Daniel Foucher

Ryerson University · Department of Chemistry and Biology

Select triphenyl stannanes bearing either a formally sp2 or sp3 hybridized amine, viz 2-(pyC2H4)SnPh3 (2: py = pyridinyl), 4-(pyC2H4)SnPh3 (3), 2-(pzC2H4)SnPh3 (4: pz = pyrazyl), and Me2N(CH2)3SnPh3 (6), were prepared and characterized by NMR spectroscopy (119Sn, 13C, 1H), and additionally, in the case of 2, by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Bro...

The ongoing threat of global warming has resulted in numerous attempts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and impede its ramifications. Replacing fossil fuels in products with renewable biobased materials is currently one approach to tackle the climate change crisis. Lignocellulose is the most abundant natural biomass source and is a potential cand...

A series of potentially hypercoordinate tin compounds derived from a substitutionally labile tosyl stannane (5) was produced to gain access to a library of propyloxybiphenyl (11), propylmethoxy (12, 14, 18, 22) or propylthioester (13, 15, 19, 23) stannanes for structure/property/polymerization investigations. Structural characterizations by single...

The reduction potentials of a series of mono-, di- and trichloro alkyl and aryl substituted silanes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. It was shown that chlorosilanes can be reduced in two one electron steps at potentials more positive than -1V vs SCE. The solvent type (THF, MeCN), silane type and polymerization and electrolyte concentration w...

In this paper we outline two major findings. The first is that we describe how designer hypercoordinate stannanes can be made from simple substitutions, and by extension, designer tin polymers, at least partially, using these methods. The second is that using advanced DFT methods, 119Sn NMR frequencies have been accurately calculated for select hyp...

In this paper we outline two major findings. The first is that we describe how designer hypercoordinate stannanes can be made from simple substitutions, and by extension, designer tin polymers, at least partially, using these methods. The second is that using advanced DFT methods, 119Sn NMR frequencies have been accurately calculated for select hyp...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on global health and the world's economies. Proliferation of virulent and deadly SARS-CoV-2 variants require effective transmission mitigation strategies. Under reasonable environmental conditions, culturable and infectious SARS-CoV-2 can survive on contaminated fomites from hours to...

A series of cyclic thionylphosphazenes were prepared and density functional theory (DFT) calculations initiated to gain insight into their susceptibility to ambient ring-opening polymerization with Lewis acid catalysts (GaCl3, AlCl3). DFT analyses determined that PBE1PBE-GD3BJ provided the optimal calculated structures for 1, 5, 5’ and 8. The gauge...

A commercially available and EPA/PMRA registered quaternary ammonium antimicrobial formulation was applied to stainless steel carrier disks and sent to two virology research institutes to independently determine whether samples treated with SiQAC-C18 antimicrobial material could deactivate deposited SARS-CoV-2 virions on contaminated surfaces. The...

The Large Droplet Inoculation (LDI) protocol for testing antimicrobial coatings and treatments is simple, reproducible, and closely mimics real-world conditions at solid/air interfaces. This is an advancement of the current ISO 22196/JIS Z 2801 standard method, as it provides greater ease-of-use and more closely resembles the contamination of commo...

The threat of antibiotic-resistant, biofilm-forming bacteria necessitates a preventative approach to combat the proliferation of robust, pathogenic strains on “high touch surfaces” in the food packaging, biomedical, and healthcare industries. The development of both biocide-releasing and tethered, immobilized biocide surface coatings has risen to m...

div>Water dispersible polyester resins derived from dimethyl terephthalate, dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt, 1,2-propane diol and diethylene glycol were prepared. A Design of Experiment (DOE) was explored by varying the concentration of the ionic 5-sulfo-isophthalate sodium salt and diethylene glycol at various molecular weights and found...

Contact-active ammonium and phosphonium antimicrobial polymeric coatings grafted to plastic surfaces by UV treatment are described. Robust, antimicrobial styrenic polymeric scaffolds copolymerized with a low loading of UV-curable benzophenone were prepared by nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP). Similar reversible addition-fragmentation chain-t...

