Dan Liu

• PhD Student at Chinese Academy of Sciences

Narrow electroluminescence is in high demand for high-resolution displays, optical communication and medical phototherapy. Organic light-emitting transistors, as three-terminal electroluminescent devices, offer advantages in simplifying device architecture and achieving high efficiency under gate regulation. However, achieving high efficiency and n...

Smart agriculture is an inevitable trend in the modernization of agriculture. Achieving efficient and precise monitoring of trace pesticides is an important research direction in smart agriculture, with significant implications for a safe food supply chain. However, highly sensitive and high‐throughput determination of pesticides still faces formid...

Ambipolar transport is crucial for constructing high performance organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs), but the ambipolar feature is usually not be exhibited due to the ineffective electron injection especially in symmetric...

The development of high mobility emissive organic semiconductors is significant for advancing optoelectronic devices with simplified architecture and enhanced performance. The herringbone‐packed structure is regarded as the ideal arrangement for simultaneously achieving high mobility and strong emission in organic semiconductors. However, it remain...

Organic nonvolatile memory has been considered a low‐cost memory technology for flexible electronics and Internet‐of‐things (IoT). However, a major concern is the nonuniformity of memory units, which is primarily caused by random grain boundaries, interface defects, and charge traps, making it difficult to develop high‐density reliable memory array...

The development of high mobility emissive organic semiconductors is significant for advancing optoelectronic devices with simplified architecture and enhanced performance. The herringbone‐packed structure is regarded as the ideal arrangement for simultaneously achieving high mobility and strong emission in organic semiconductors. However, it remain...

Organic light‐emitting transistors (OLETs) are highly integrated and minimized optoelectronic devices with significant potential superiority in smart displays and optical communications. To realize these various applications, it is urgently needed for color‐tunable emission in OLETs, but remains a great challenge as a result of the difficulty for d...

Organic doping has become an effective method to improve the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. However, the understanding of organic doping mechanism is limited by the difficulty in obtaining highly ordered molecular packing structure. Herein, a new donor‐acceptor type triphenylamine‐acetylene‐based isoindigo derivative, (E)‐6,6′‐bis((...

Organic light‐emitting transistors (OLETs) are highly integrated and minimized optoelectronic devices with significant potential superiority in smart displays and optical communications. To realize these various applications, it is urgently needed for color‐tunable emission in OLETs, but remains a great challenge as a result of the difficulty for d...

Next generation display and lighting technology calls for thinner, cheaper and more-flexible unit devices. Polymer light emitting transistor (PLET), which integrates logic function of organic field effect transistor (OFET), luminescence function of organic light emitting diode (OLED), and potential mechanical properties, is believed to be the raisi...

Organic electronics aims to simplify the construction of high-performance basic logic circuits for various applications. Ambipolar organic semiconductors, particularly ambipolar conjugated polymers, offer distinct advantages of easy solution-printing-based fabrication and low-cost development of large-area organic circuits. However, the narrow band...

Organic semiconductor molecule is a highly promising material system for next‐generation photodetectors due to its tunable absorption, inherent flexibility, and solution and low‐temperature processibility. However, developing organic semiconductor materials for visible‐blind ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors with broad spectral response remains a big...

The development of high mobility emissive organic semiconductors is of great significance for the fabrication of miniaturized optoelectronic devices, such as organic light emitting transistors. However, great challenge exists in designing key materials, especially those who integrates triplet exciton utilization ability. Herein, dinaphthylanthracen...

The development of high mobility emissive organic semiconductors is of great significance for the fabrication of miniaturized optoelectronic devices, such as organic light emitting transistors. However, great challenge exists in designing key materials, especially those who integrates triplet exciton utilization ability. Herein, dinaphthylanthracen...

Cholesterol in the central nervous system has been increasingly found to be closely related to neurodegenerative diseases. Defects in cholesterol metabolism can cause structural and functional disorders of the central nervous system. The detection of abnormal cholesterol is of great significance for the cognition of physiological and pathological s...

Organic single crystals (OSCs) offer a unique combination of both individual and collective properties of the employed molecules, but it remains highly challenging to achieve OSCs with both high mobilities and strong fluorescence emissions for their potential applications in multifunctional optoelectronics. Herein, we demonstrate the design and syn...

