Daniel R Moore

Daniel R Moore
University of Toronto | U of T · Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education

Ph.D.

About

174
Publications
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11,358
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Introduction
Skills and Expertise
Additional affiliations
January 2004 - December 2013
McMaster University

Publications

Publications (174)
Article
Marine-derived proteins, such as blue whiting-derived protein hydrolysates (BWPH), represent high-quality sources of dietary protein, but their ability to support postexercise anabolism is not established. The impact of BWPH on whole-body anabolism was compared with an isonitrogenous whey protein isolate (WPI) and nonessential amino acid (NEAA) con...
Article
Full-text available
The impact of training volume on protein requirements in endurance trained males was investigated with indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) methodology on a recovery day (REST) or after a 10 or 20 km run while consuming a single suboptimal protein intake (0.93 g/kg/day). Phenylalanine excretion (F¹³CO2; inverse proxy for whole body protein synthes...
Article
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the daily protein requirements of female and male endurance athletes in a home-based setting using noninvasive stable isotope methodology (i.e., indicator amino acid oxidation). Methods: Eight males (30 ± 3 yr; 78.6 ± 10.5 kg; 75.6 ± 7.5 mL·kgFFM-1·min-1; mean ± SD) and seven females (30 ± 4 yr; 57.7 ± 5.0...
Article
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Background Given limited experience in applying the creatine-(methyl-D 3 ) (D 3 Cr) dilution method to measure skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in young children, the feasibility of deployment in a fielding setting and performance of the method was assessed in a cohort of 4-year-old children in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods Following D 3 Cr oral dose (10 m...
Article
Background: Protein is most commonly consumed as whole foods as opposed to single nutrients. However, the food matrix regulation of the postprandial muscle protein synthetic response has received little attention. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of eating salmon (SAL) and of ingesting the same nutrients as an isol...
Article
Full-text available
Endurance exercise alters amino acid (AA) metabolism that necessitates greater AA intake in the post exercise recovery period to support recovery. Thus, daily AA ingestion during a period of endurance training may affect the metabolically active plasma free AA pool, which is otherwise maintained during periods of inadequate protein intake by the br...
Article
Full-text available
The activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a master regulator of protein synthesis, by anabolic stimuli (such as muscle contraction or essential amino acids) involves its translocation to the cell periphery. Leucine is generally considered the most anabolic of amino acids for its ability to independently modulate musc...
Article
Skeletal muscle repair and maintenance are directly and indirectly supported by stromal populations such as vascular cells and fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), a subset of which express Twist2 and possess direct myogenic potential in rodents. However, less is understood of the complexity and heterogeneity of human skeletal muscle stromal cells....
Article
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Home-based resistance exercise (RE) has become increasingly prevalent, but its effects on protein metabolism are understudied. We tested the effect of an essential amino acid formulation (EAA+: 9 g EAAs, 3 g leucine) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs: 6 g BCAAs, 3 g leucine), relative to a carbohydrate (CHO) placebo, on exogenous leucine retent...
Article
Interrupting prolonged sitting with intermittent exercise enhances postprandial glycemic control but has unknown effects on sensitizing skeletal muscle to dietary amino acids. We hypothesized that brief walking or body weight squats would enhance the utilization of dietary phenylalanine for myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) during prolonged si...
Article
Full-text available
There are limited tools to measure anabolic sensitivity non-invasively in response to acute physiological stimuli, which represents a challenge for research in free-living settings and vulnerable populations. We tested the ability of a stable isotope breath test to detect changes in leucine oxidation (OX) and leucine retention (intake–OX) across a...
Article
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The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged as the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that has spread worldwide, resulting in over 6 million deaths as of March 2022. Older people have been disproportionately affected by the disease, as they have greater risk of hospitalizat...
Article
Full-text available
This paper examines the opinion that we should aim to optimize, rather than maximize, protein intakes to avoid over-emphasizing muscle-centric protein requirements. An optimal eating approach strives to minimize amino acid oxidative waste and more efficiently stimulate postprandial muscle protein accretion. To do this, practitioners should acknowle...
Article
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Purpose: Resistance training induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy via the summated effects of post-exercise elevations in myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) that persist for up to 48 h, although research in females is currently lacking. MyoPS is regulated by mTOR translocation and colocalization; however, the effects of resistance training on t...