Tetraorganotin tin(IV) compounds containing a flexible or rigid (4: Ph3Sn-CH2-C6H4-R; 7: Ph3SnC6H4-R, R = 2-oxazolinyl) chelating oxazoline functionality were prepared in good yields by the reaction of lithiated oxazolines and Ph3SnCl. Reaction of 7 with excess HCl resulted in the isolation of the tin monochlorido compound, 9 (ClSn[Ph2]C6H4-R). Con...

A series of 2-methoxymethyl tetraorganotins [2-(MeOCH2)C6H4]SnR3 (21: R = Ph; 22: R = n-Bu; 23: R = Me), diorganotin chlorides [2-(MeOCH2)C6H4]R2SnCl (24: R = Ph; 25a, 25b: R = n-Bu), monoorganotin dichlorides [2-(MeOCH2)C6H4]RSnCl2 (26: R = Ph; 27: R = n-Bu; 28: R = Me) and the tin trichloride [2-(MeOCH2)C6H4]SnCl3 (29) were successfully prepared...

With the risks associated with healthcare-associated infections and the rise of antibiotic resistant microorganisms, there is an important need to control the proliferation of these factors in hospitals, retirement homes and other institutions. This work explores the development and application of a novel class of sulfonamide-based quaternary ammon...

The synthesis and solid‐state molecular structures of two dichlorido(aryl)(alkyl) tin compounds, 5 and 8, both key intermediates to tunable polystannane architectures, is reported. The materials are further investigated by single‐crystal XRD and a DFT analysis of their preferential “open and closed” geometries. Conversion of said compounds to their...

The synthesis and characterization of polystannanes with "push" or "pull" moieties attached to the tin backbone are described. Precursor tetra aryl- (1, 2) stannanes were converted to mono- (3) and dichloro- (4, 5) stannanes by either sequential chlorination or by redistribution reactions with SnCl4. Compounds 4 and 5 were transformed to polymerisa...

This chapter details the innovative chemistry and interesting structural and electronic properties of later Group 14 (Ge, Sn) oligomers and polymers that has been revealed over the last 25-30 years. The common reductive coupling methods used for the synthesis of polygermanes include Wurtz type or electrochemical coupling of dialkyl and diaryl germa...

Polystannanes with azobenzene moieties designed to protect the Sn-Sn backbone from light- and moisture-induced degradation is described. The azo-stannyl precursor 3 (70%) is converted in good yields (88-91%) to the mono- (4), and dichloro- (5) stannanes, by sequential chlorination, followed by further reduction of 5 to the dihydride (6) using NaBH4...

A series of UV active benzophenone ([C6H5COC6H4-O-(CH2)n-N+Me2R][X-], 4: R = C12H25, n = 3, X- = Br- , 5a-c: R = C18H37, n = 3, X- = Cl-, Br-, I-; 6a-c: R = C18H37, n = 4, X- = Cl-, Br-, I- ; 7a-c: R = C18H37, n = 6, X- = Cl-, Br-, I-) terminated C12 and C18 quaternary ammonium salts (QACs) were prepared by thermal or microwave driven Menshutkin pr...

The synthesis and full characterisation, including in one case via single crystal X-ray diffraction, of two novel bio-derived aromatic monomers are reported. These materials, incorporating a Eugenol or Vanillin molecular skeleton are modified to incorporate diol chains obtained from reaction with glycerine carbonate. They are further characterised...

A library of precursor and functionally active quaternary ammonium cations (QACs) for use as corrosion resistant and or antimicrobial coatings, or alternatively as polymer modifiers, is described. High yielding and improved routes to a series of functionally terminated allyl ([(CH2= CH-CH2) (m)-N+(Me) (n)-C18H37] [X (-)], 1: m= 1, n= 2, X- = Br (-)...

In the title mol­ecule, C13H12N2, all non-H atoms, except for those of the pyridine ring, are essentially coplanar, with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.025 Å. The mean plane of these atoms forms a dihedral angle of 80.98 (4)° with the pyridine ring. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯π inter­actions link the mol­ecules, forming a three-dimensional network.

This review surveys recent developments in the field of pentacoordinated Group 14 (i.e., Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) small molecules, and more specifically Sn compounds, containing ligands with datively linked electron donating atoms such as N, P, O and S. It describes the syntheses of these compounds by a variety of techniques as well as investigations into t...