Integrating high charge‐carrier mobility and low‐threshold lasing action in an organic semiconductor is crucial for the realization of an electrically pumped laser, but remains a great challenge. Herein, we present an organic semiconductor, named as 2,7‐di(2‐naphthyl)‐9H‐fluorene (LD‐2), which shows an unexpected high charge‐carrier mobility of 2.7...

Integrating high charge‐carrier mobility and low‐threshold lasing action in an organic semiconductor is crucial for the realization of electrically pumped laser, but remains a great challenge. Herein, we present an organic semiconductor, named as 2,7‐naphthyl‐9H‐fluorene (LD‐2),which shows unexpected high charge‐carrier mobility of 2.7 cm 2 V ‐1 s...

Organic single crystals with excellent optical and electrical properties are critical for the development of organic optoelectronics. Herein, two compounds 9,10-bis([N,N-diphenyl]-4'-phenylethynyl)anthracene (TPA-An) and 9,10-bis([1',3'-diphenyl]-5'-phenylethynyl)anthracene (TBA-An) are synthesized by introducing two different luminescent groups, t...

The development of high mobility organic laser semiconductors with strong emission is of great scientific and technical importance, but challenging. Herein, we present a high mobility organic laser semiconductor, 2,7‐diphenyl‐9H‐fluorene (LD‐1) showing unique crystallization‐enhanced emission guided by elaborately modulating its crystal growth proc...

Purpose : There are great demands for identifying biomarkers of major depressive disorder (MDD), a common mental illness with a prevalence of approximately 6%. Finding potential biomarkers to aid MDD diagnosis is in high demand. Experimental design : In this study, a combination of pretreatment methods named salt-out assisted liquid-liquid extract...

A high mobility organic lasing semiconductor of 2,7-diphenyl-9H-fluorene (LD-1) with crystallization-enhanced emission is demonstrated. The light emitting transistor based on an individual LD-1 nanowire crystal gives typical electrically induced emission. This work provides a new concept for developing superior organic lasering semiconductors to ad...

Conjugated polymers with well-balanced ambipolar charge transport is essential for organic circuits at low cost and large area with simplified fabrication techniques. Aiming at this point, herein, a novel asymmetric thiophene/pyridine-flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymer (PPyTDPP-2FBT) is designed and synthesized. Due to the effect of incor...

Electrically conductive coordination polymers (generally known as metal-organic frameworks, MOFs) are a class of crystalline hybrid materials produced by the reasonable self-assembly of metal nodes and organic linkers. The unique and intriguing combination of inorganic and organic components endows coordination polymers with superior optical and el...

Diagnosis of ovarian cancer is difficult due to the lack of clinical symptoms and effective screening algorithms. In this study, we aim to develop models for ovarian cancer diagnosis by detecting metabolites in urine and plasma samples. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) in p...

Conjugated polymer materials with good photoelectric performance, solution processing ability and flexibility are widely used as active layers in optoelectronic devices. Here, using Stille and Suzuki coupling reactions, we designed and synthesized two new conjugated polymers, poly(1,2-bis(2,5-bis(iso-octyloxy)phenylenevinylene-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol...

Heterogeneous structures in nacre‐mimetic 2D layered materials generate novel transport phenomena in angstrom range, and thus provide new possibilities for innovative applications for sustainable energy, a clean environment, and human healthcare. In the two orthogonal transport directions, either vertical or horizontal, heterostructures in horizont...

High mobility emissive organic semiconductors are the important core materials for the realization of organic light-emitting transistors(OLETs). However, it remains a long-standing challenge for developing high mobility emissive organic semiconductors because of the different molecular design requirements as well as their molecular packing in solid...

Herein, the design and synthesis of two novel poly(phenylene vinylene)-derivated semiconductors, poly(benzopyrrolone-p-phenylene-vinylene) (PBPPV) and poly(benzopyrrolone-di-p-phenylene-vinylene) (diPBPPV) for emissive organic materials integrating ambipolar electrical property are presented. Serving as electron-deficient and π-extending units in P...

