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Introduction
Skills and Expertise
Publications
Publications (110)
In this paper we propose a general approach to define a many-valued preferential interpretation of gradual argumentation semantics. The approach allows for conditional reasoning over arguments and boolean combination of arguments, with respect to a class of gradual semantics, through the verification of graded (strict or defeasible) implications ov...
We propose an approach for reasoning about actions with domain descriptions including an \(\mathcal{E}\mathcal{L}^{\bot }\) ontology in a temporal action theory. The action theory is based on a Dynamic Linear Time Temporal Logic, whose extensions are defined through temporal answer sets. The work provides conditions under which action consistency c...
Weighted knowledge bases for description logics with typicality have been recently considered under a “concept-wise” multipreference semantics (in both the two-valued and fuzzy case), as the basis of a logical semantics of multilayer perceptrons (MLPs). In this paper we consider weighted conditional $\mathcal{ALC}$ knowledge bases with typicality i...
Weighted knowledge bases for description logics with typicality have been recently considered under a "concept-wise" multipreference semantics (in both the two-valued and fuzzy case), as the basis of a logical semantics of MultiLayer Perceptrons (MLPs). In this paper we consider weighted conditional ALC knowledge bases with typicality in the finite...
In this paper we establish a link between fuzzy and preferential semantics for description logics and self-organizing maps (SOMs), which have been proposed as possible candidates to explain the psychological mechanisms underlying category generalization. In particular, we show that the input/output behavior of a SOM after training can be described...
Weighted knowledge bases for description logics with typicality have been recently considered under a "concept-wise" multipreference semantics (in both the two-valued and fuzzy case), as the basis of a logical semantics of Multilayer Perceptrons. In this paper we consider weighted conditional EL^bot knowledge bases in the two-valued case, and explo...
We propose an approach based on Answer Set Programming for reasoning about actions with domain descriptions including ontological knowledge, expressed in the lightweight description logic EL^\bot. We consider a temporal action theory, which allows for non-deterministic actions and causal rules to deal with ramifications, and whose extensions are de...
In this paper we discuss the relationships between conditional and preferential logics and neural network models, based on a multi-preferential semantics. We propose a concept-wise multipreference semantics, recently introduced for defeasible description logics to take into account preferences with respect to different concepts, as a tool for provi...
In this paper we investigate the relationships between a multipreferential semantics for defeasible reasoning in knowledge representation and a deep neural network model. Weighted knowledge bases for description logics are considered under a “concept-wise” multipreference semantics. The semantics is further extended to fuzzy interpretations and exp...
In this paper we establish a link between preferential semantics for description logics and self-organising maps, which have been proposed as possible candidates to explain the psychological mechanisms underlying category generalisation. In particular, we show that a concept-wise multipreference semantics, which takes into account preferences with...
In this paper we investigate the relationships between a multipreferential semantics for defeasible reasoning in knowledge representation and a deep neural network model. Weighted knowledge bases for description logics are considered under a "concept-wise" multipreference semantics. The semantics is further extended to fuzzy interpretations and exp...
We define a modular multi-concept extension of the lexicographic closure semantics for defeasible description logics with typicality. The idea is that of distributing the defeasible properties of concepts into different modules, according to their subject, and of defining a notion of preference for each module based on the lexicographic closure sem...
In this paper we develop a concept aware multi-preferential semantics for dealing with typicality in description logics, where preferences are associated with concepts, starting from a collection of ranked TBoxes containing defeasible concept inclusions. Preferences are combined to define a preferential interpretation in which defeasible inclusions...
Inthispaperwedescribeaconcept-wisemulti-preferencesemantics for description logic which has its root in the preferential approach for modeling defeasible reasoning in knowledge representation. We argue that this proposal, beside satisfying some desired properties, such as KLM postulates, and avoiding the drowning problem, also defines a plausible n...