A series of model linear tristannanes [((1R)3Sn)2(2R)2Sn (1: 1R = 2R = n-Bu, 2: 1R = Ph, 2R = n-Bu, 3: 1R = Me, 2R = n-Bu, 4: 1R = n-Bu, 2R = Ph, 5: 1R = Me, 2R = Ph, 6: 1R = n-Bu, 2R = Me, 7: 1R = Ph, 2R = Me)] were prepared by condensation reactions of one equivalent of a dialkyl or diaryl tin diamide or dihydride and two equivalents of a trialky...

A new condensation polymerization route leading to alternating polystannanes is presented. The stoichiometric reaction of tin dihydrides and tin diamides in ether or toluene under mild reaction conditions afforded three new (modest molecular weight alternating polystannanes –[Ph2SnSn(n-Bu)2]n–), [Ph2SnSnMe2]n–, –[Me2SnSn(n-Bu)2]n–, in addition to a...

A series of aryloxy organotin compounds Ph3Sn(CH2)3OC6H4R (5: R = H; 6: R = Ph; 7: R = OCH3, 8: R = CF3), Ph2ClSn(CH2)3OC6H4R (9: R = H; 10: R = Ph) and PhCl2Sn(CH2)3OC6H4R (12: R = H; 13: R = Ph) have been synthesized and characterised by NMR (1H, 13C, 119Sn) spectroscopy. X-ray structure determinations of 9, 10, 12 and 13 reveal a distorted trigo...

Theoretical calculations illustrate that organometallic macromolecules with piano stool coordination repeating units (Fe-acyl complex) adopt linear chain configuration with a P-Fe-C backbone surrounded by aromatic groups. The macromolecules show molecular weight-dependent and temperature stimulated solution behaviour in DMSO.

A coating of Nylon 6,6 or 6,12 was used to improve the penetration resistance of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric that would be potentially useful in the manufacture of flexible body armor against spike/knife threats. Quasi-static test results for the spike penetrator showed a 77% and 86% improvement in the puncture resistan...

The distannyl-bridged poly bis(dimethylstannyl)ferrocene, 5, was synthesized through either the metal-catalyzed intermolecular dehydrogenative condensation of the bis(dimethylstannyl)ferrocene, 6, or the ring-opening polymerization of the distannane-bridged [2]ferrocenophane, 7. Both polymerization strategies yielded compounds displaying NMR (¹H, ¹...

A series of H2O and/or EtOH soluble, self-assembling quaternary ammonium salts containing a dansyl (DNS) fluorescent moiety suitable for attachment to both porous ([DNS–NH–(CH2)3–NMe2–R+][X−] (2; R = –Si(OMe)3, X− = Cl−) and non-porous (3a; R = –PO(OEt)2, 3b; –PO(Oi-Pr)2, 3c; –(PO(OH)2, X− = Br−), 4; ([DNS–NH–(CH2)3–NMe2–(CH2)3–NH(CH2PO(OEt)2)2+][B...

A brief overview is presented on recent advances in the application of nickel coordination complexes as mediators of olefin polymerisation; in some cases involving stereo-regular polymer formation where appropriate. Emphasis is also given on recent findings concerning di- and tri-nuclear Ni clusters with details on ethylene, methyl methacrylate or...

The symmetrical bisferrocene 1,1,14,14-tetra-n-butyl-2,2,13,13,15,15,26,26-octamethyl-1,2,13,14,15,26-hexastanna[3.3]ferrocenophane ([(η5-C5H4)Fe(η5-C5H4SnMe2Sn(n-Bu)2SnMe2)]2, 8) was synthesized in good yield (82%) from the reductive coupling reaction of 1,1′-bis(dimethylstannyl)ferrocene, 6, with one equivalent of di-n-butylbis(diethylamino) stan...

A composition comprising an inner core of UHMWPE fibres having a molecular weight greater than 500,000 Daltons with a denier of from about 700 to about 3000, preferably from about 1000 to about 2500, more preferably from about 1500 to about 2000, most preferably from about 1500 to about 1800, with an overall thickness of 0.2 to 0.8 mm and a nylo...