Article
Following anabolic stimuli (mechanical loading and/or amino acid provision) the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a master regulator of protein synthesis, translocates toward the cell periphery. However, it is unknown if mTORC1-mediated phosphorylation events occur in these peripheral regions or prior to translocation (i.e. in cen...
Article
Full-text available
Background Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and lactation is a modifiable factor that may influence offspring musculoskeletal outcomes. However, few randomized trials have tested the effects of prenatal or postpartum vitamin D supplementation on offspring bone and muscle development. Objective To examine hypothesized effects of improveme...
Article
Full-text available
The influx of essential amino acids into skeletal muscle is primarily mediated by the large neutral amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), which is dependent on the glutamine gradient generated by the sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter 2 (SNAT2). The protein expression and membrane localization of LAT1 may be influenced by amino acid ingesti...
Article
Full-text available
Background Acute exercise increases the incorporation of dietary amino acids into de novo myofibrillar proteins after a single meal in controlled laboratory studies in males. It is unclear whether this extends to free-living settings or is influenced by training or sex. Objectives We determined the effects of exercise, training status, and sex on...
Article
Purpose of review: The practice of time-restricted feeding (TRF) has received fervent interest in recent years as a strategy to mitigate obesity and metabolic disease. We sought to review the implications of TRF for skeletal muscle health and function in aging. Recent findings: TRF has high adherence and can promote body weight loss in older pop...
Article
Full-text available
It is established that protein requirements are elevated in athletes to support their training and post-exercise recovery and adaptation, especially within skeletal muscle. However, research on the requirements for this macronutrient has been performed almost exclusively in younger athletes, which may complicate their translation to the growing pop...
Article
Full-text available
Key points The ingestion of protein potentiates the stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis rates after an acute bout of resistance exercise. Protein supplementation (eating above the protein Recommended Dietary Allowance) during resistance training has been shown to maximize lean mass and strength gains in healthy young and older adults. Her...
Article
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This study assessed the feasibility of a phase II randomized controlled trial of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), resistance training (RT), and usual care (UC) in men with prostate cancer (PCa) on active surveillance and evaluated changes in clinically relevant outcomes. Eighteen men undergoing active surveillance for PCa were randomized to...
Article
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Satellite cells (SC) play an integral role in the recovery from skeletal muscle damage and supporting muscle hypertrophy. Acute resistance exercise typically elevates type I and type II SC content 24-96 hours post-exercise in healthy young males, although comparable research in females is lacking. We aimed to elucidate whether sex-based differences...
Preprint
Full-text available
Following anabolic stimuli (e.g. mechanical loading and/or amino acid provision) the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a master regulator of protein synthesis, translocates toward the cell periphery. However, it is unknown if mTORC1 activity occurs prior to or following this translocation. We therefore aimed to determine the cellu...
Article
Full-text available
Muscle protein is constantly “turning over” through the breakdown of old/damaged proteins and the resynthesis of new functional proteins, the algebraic difference determining net muscle gain, maintenance, or loss. This turnover, which is sensitive to the nutritional environment, ultimately determines the mass, quality, and health of skeletal muscle...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives Maternal vitamin D status has gained substantial attention as a modifiable contributor to offspring musculoskeletal health, yet there is a paucity of trial-derived data to corroborate effects of prenatal or postpartum vitamin D supplementation on offspring bone mass accrual. Among maternal-infant pairs in Bangladesh, we aimed to examine...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives Dietary protein intake augments muscle protein synthesis rates during acute recovery from resistance exercise training (RET) and can help offset age-related loss in muscle mass. Skeletal muscle tissue contains a variety of different protein pools such as myofibrillar (contractile), mitochondrial (substrate oxidation), and collagen (struc...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives The ingestion of free amino acids, or isolated sources of protein, results in faster postprandial release of dietary amino acids into circulation, which stimulates muscle protein synthesis rates. However, indirect evidence suggests that this rapid release of dietary amino acids after the ingestion of free amino acids is coupled with high...
Article
Optimal carbohydrate and protein intakes are vital for modulating training adaptation, recovery, and exercise performance. However, the research base underpinning contemporary sport nutrition guidelines has largely been conducted in male populations with a lack of consensus on whether the menstrual phase and associated changes in sex hormones allow...
Article
Full-text available
We determined if interrupting prolonged sitting with practical 'activity snacks' could reduce postprandial glycemia and insulinemia in healthy adults. Fourteen participants (7 males, 7 females; 24±5yr; 25±5kg/m ² ; 40±8ml/kg/min; 7033±2288 steps/d) completed three 7.5-hr trials in a randomized order consisting of uninterrupted sitting (SIT), sittin...