In this paper we develop a concept aware multi-preferential semantics for dealing with typicality in description logics, where preferences are associated with concepts, starting from a collection of ranked TBoxes containing defeasible concept inclusions. Preferences are combined to define a preferential interpretation in which defeasible inclusions...
The treatment of comorbid patients is a hot problem in Medical Informatics, since the plain application of multiple Computer-Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs) can lead to interactions that are potentially dangerous for the patients. The specialized literature has mostly focused on the "a-priori" or "execution-time" analysis of the interactions betwee...
The paper describes Pietro Torasso's contribution to the area of diagnostic problem solving, starting from the early 80's and recalling the work carried on by Pietro and by the research group he started at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Torino.
In this paper, we present an approach where Answer Set Programming is used for analyzing the conformance of execution traces, describing the treatment of individual patients, to Computer-Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs) in the medical domain. The problem is challenging because the CIG for a given pathology describes the most typical treatments for t...
In this work we study a rational extension $SROEL^R T$ of the low complexity description logic SROEL, which underlies the OWL EL ontology language. The extension involves a typicality operator T, whose semantics is based on Lehmann and Magidor's ranked models and allows for the definition of defeasible inclusions. We consider both rational entailme...
The treatment of comorbid patients is one of the main challenges of modern health care, and many Medical Informatics approaches have been devoted to it in the last years. In this paper, we propose the first approach in the literature that analyses the conformance of execution traces with multiple Computer-Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs), as needed...
Clinical Guidelines (CGs) provide general evidence-based recommendations and physicians often have to resort also to their Basic Medical Knowledge (BMK) to cope with specific patients. In this paper we explore the interplay between CGs and BMK from the viewpoint of a-posteriori conformance analysis, intended as the adherence of a specific execution...
In this paper we exploit Answer Set Programming (ASP) for reasoning in a rational extension SROEL-R-T of the low complexity description logic SROEL, which underlies the OWL EL ontology language. In the extended language, a typicality operator T is allowed to define concepts T(C) (typical C's) under a rational semantics. It has been proven that inst...
Analyzing conformance of execution traces with clinical guidelines is not a trivial task, because guidelines are developed for physicians who should always interpret them according to their general knowledge; their application to the specific conditions of a patient or a specific context cannot always be foreseen in the guideline specification. In...
Computer Interpretable Guidelines (CIG) are an emerging research area, to support medical decision making through evidence-based recommendations. New challenges in the data management field have to be faced, to integrate CIG management with a proper treatment of patient data, and of other forms of medical knowledge. The GINSENG (GuIdeliNe SEcoNd Ge...
Clinical Guidelines (CGs) are developed for specifying the “best” clinical procedures for specific clinical circumstances. However, a CG is executed on a specific patient, with her peculiarities, and in a specific context, with its limitations and constraints. Physicians have to use Basic Medical Knowledge (BMK) in order to adapt the general CG to...
In a context where, due to the proliferation of mobile devices, virtual social environments on the Web are taking up a very concrete role in the way people experience their surroundings, the Future Internet seems to be headed toward a mixture of Social Web, Semantic Web and Augmented Reality. As a part of a larger project that aims at building a so...
Several explanation and interpretation tasks, such as diagnosis, plan recognition and image interpretation, can be formalized as abductive and consistency reasoning. The interpretation task is usually executed for the purpose of performing actions, e.g., in diagnosis, repair actions or therapy. Some proposals address the problem based on a task-ind...
Temporal logics can be used in reasoning about actions for specifying constraints on domain descriptions and temporal properties to be verified. In this paper, we exploit bounded model checking (BMC) techniques in the verification of dynamic linear time temporal logic (DLTL) properties of an action theory, which is formulated in a temporal extensio...
The paper provides a framework for the verification of business processes, based on an extension of answer set programming (ASP) with temporal logic and constraints. The framework allows to capture expressive fluent annotations as well as data awareness in a uniform way. It allows for a declarative specification of a business process but also for e...