The ambient temperature condensation, to yield low molecular weight poly(methyloxothiazene) (Mw = 1 × 104; PDI = 1.4), can be achieved by the reaction of MeS(O2)NHSiMe3 and SOCl2—this latter reaction being performed in an attempt to isolate ClSMe(O)NSiMe3 (6a). The in situ addition of a Lewis acid initiator (e.g., PCl5) to freshly prepared samples...

A reinvestigation of Pd-catalysed alkyne (R'-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CH; R' = H, Ph) insertion chemistry involving R(3)SnSnR(3) (: R = Me; : R = n-Bu) was undertaken. Model distannyl ethylenes (Me(3)SnCH[double bond, length as m-dash]CR'SnMe(3)) and ((n-Bu)(3)SnCH[double bond, length as m-dash]CR'Sn(n-Bu)(3)) were reproduced and further cha...

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) is a chemical agent that acts against microorganisms in a manner similar to that of sodium hypochlorite by releasing free available chlorine. NaDCC has been approved by the WHO for the emergency treatment of water and by the US EPA for routine treatment of water. Previous studies assessing the effectiveness of Na...

The synthesis and characterization of two rare examples of the nickel(II)-containing trinuclear clusters of the general formula μ(3)-halido-μ(3)-hydroxotris(μ-halido)tris(L) trinickel(II) halide [halide = Cl (2), Br (3); L = 4,4-dimethyl-2-(o-anilinyl)-2-oxazoline] are described. These materials are compared and contrasted to the "parent" chloride...

The quantitative conversion of the tertiary stannane (n-Bu)3SnH (2) into (n-Bu)6Sn2 (4) was achieved by heating the neat hydride material under low pressure or under closed inert atmosphere conditions. A 31% conversion of Ph3SnH (3) to Ph6Sn2 (5) was also observed under low pressure however, under closed inert atmosphere conditions afforded Ph4Sn (...

Two perfluorinated potentially polymerizable dichlorostannane monomers, R2SnCl2, [R=(p-CF3C6H4), ((3,5-CF3)2C6H3)] have been prepared in good yield by the comproportionation reactions of the corresponding tetrarylstannanes (1, 2) and tin tetrachloride. The chlorinated monomers 5 and 6 were characterized by X-ray crystallography, 1H, 13C, and 119Sn...

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

The solvent-free, Pt-catalyzed desilylative coupling reaction of 1,1′-bis(dimethylsilyl)ferrocene (12) at elevated temperature leads to the elimination of one dimethylsilane unit and the concomitant oligomerization of ferrocenes with a single dimethylsilyl bridge in low to moderate yields. Air- and moisture-stable oils of the dimer (13) and trimer...

In the cation of the title compound, C5H8N3⁺·I⁻, the C—N(H2) bond distance [1.338 (8) Å] is at the lower end of the range for aryl amines. In the crystal structure, cations and anions are linked via N—H⋯I hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric four-component clusters.

In the cation of the title compound, C5H8N3⁺·Cl⁻, the C—N(H2) bond distance [1.348 (3) Å] is at the lower end of the range for aryl amines. In the crystal structure, cations and anions are linked via N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming one-dimensional chains along [100].

An evaluation of the ambient and elevated temperature Pt-catalyzed reactions of 1, 1'-bis-(dimethylsilyl)ferrocene, in two oxygen-containing polar aprotic solvents: DMF and DMSO has been reported. The redox-active ferrocene units of these polymers typically impart thermal and hydrolytic stability to the backbone, while the overall physical properti...

The title molecule, [Sn(C8H3F6)4], lies on a twofold rotation axis with the SnIV ion in a distorted tetrahedral coordination environment. Both –CF3 groups attached to one of the unique benzene rings are disordered over two sets of sites, with the ratios of refined occupancies being 0.719 (14):0.281 (14) and 0.63 (5):0.37 (5).

The title mol­ecule, [Sn(C8H3F6)4], lies on a twofold rotation axis with the SnIV ion in a distorted tetra­hedral coordination environment. Both –CF3 groups attached to one of the unique benzene rings are disordered over two sets of sites, with the ratios of refined occupancies being 0.719 (14):0.281 (14) and 0.63 (5):0.37 (5).