Presentation
Traditional methods to determine myofibrillar protein synthesis rates (MyoPS) can be particularly invasive due to the need for intravenous tracer infusions and blood sampling and do not provide insight into the metabolic fate of dietary amino acids (AA). MyoPS is believed to be regulated predominantly by mTORC1-related signalling after feeding and...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Variable intensity training (VIT) characteristic of stop-and-go team sport exercise may reduce performance capacity when performed on successive days but also represent a strategy to induce rapid training-induced increases in exercise capacity. Although post-exercise protein enhances muscle protein synthesis, the timing of protein inges...
Article
Skeletal muscle is a highly plastic tissue capable of remodeling in response to a range of physiological stimuli including nutrients and exercise. Historically, the lysosome has been considered an essentially catabolic organelle contributing to autophagy, phagocytosis, and exo/endocytosis in skeletal muscle. However, recent evidence has emerged of...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives Healthy eating patterns consist of eating whole foods as opposed to single nutrients. The maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is of particular interest to overall health. As such, there is a need to underpin the role of eating nutrients within their natural whole-food matrix versus isolated nutrients on the regulation of postprandial mus...
Article
Full-text available
Protein recommendations for resistance-trained athletes are generally lower than their habitual intakes. Excess protein consumption increases the capacity to oxidize amino acids, which can attenuate post-exercise anabolism and may impact protein requirements determined by stable isotope techniques predicated on amino acid tracer oxidation. We aimed...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Leucine-enriched essential amino acids (LEAAs) acutely enhance post-exercise myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS), which has been suggested to be important for muscle repair and recovery. However, the ability of LEAAs to concurrently enhance MyoPS and muscle damage recovery in free-living humans has not been studied. Methods: In a ran...
Article
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Background: Although the health benefits of regular physical activity and exercise are well established and have been incorporated into national public health recommendations, there is a relative lack of understanding pertaining to the harmful effects of physical inactivity. Experimental paradigms including complete immobilization and bed rest are...
Article
Background: Dietary protein supports resistance exercise-induced anabolism primarily via the stimulation of protein synthesis rates. The indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique provides a noninvasive estimate of the protein intake that maximizes whole-body protein synthesis rates and net protein balance. Objective: We utilized IAAO to de...
Article
Full-text available
Maximizing the post-exercise increase in muscle protein synthesis, especially of the contractile myofibrillar protein fraction, is essential to facilitate effective muscle remodeling, and enhance hypertrophic gains with resistance training. MPS is the primary regulated variable influencing muscle net balance with dietary amino acid ingestion repres...
Article
Full-text available
Skeletal muscle mass, a strong predictor of longevity and health in humans, is determined by the balance of two cellular processes, muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB). Of these two, MPS seems to be particularly sensitive to changes in mechanical load and/or nutritional status, and therefore much research has focused o...
Article
Full-text available
Improving the health of skeletal muscle is an important component of obesity treatment. Apart from allowing for physical activity, skeletal muscle tissue is fundamental for the regulation of postprandial macronutrient metabolism, a time period that represents when metabolic derangements are most often observed in adults with obesity. In order for s...
Article
Full-text available
A healthy eating pattern, regardless of age, should consist of ingesting high quality protein preferably in adequate amounts across all meals throughout the day. Of particular relevance to overall health is the growth, development, and maintenance of skeletal muscle tissue. Skeletal muscle not only contributes to physical strength and performance,...
Article
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Introduction: Training with low-carbohydrate (CHO) availability enhances markers of aerobic adaptation and has become popular to periodize throughout an endurance-training program. However, exercise-induced amino acid oxidation is increased with low muscle glycogen, which may limit substrate availability for post-exercise protein synthesis. We aim...
Article
Adolescent, female, and masters athletes have unique nutritional requirements as a consequence of undertaking daily training and competition in addition to the specific demands of age- and gender-related physiological changes. Dietary education and recommendations for these special population athletes require a focus on eating for long-term health,...
Article
Full-text available
The increased protein requirement of endurance athletes may be related to the need to replace exercise-induced oxidative losses, especially of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). However, it is unknown if non-essential amino acids (NEAA) influence the requirement for essential amino acids (EAA) during post-exercise recovery. Seven endurance-trai...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction: Current athlete-specific protein recommendations are based almost exclusively on research in males. Purpose: Using the minimally-invasive indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique, we determined the daily protein intake that maximizes whole body protein synthesis and net protein balance after exercise in strength trained fema...