The verification of compliance of business processes to norms requires the representation of different kinds of obligations, including achievement obligations, maintenance obligations, obligations with deadlines and contrary to duty obligations. In this paper we develop a deontic temporal extension of Answer Set Programming (ASP) suitable for verif...
This article introduces a framework for creating rich augmented environments based on a social web of intelligent things and people. We target outdoor environments, aiming to transform a region into a smart environment that can share its cultural heritage with people, promoting itself and its special qualities. Using the applications developed in t...
Clinical Guidelines (CGs) are developed for specifying the “best” clinical procedures for specific clinical circumstances. However, a CG is executed on a specific patient, with her peculiarities, and in a specific context, with its limitations and constraints. Physicians have to use Basic Medical Knowledge (BMK) in order to adapt the general CG to...
Computer Interpretable Guidelines (CIG) are an emerging area of research, to support medical decision making through evidence-based recommendations. However, new challenges in the data management field have to be faced, to integrate CIG management with a proper treatment of patient data, and of other forms of medical knowledge (e.g., causal and beh...
Wanteat is a framework and a suite of applications which allow users to interact with and explore mixed social networks of smart objects and people in the gastronomy domain, thus promoting the cultural heritage of a territory. Wanteat interaction model is based on the concept of a "wheel" [1].
In this paper we introduce the idea of interaction with networks of socially intelligent objects as a way of supporting tourists and introducing them to the culture of a territory and as a way of maintaing the cultural heritage of a territory alive. We illustrate this idea with an application we designed in the field of gastronomy. Socially intelli...
In this paper we present a framework to support business process compliance verification. A process model, provided in a Business Process Modeling tool, is annotated with information relevant for compliance verification. In particular, if a condition is mentioned in a regulation, an activity that makes that condition true, or that requires it as a...
In this paper we combine Answer Set Programming (ASP) with Dynamic Linear
Time Temporal Logic (DLTL) to define a temporal logic programming language for
reasoning about complex actions and infinite computations. DLTL extends
propositional temporal logic of linear time with regular programs of
propositional dynamic logic, which are used for indexing...
Recent extensive usage of ontologies as knowledge bases that enable rigorous representation and reasoning over heterogenous data poses certain challenges in their construction and maintenance. Many of these ontologies are incomplete, containing many dense sub-ontologies. A need arises for a measure that would help calculate the similarity between t...
In this paper we provide a framework for the specification and the verification of business processes, which is based on a temporal extension of answer set programming (ASP) and we address the problem of verifying the compliance of business processes to norms. The logical formalism we use, is a combination of Answer Set Programming and Dy-namic Lin...
The paper presents a framework that allows the collection of multiple story fragments from several sources and/or authors,
in the context of social networks, where story fragments tell facts about items that are ontologically modeled in the system.
The framework provides tools for threading facts together into stories; by doing so, it shapes a new...
In this paper we address the problem of verifying business process compliance with norms. To this end, we employ reasoning
about actions in a temporal action theory. The action theory is defined through a combination of Answer Set Programming and
Dynamic Linear Time Temporal Logic (DLTL). The temporal action theory allows us to formalize a business...
Several explanation and interpretation tasks, such as diagnosis, plan recognition and image interpretation, can be formalized as abductive and consistency reasoning. The interpretation task is usually executed for the purpose of performing actions, e.g., in diagnosis, repair actions or therapy. In some cases actions are the only or the main way for...
This paper proposes a framework based on Service Oriented Architecture which integrates diagnostic services in the architecture
of a composite service in order to improve the recovery from the occurring exceptions. Our framework supports a fine-grained
selection of exception handlers suitable to repair the problem without modifying the basic mechan...
Artificial Intelligence is a highly creative field. Numerous research areas in Computer Science that originated over the past fifty years within AI laboratories and were discussed in AI conferences are now completely independent and mature research ...
Several explanation and interpretation tasks, such as diagnosis, plan recognition and image interpre-tation, can be formalized as abductive and consis-tency reasoning. Some proposals address the prob-lem based on a task-independent representation of a domain which includes an ontology or taxonomy of hypotheses. In this paper we rely on the same typ...