Here, we design and synthesize an organic laser molecule, 2,7-diphenyl-9H-fluorene (LD-1), which has the state-of-the-art integrated optoelectronic properties with high mobility of 0.25 cm2 V-1 s-1, high photoluminescence quantum yield of 60.3 % and superior deep-blue laser characteristics (low threshold of Pth = 71 uJ cm-2 and Pth = 53 uJ cm-2 and...

Organic photodetectors with UV‐sensitivity are of great potential for various optoelectronic applications. Integration of high charge carrier mobility, long exciton diffusion length as well as unique UV‐sensitivity for active materials is crucial for construction of UV‐sensitive devices with high performance, however, very few organic semiconductor...

In this article, an acid-responsive luminescent material, 1,4-di(quinoline-6-yl)buta-1,3-diyne (DQBD) is designed and synthesized. Upon different pH values, gradual changes of fluorescence colors for DQBD in both solution and solid phases are demonstrated due to the protonation effect. Moreover, such responsive characteristics can also be reversibl...

Daodi medicinal material (DMM), which is traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for long periods and have gained credibility in clinical practice, is part of the Chinese culture. However, Zhongning Goji berries (ZNG), a DMM, are illegally adulterated in the market by adding non Zhongning goji berries (NZNG). Consequently, the develo...

The growth condition and age of Panax ginseng are vital for determining the quality of the ginseng plant. However, the considerable difference in price according to the cultivation method and period of P.ginseng leads to its adulteration in the trade market. We herein focused on ginseng peptides and the possibility of these peptides to be used as b...

Conjugated polymer (CP) films with high molecular orders are attractive in polymeric optoelectronics, but challenging. Herein, we adopt a facile strategy including synergetic polymerization and self-assembly for crystalline CP films at a dynamic air/water interface. With poly(2,5-dihexyloxy-1,4-phenylenebutadiynylene) (poly-DHO-PBD) as one case sho...

An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS)-based peptidomics approach was developed for evaluating the similarities and differences between peptides in different morphological regions of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer root. A total of 62 high-confidence peptides were characterized through database search, an...

The unique feature of nacre‐like 2D layered materials provides a facile, yet highly efficient way to modulate the transmembrane ion transport from two orthogonal transport directions, either vertical or horizontal. Recently, light‐driven active transport of ionic species in synthetic nanofluidic systems attracts broad research interest. Herein, tak...

2D‐material‐based membranes with densely packed sub‐nanometer‐height fluidic channels show exceptional transport properties, and have attracted broad research interest for energy‐, environment‐, and healthcare‐related applications. Recently, light‐controlled active transport of ionic species in abiotic materials have received renewed attention. How...

For many years, organoboron compounds have been expected to show excellent electron injecting and transporting properties. However, LUMO energy levels (ELUMO) of B-containing π-conjugated molecules are mostly higher than −4.0 eV and their electron mobilities are usually less than 10−2 cm2 V–1 s–1. In this work, we experimentally prove the remarkabl...

Background Peptides have diverse and important physiological roles in plants and are ideal markers for species identification. It is unclear whether there are specific peptides in Panax quinquefolius L. (PQ). The aims of this study were to identify Quinetides, a series of diverse posttranslational modified native peptides of the ribonuclease-like s...

Caffeoylquinic acid and its derivatives are important groups of natural plant phenols with antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. In this study, a salt‐containing aqueous system consisting of ethanol/ammonium sulfate/water 32:21:47 wt% was used to enrich these polar phenols from crude Kuding tea extract. In a one‐step extraction, the yields of...

Simultaneously modulating optical and electrical properties of organic semiconductors is crucial for advancing their desired applications in integrated optoelectronic devices. Here, we realize a goal of optimizing light emission and field-effect property of an anthracene derivative, 1,4-di(anthracen-9-yl)buta-1,3-diyne (DABD) by tuning its crystal...

Measurement of peptides such as oxytocin in plasma is a critical challenge in clinical research because of their extreme low concentrations as well as the tremendous interferencing substances co-presented in plasma. In this study, we developed an efficient salt-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) to treat plasma, and then analyzed the sam...