Low to moderate molecular weight substituted polyferrocenylenes [(η5-C5H3X)Fe(η5-C5H3X)]n (where 3a−3c, X = H, SiMe3, Me) were prepared from the Ullmann coupling reaction of the diiodoferrocenes, (η5-C5H3XI)2Fe (2a−2c), with an excess of copper metal or alternatively CuCl-facilitated coupling of the bis(stannyl)ferrocene, (η5-C5H3SiMe3SnBu3)2Fe (1b...

In the structure of the title compound, [Fe(C8H12ISi)(2)], the cyclopentadienyl rings are fully eclipsed. The trimethylsilyl groups are staggered by 141.0 (4)degrees and the iodo groups by 69.6 (3)degrees.

The first examples of tin-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes, Fe(η- C5H4)2SntBu2 (7a) and Fe(η-C5H4)2SnMes2 (7b) have been synthesized by the low-temperature reaction of Fe(η-C5H4Li)2 · n TMEDA (TMEDA=N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine) with tBu2SnCl2 and Mes2SnCl2 (Mes=2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), respectively. They were isolated in 65% (7a) and 85% (7b) yie...

Solid state polymerization of the [1]ferrocenophane Fe(η-C5H4)2SiMePh yields a stereoregular poly(ferrocenylmethylphenylsilane), the first example of a stereoregular organometallic polymer.

A series of poly(ferrocenylsilanes) with methylated cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings [Fe(η-C5MexH4-x)(η-C5MeyH4-y)SiMe2]n (2a−e) (a, x = 0, y = 0; b, x = 1, y = 1 (Cp−Me groups at random positions); c, x = 1, y = 1 (Cp−Me groups at 3,3‘ positions); d, x = 4, y = 0; e, x = 4, y = 4) have been prepared by thermal ring-opening polymerization (TROP) of the...

A series of phosphorus(III)-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes Fe[(eta-C(5)H(3)R)(eta-C(5)H(3)R')]PX (X = Ph, R = R' = H (3); X = Cl, R = R' = H (4); X = Ph, R = H, R' = (II)Bu (5); X = Ph, R = R' = SiMe(3) (6)) have been synthesized via the reaction of Fe[(eta-C(5)H(3)R'Li)(eta-C(5)H(3)R'Li)]. nTMEDA with PXCl(2) (X = Cl, Ph). The reaction of 6 with an ex...

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of a series of high molecular weight poly(ferrocenylsilanes) [Fe(eta-C5H4)(2)(SiRR')](n) 2a-d(a: R = R' = Me; b: R = R' = Ph; c: R = Me, R' = H; d: R = Me, R' = vinyl) indicated that these materials are thermally stable to ca. 300-350 degrees C under dinitrogen (heating rate 10 degrees C/min) and at more elevated te...

The silicon-bridged [1]ferrocenophane Fe(eta-C(5)H(3)SiMe(3))(2)(SiMe(2)) (5) was synthesized via the reaction of Li-2[Fe(eta-C(5)H(3)SiMe(3))(2)]. tmeda (tmeda = tetramethylethylenediamine) with Me(2)SiCl(2) in hexanes. The disilane-bridged [2]ferrocenophane Fe(eta-C(5)H(3)SiMe(3))(2)(Si(2)Me(4)) (7) was prepared using a similar route from the dis...

(1,1'-Ferrocenediyl)di-n-butylsilane, C18H26FeSi, (1) is a symmetrically substituted [1] ferrocenophane. The crystal structure of 1, determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data, is in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with a = 19.721(2) Angstrom, b = 9.785(1) Angstrom, c = 8.840(2) Angstrom, beta = 101.11(1)degrees, Z = 4, D-calc = 1.295...

The strained, silicon-bridged [1]ferrocenophane Fe(eta-C5H4)(2)SiH2 (4) was prepared via the reaction of H2SiCl2 with Fe(eta-C5H4Li)2 . TMEDA in ether at < -78 degrees C. This species was analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and was found to possess a strained, ring-tilted structure similar to those of previously reported silicon-bridged [1...

The structures of two substituted ferrocene compounds and one substituted ferrocenium compound have been determined. In compound (1), 1,1'-bis(trimethylsilyl)-ferrocenium tetrachloroaluminate(1 -), [Fe{(CH3)(3)Si-eta(5)-C5H4}(2)]AlCl4 the cyclopentadienyl rings are staggered by 17.7(2)degrees. They are also tilted by 4.9(6)degrees from parallelism,...