Poster
High intensity cycle training can increase muscle power and aerobic capacity in as little as a week. Dietary protein ingestion enhances muscle protein synthesis during the immediate and overnight postexercise periods to support muscle remodeling and recovery. The aim of this study was to determine if immediate (IMM) as compared to delayed (DEL) pro...
Article
The effect of nutrient‐dense food ingestion immediately after resistance exercise as a nutritional strategy to promote muscle anabolism has not been clearly established. Given that a coordinated anabolic response is necessary for the regulation of muscle protein synthesis with exercise and protein ingestion, our aim was to determine whether egg whi...
Article
Adolescence is characterized by the greatest increase in linear growth and accrual of fat‐free mass (FFM) during the life cycle. This growth spurt is optimized by adequate energy and protein intake. Active adolescents also display a greater FFM than their sedentary peers with the sexual dimorphism of puberty leading to a greater total gain in males...
Article
The majority of protein consumed in the diet is obtained from whole food sources that contain a mixture of macro‐ and micronutrients. Whereas the majority of research investigated the effect of isolated protein sources on protein metabolism, our aim was to assess the muscle anabolic potential of consuming a complete protein within its naturally occ...
Article
Blood pH is typically held within a narrow range in healthy individuals. However, pathological conditions (e.g. chronic kidney disease) or net acid loads associated with Western diets and/or aging can induce shifts in acid‐base homeostasis that may alter whole body and muscle protein kinetics that, over time, could lead to changes in lean body mass...
Article
Post‐exercise protein consumption enhances muscle and whole body anabolism for up to 24h by providing amino acids to support increased rates of protein synthesis. However, little research has addressed if high quality protein consumption may concomitantly facilitate the acute recovery of exercise performance. We aimed to determine if a whey protein...
Article
Dietary protein is important for the repair and/or rebuilding of skeletal muscle and body proteins and is required to induce a net anabolic environment during recovery from exercise. While the majority of studies assess the effect of protein intake on protein synthesis (S), maximizing net balance [NB; the algebraic difference between S and breakdow...
Article
Full-text available
PurposeInsulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) regulates protein synthesis and cell cycle kinetics. Given that aging is associated with anabolic resistance, we sought to determine if the attenuated exercise-induced satellite cell (SC) expression in older muscle is associated with a blunted IGF-1 response. MethodsSC expression (Pax7+ cells) and protein...
Article
Understanding how exercise and dietary protein alter the turnover and synthesis of body proteins in youth can provide guidelines for the optimal development of lean mass. This review hypothesizes that active youth obtain similar anabolic benefits from exercise and dietary protein as adults but the requirement for amino acids to support growth rende...
Article
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Abstract Background Muscle protein synthesis and muscle net balance plateau after moderate protein ingestion in adults. However, it has been suggested that there is no practical limit to the anabolic response of whole-body net balance to dietary protein. Moreover, limited research has addressed the anabolic response to dietary protein in adolescent...
Article
Full-text available
Recommendations for dietary protein are based primarily intakes that maintain nitrogen (i.e. protein) balance rather than optimize metabolism and/or performance. Purpose: To determine how varying protein intakes, including a new tracer-derived safe intake, alter whole body protein metabolism and exercise performance during training. Methods: Us...
Article
We have recently demonstrated that whole egg ingestion induces a greater muscle protein synthetic (MPS) response when compared to isonitrogenous egg white ingestion after resistance exercise in young men. Our aim was to determine whether whole egg or egg white ingestion differentially influenced co-localization of key regulators of mechanistic targ...
Data
Representative blots of total protein content of caspase-3 and ubiquitin before and after mixed-meal ingestion in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients (n = 8) and control subjects (n = 8).
Data
Self-reported dietary intake during 2 days before the infusion trial.
Data
Representative blots of total protein content of large neutral amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), phosphorylation and total protein content of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) at Ser2448 before and after mixed meal ingestion in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients (n = 8) and control subjects (n = 8).
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Skeletal muscle loss is common in patients with renal failure who receive maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) therapy. Regular ingestion of protein-rich meals are recommended to help offset muscle protein loss in MHD patients, but little is known about the anabolic potential of this strategy. Methods Eight MHD patients (age: 56 ± 5 years;...