In this paper we deal with the problem of model-based diagnosability analysis for Web Services. The goal of diagnosability
analysis is to determine whether the information one can observe during service execution is sufficient to precisely locate
(by means of diagnostic reasoning) the source of the problem. The major difficulty in the context of We...
In this paper we propose a framework for decen- tralized model-based diagnosis of complex systems modeled with qualitative constraints and whose models are distributed among their subsystems. We assume that Local Diagnosers are associated with subsystems and are coordinated by a Super- visor which acts as the diagnoser for the complex system. The L...
In this paper, we consider the following form of temporal abduction: given a domain theory where each explanatory formula is augmented with a set of temporal constraints on the atoms occurring in the formula, and given a set of observed atoms, with associated temporal constraints, the goal is the generation of a temporally consistent abductive expl...
Currently, fault management in Web Services orchestrating multiple suppliers relies on a local analysis, that does not span across individual services, thus limiting the effectiveness of recovery strategies. We propose to address this limitation by employing Model-Based Diagnosis to enhance fault analysis. In our approach, a Diagnostic Web Service...
Fault management in Web services composed by individual services from multiple suppliers currently relies on a local analysis that does not span across individual services, thus limiting the effectiveness of recovery strategies. We propose to address this limitation of current standards for Web service composition by employing model-based diagnosis...
Distributed software systems would benefit from autonomous fault management capabilities, but current prac- tice is only based on handling exceptions without attempts at identifying causes for them. This paper is a step toward Web Services with autonomous diagnostic capabilities. It provides a novel context of application for model-based diagnosis,...
The automatic generation of decision trees based on o#-line reasoning on models of a domain is a reasonable compromise between the advantages of using a model-based approach in technical domains and the constraints imposed by embedded applications. In this paper we extend the approach to deal with temporal information. We introduce a notion of temp...
The automatic generation of decision trees based on off-line reasoning on models of a domain is a reasonable compromise between the advantages of using a model-based ap- proach in technical domains and the constraints imposed by embedded applications. In this paper we extend the approach to deal with temporal information. We introduce a notion of t...
In this paper we discuss the adoption of a knowledge based diagnostic approach for the diagnosis of production lines, within the European project “Intelligent Monitoring, Diagnostics and Maintenance System in Flexible Production” (Intell-diag). In particular, we present the application to one of the business cases considered in the project, a fuel...
In the state of the art on the ramification problem, it is acknowledged that ramifications of actions are not logical consequences of state constraints and require explicit representation through causal laws. Yet, causal laws are still tightly coupled with state constraints in that their syntactic form is derived from state constraints or in that t...
Generating abductive explanations is the basis of several problem solving activities such as diagnosis, planning, and interpretation. Temporal abduction means generating explanations that do not only account for the presence of observations, but also for temporal information on them, based on temporal knowledge in the domain theory. We focus on the...
In this paper we describe qualitative constraintbased modeling and reasoning strategies for simulation and diagnosis of continuous dynamic systems.
Previous work in model-based reasoninga nd in reasoning about action and change has shown that causal knowledge is essential
to perform proper inferences about discrete changes in a system modeled by a set of logical or qualitative constraints.
In this work we show that causal information can also be conveniently used to greatly improve the effici...
In the last couple of years, several high-level languages have been proposed for modeling actions and change, following the example of Gelfond and Lifschitz's A language. The goal of these languages is to analyse in a simplified context the fundamental issues in reasoning about actions and the constructs required for dealing with them. In this pape...
The automatic generation of diagnostic decision trees from qualitative models is a reasonable com- promise between the advantages of using a model- based approach in technical domains and the con- straints imposed by on-board applications. In this paper we extend the approach to deal with tempo- ral information. We introduce a notion of tempo- ral...