The first silicon-bridged [1.1]ferrocenophane, [{Fe(η-C5H4)2SiMe2}2]5, was prepared in five steps starting from [Fe(η-C5H4Li)2]·tmen (tmen =N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine). Reaction of [Fe(η-C5H4Li)2]·tmen with SiMe2Cl(NEt2) afforded [Fe{η-C5H4SiMe2(NEt2)}2]6 in high yield. Substitution of the silylamine groups of 6 for chlorine by reaction w...

A series of strained, silicon-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes with methylated cyclopentadienyl rings; which are prospective monomeric precursors of poly(ferrocenylsilanes) via ring-opening polymerization, has been synthesized and characterized. The dimethylated silicon-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes Fe(eta-C(5)H(3)Me)(2)SiMe(2) (4) were prepared as a mixtur...

The structure analysis of the title compound, (1,1'-ferrocenediyl)methylphenylsilane, [Fe(C17H16Si)], is the first such study of an unsymmetrically substituted silicon-bridged [1]ferrocenophane. The strain present in this molecule results in a tilting of the cyclopentadienyl rings by 21.0 (2)degrees from being parallel.

The germanium-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes Fe(eta-C5H4)(2)GeR(2) (3a-c: a, R = Me, b, R = Et, and c, R = Ph) have been prepared via the reaction of Fe(eta-C5H4Li)(2).TMEDA (TMEDA = tetramethylethylenediamine) with the appropriate dichloroorganogermane R(2)GeCl(2). The monosubstituted ferrocenylgermane Fe(eta-C(5)H(4)GeEt(2)Cl)(eta-C5H5) (5) was isola...

Recent developments involving the use of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) as a new route to high molecular weight polymers containing skeletal transition metal atoms are described ROP of strained, ring-tilted silicon-bridged [1]ferrocenophanes provides a route to high molecular weight poly(ferrocenylsilanes). These polymers possess an unusual back...

High molecular weight poly(ferrocenylsilanes) have been pyrolyzed under nitrogen, air and in vacuum to yield magnetic ceramics and interesting small molecule products. The characteristics of the materials produced in these reactions is discussed.

A series of high molecular weight, unsymmetrically substituted poly(ferrocenylsilanes) [Fe-(eta-C5H4)2(SiRR')]n (4a-4g) (a R = Me, R' = H; b R = Me, R' = CH2CH2CF3; c R = Me, R' = CH=CH2; d R = Me, R' = n-C18H37; e R = Me, R' = Ph; f R = Me, R' = Fc, Fc = (eta-C5H4)Fe(eta-C5H5); g R = Me, R' = Nor, Nor = 5-norbornyl) have been prepared via the ther...

The 1,3-disila-2-oxaferrocenophanes Fe(eta5-C5H4)2(SiR2)20 (1) (a, R = Me; b, R = Ph), the 1,3,5-trisila-2,4-dioxaferrocenophane Fe(eta5-C5H4)2(SiMe2O)2SiMe2 (2), and the 1,3,5,7-tetrasila-2,4,6-trioxaferrocenophane Fe(eta-C5H4)2(SiMe2O)3SiMe2 (3) have been prepared in low to good yield from the reaction of the appropriate alpha,omega-dichlorooligo...

Vom Hauptgruppenelement des Spacers und seinen Substituenten hängen die Stärke der Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Ferroceneinheiten der Polymerhauptkette und damit die eigenschaften von 1 und 2 ab. Werden die Komplexeinheiten nicht mit Heteroatomeinheiten, sondern mit C 2 ‐Brücken wie in 3 verknüpft, deutet das elektrochemische Verhalten nur noch au...

Three series of N-heterocyclic dicationic ligands, [R(CH2)nR]2+, [R(o-xyl)R]2+, and [R(p-xyl)R]2+, where R = pyrazine (pyz, n = 3-8), 4,4'-bipyridine (bpy, n - 1-8), and trans- 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpe, n - 1-8), have been synthesized by the reaction of the N-heterocycle with the appropriate alpha,omega-dibromoalkane, alpha,alpha'-dibromo-o-...