within magmatic divergent plate boundaries (MDPB) focuses along both regional fissure swarms and central volcanoes. An ideal place to investigate their mutual relationship is the Askja central volcano in Iceland. Askja consists of three nested calderas (namely Kollur, Askja and Öskjuvatn) located within a hyaloclastite massif along the NNE...

Since the 70's magnetic fabric analysis has been used to infer magma emplacement in dikes. However, the interpretation of magmatic flow orientation in dikes is often complicated by the occurrence of anomalous (i.e. inverse) magnetic fabric. This latter may either reflect the presence of single-domain (SD) grains or result from peculiar orientation...

Recent diking episodes along slow spreading boundaries included the generation of normal faults, showing that extension is accommodated, on a scale of a few years or less, by both magma intrusion and fault movement. Here we aim to define how diking may affect the overall rift structure on the longer term (=100 yr). We first summarize the main featu...

Recent studies highlight the importance of annual-scale dike-induced rifting episodes in developing normal faults and graben along the active axis of magmatic divergent plate boundaries (MDPB). However, the longer-term (102-105 years) role of diking on the cumulative surface deformation and evolution of MDPB is not yet well understood. To better un...

The shallow transport of magma occurs through dikes causing surface deformation. Our understanding of the effects of diking at the surface is limited, especially on the long term, for repeated intrusive episodes. We use analogue models to study the upper crustal deformation induced by dikes. We insert metal plates within cohesive sand with three se...

Recent rifting episodes highlight the role of magmatic systems with propagating dikes on crustal spreading. However, our knowledge of magmatic systems is usually limited to surface observations and geophysical data. Eastern Iceland allows direct access to extinct and eroded deeper magmatic systems. Here we collected field structural and AMS (Anisot...

Recent rifting episodes highlight the role of magmatic systems with propagating dikes on crustal spreading. However, our knowledge of magmatic systems is usually limited to surface observations and geophysical data. Eastern Iceland allows direct access to extinct and eroded deeper magmatic systems. Here we collected field structural and AMS (anisot...

The occurrence of inverse magnetic fabric in dikes is very common and may either reflect the presence of single-domain (SD) grains or it may result from different orientation mechanisms of magnetic minerals in magmas of different viscosities. Here we present the results of a multidisciplinary study in the Alftafjordur volcanic system (Eastern Icela...

The propagation direction of dikes and the relationships between magmatism and tectonics within rift systems are still debated. The extinct rift zones in Eastern Iceland show the deep eroded portions of a rift, largely consisting of dikes. Here we present a multidisciplinary study in the Alftafjordur volcanic system (Eastern Iceland), including a:...

The axis of divergent plate boundaries shows extension fractures and normal faults at the surface. Here we present evidence of contraction along the axis of the oceanic ridge of Iceland and the continental Main Ethiopian Rift. Contraction is found at the base of the tilted hanging-wall of dilational normal faults, balancing part of their extension....

Calderas are the surface expression of a long-lived and complex magmatic system, often hosting a shallower hydrothermal system. Most monitored calderas have experienced some forms of unrest, even though only a part of these unrest episodes has culminated in an eruption. This study focuses on surface deformation analysis using InSAR from 1993 to 201...

The interest in the role of magma in splitting plates at divergent plate boundaries through discrete rifting episodes has been re-invigorated. However, despite the renewed enthusiasm for this topic, the precise mechanism by which the magma affects the geometry, the kinematics, and the temporal evolution of a rift is still poorly understood. Here we...

The relationships between tectonics and hotspot-related magmatism in transform/ transtensive settings are poorly known. The Azores archipelago, lying where the transform plate boundary between the Nubian and Eurasian plates meets the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, is a rare site to investigate these relationships. The distinct tectono-magmatic features of Fai...

We analyze the evolution of the ground deformation at Sakurajima active stratovolcano located in the Aira caldera (Kagoshima prefecture Japan). This caldera, extending over more than 20 km, has been formed as a consequence of a huge eruption, occurred 22,000 years ago, that caused a magma chamber collapse. The Sakurajima volcano is an andesitic con...

The Azores Islands are located on the triple junction involving Eurasian, Nubian and North American plates. Faial is the nearest island to the Atlantic Ridge and one of the most active, with the 1957-58 Capelinhos eruption and the 1998 earthquake. Faial consists of three main structural features: a well exposed graben structure (eastern sector), a...