The aim of this paper is to analyse from various points of view the relationships between abduction and deduction. In particular, we consider a meta-level definition of abduction in terms of deduction, similar to various definitions proposed in the literature, and an object-level definition in which abductive conclusions are expressed as a logicalc...
In this paper we discuss our experience in applying qualitative deviations modeling and causal relations to qualitative simulation and diagnosis of dynamic controlled systems. We adopt a layered modeling approach: Qualitative Deviations Equations with causal semantics as a high level model description language, suitable for system specification, an...
In previous work we showed that the automatic generation of diagnostic decision trees from qualitative models is a reasonable compromise between the advantages of using a model-based approach in automotive domains and the constraints imposed by on-board applications. In this paper we extend the approach to deal with temporal information. We introdu...
this paper we concentrate on practical aspects of qualitative modeling and reasoning about continuous dynamic systems using constraints, reporting our experience in simulation and diagnosis of real-life systems using constraint-based models and heuristics. We briefly introduce an high level declarative language LQDE (Qualitative Deviations Equation...
On-board diagnostic systems play an important role in the current generation of cars and will play an increasingly important role in the next future. The design of on-board diagnostic systems is a challenging problem under several points of view. In this paper we discuss the experience we made on such a problem within the VMBD project. In particula...
Diagnostic reasoning has been characterized logically as consistency-based reasoning or abductive reasoning. Previous analyses in the literature have shown, on the one hand, that choosing the (in general more restrictive) abductive definition may be appropriate or not, depending on the content of the knowledge base [Console&Torasso91], and, on the...
. In Model-Based Diagnosis there is an increasing interest in the diagnosis of dynamic systems. Some recent contributions in the literature show that in some cases such systems can be diagnosed with pure state-based diagnosis, i.e. reasoning on single states of the system rather than on transitions of the system from one state to another. In this w...
On-board diagnostic systems play an important role in the current generation of cars and will play an increasingly important role in the next future. The design of on-board diagnostic systems is a challenging problem under several points of view. In this paper we discuss the experience we made on such a problem within the VMBD project. In particula...
On-board diagnostic systems play an important role in the current generation of cars and will play an increasingly important role in the next future. The design of on-board diagnostic systems is a challenging problem under several points of view. In this paper we discuss the experience we made on such a problem within the VMBD project. In particula...
Model-based diagnosis (MBD) tackles the problem of troubleshooting systems starting from a description of their structure and function (or behavior). Time is a fundamental dimension in MBD: the behavior of most systems is time-dependent in one way or another. Temporal MBD, however, is a difficult task and indeed many simplifying assumptions have be...
The goal of this paper is to analyse the different dimensions in temporal model-based diagnosis and the different choices, as regards both modeling and reasoning, in the design of a temporal diagnostic system. We relate the modeling choices and the abstractions that can be made to simplify a temporal diagnostic system to the dimensions of the probl...
In Model-Based Diagnosis there is an increasing interest in the diagnosis of dynamic systems. Some recent contributions in the literature show that in some cases such systems can be diagnosed with pure state-based diagnosis, i.e. reasoning on single states of the system rather than on transitions of the system from one state to another. In this wor...
ion Axioms ? Luca Console 1 and Daniele Theseider Dupr'e 2 1 Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Universit`a di Udine Via Zanon 6, 33100 Udine, Italy 2 Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit`a di Torino, Corso Svizzera 185, 10149 Torino, Italy Abstract. This paper deals with abductive reasoning on knowledge bases that are expressed at differe...
The idea system developed by Centro Ricerche Fiat is one of the most successful practical applications of model-based diagnosis. However, idea is based on functional dependency models that have to be built ad-hoc for each specific device to be diagnosed. Thus, the models are not easily reusable and this increases the cost of building new applicatio...
In this paper we present an extension of the spectrum of logical definitions of model-based diagnosis introduced in [8]. The extended spectrum considers the case of temporal model-based diagnosis. We distinguish between different temporal phenomena that can be taken into account in diagnosis and we introduce a modeling language which can capture al...
ion in Abductive Reasoning Daniele Theseider Dupr'e and Mauro Rossotto ? Dipartimento di Informatica -- Universit`a di Torino Corso Svizzera 185 -- 10149 Torino, Italy -- E-mail: dtd@di.unito.it Abstract. The use of knowledge at different levels of abstraction can be proposed to make automated abduction more flexible. This paper analyzes several de...
Several approaches have been proposed to deal with time in diagnosis. The goal of this paper is to propose a logical characterization of diagnosis with temporal knowledge, and, specifically, diagnosis with temporal constraints on the evolution of the system to be diagnosed. The characterization is independent of the specific temporal constraint lan...
. In this paper, we consider the following form of temporal abduction: given a domain theory where each explanatory formula is augmented with a set of temporal constraints on the atoms occurring in the formula, and given a set of observed atoms, with associated temporal constraints, the goal is the generation of a temporally consistent abductive ex...
ion axioms, which can be seen as IS-A relationships without exceptions [ Brachman, 1985 ] , are a direct way of introducing abstractions in the logical approach to abduction. They are sufficient for discussing the declarative and computational issues mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, even if they do not necessarily correspond to all of th...
.In the current state of the art on the ramification problem, the purposeof causal laws is to restore the integrity of state constraints. In contrastwith this view, we argue that causal laws should be seen as representationsof how physical (or logical) forces and effects propagate through a dynamicsystem.We argue that in order to obtain a natural a...
In the last couple of years, several high-level languages have been proposed for modeling actions and change, following the example of Gelfond and Lifschitz's A language and tackling increasingly complex issues. In this paper we present a narrative-based language ER with a linear time structure, which is designed to deal correctly with simultaneous...
Abduction is the process of generating explanations for an observation, starting from a domain theory. We consider an extension of the classical definition of abduction in order to deal with temporal knowledge both in the theory and in the observations. This form of abduction is the basis of many problem solving activities such as temporal diagnosi...
Several artificial intelligence architectures and systems based on
“deep” models of a domain have been proposed, in particular
for the diagnostic task. These systems have several advantages over
traditional knowledge based systems, but they have a main limitation in
their computational complexity. One of the ways to face this problem is
to rely on...
Declarative authorization languages promise to simplify the adminis- tration of access control systems by allowing the authorization policy to be factored out of the implementation of the resource guard. However, writing a correct policy is an error-prone task by itself, and little attention has been given to tools and techniques facilitating the a...
The problem of view updating in databases consists in modifying the extension of view relations (i.e., relations defined in terms of “base” ones) transforming only the content of the extensional database, i.e., the extensional representation of base relations. This task is non-deductive in nature and its relationships with non-monotonic reasoning,...
ionin Abductive ReasoningDaniele Theseider Dupr'e and Mauro Rossotto?Dipartimento di Informatica -- Universit`a di TorinoCorso Svizzera 185 -- 10149 Torino, Italy -- E-mail: dtd@di.unito.itAbstract. The use of knowledge at different levels of abstraction canbe proposed to make automated abduction more flexible. This paperanalyzes several declarativ...
The analysis of time-varying systems is attracting a lot of attention in the model-based diagnosis community. In this paper we propose an approach to the diagnosis of such systems, relying on a component-oriented model; we provide separately a behavioral model, that is, knowledge about the consequences of differentbehavioral modes of the components...
In this paper we discuss two different approaches for the combination of heuristic and causal reasoning in diagnostic problem solving. In particular, we first present the two-level architecture CHECK which exploits both experiential knowledge and a deeper form of knowledge. While the former is represented by means of a frame-based formalism, the la...
An abstract is not available.
This paper deals with abductive reasoning on knowledge bases that are expressed at different levels of abstraction, but are not necessarily organized as a set of increasingly more abstract models, each one giving a complete (even if abstracted) description of a domain. We claim that the search for abductive explanations in such a context and, in pa...