When characterizing components from ginseng, we found a vast number of multicharged anions presented in the liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) chromatograms. The source of these anions is unclear yet, while ginsenosides, the major components of ginseng, are the main suspected type of molecules because of their sugar moiety. Our investi...

Organic phototransistors based on high-quality 2,8-dichloro-5,11-dihexyl-indolo[3,2-b]carbazo (CHICZ) single crystals show the highest photoresponsivity of 3×10³ A W⁻¹, photosensitivity of 2×10⁴ and the detectivity can achieve 8.4×10¹⁴ Jones. We also discovered good linear dependence of log(photosensitivity) versus the wavelength when the devices w...

Molecular engineering of tetraazapentacene with different numbers of fluorine and chlorine substituents fine‐tunes the frontier molecular orbitals, molecular vibrations, and π–π stacking for n‐type organic semiconductors. Among the six halogenated tetraazapentacenes studied herein, the tetrachloro derivative (4Cl‐TAP) in solution‐processed thin‐fil...

A new compound, 2-(2,2-diphenylethenyl) anthracene (DPEA), was designed and synthesized, showing a hole carrier mobility of 0.66 cm2 V-1s-1 and typical aggregated induced emission (AIE) behaviour with an enhanced ratio of 15 times, which is among the best performance of recently reported semiconducting AIE materials. This work not only enriches the...

Rationale: The matrix plays an essential role in defining detection limits and ionization yields of analytes in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analysis. Small molecule MALDI-MS analyses commonly suffer from the high background interference generated from matrices. Moreover, the inhomogeneous crystallizatio...

Barrigenol-like triterpenoids containing angeloyl residues in their structures are unusual natural products. To discover the chemical constituents responsible for the antitumor activity of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, the present study was carried out using the husk of this crop. Ten angeloyl barrigenol triterpenoids, including seven new (1-7) and...

The present study was designed to isolate the polyphenol constituents of cultured cells of Saussurea involucrata. The polyphenol type constituents were isolated using chromatography methods, and then characterized by spectral analysis. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-Diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-e...

Ambroxol hydrochloride resinates were prepared by the bath method using a strongly acidic cation-exchange resin as the carrier. The drug resinates were characterized by XRD and FT-IR. The effects of the reaction temperature and particle size of the ion exchange resin on the process of ion exchange was investigated. Also, the kinetics and thermodyna...

Hydrophilic organic/salt-containing aqueous two-phase system composing of ethanol, water and ammonium sulfate for separation polar compounds was investigated on multilayer coil associated with J-type HSCCC devices. Compared to the classical polar solvent system based on 1-butanol-water or PEG1000-ammonium sulfate-water, the water content of upper p...

Intense green upconversion (UC) emission has been obtained from Er–Yb–Mo tridoped ZrO2. The effect of different doping agents on the crystalline structure of the materials was investigated by XRD. Phase transformation from monoclinic to tetragonal ZrO2 occurred due to doping an appropriate amount of oversized trivalent cations and generating oxygen...

Realgar is a poorly water-soluble compound that exhibits poor bioavailability. To improve this, the authors reduced the particle size of realgar to nanoscale by high-energy ball milling and optimized the preparation process under which (realgar weight 40 g, milling time 9 hours, milling speed 38 Hz, milling temperature −20°C) realgar nanoparticles...

We presents a high-capacity three-party quantum secret sharing (QSS) protocol with a sequence of photon pairs in hyperentangled Bell states in both the polarization and the spatial-mode degrees of freedom. In our scheme, the boss Alice prepares a sequence of photon pairs in hyperentangled Bell states and divides them into two photon sequences which...

Imperatorin (IMP) is a major constituent of many herbal medicines and possesses anti-osteoporosis activity. The present research work aimed to study the biotransformation processes of IMP and evaluated the anti-osteoporosis activity of the transformed metabolites. Among 18 strains of filamentous fungi screened, Penicillium janthinellum AS 3.510 exh...

The biotransformation of osthole (1) by Alternaria longipes was carried out, and five transformed products were obtained in the present research work. Based on their extensive spectral data, the structures of these metabolites were characterized as 4'-hydroxyl-osthole (2), 4'-hydroxyl-2',3'-dihydroosthole (3), 2',3'-dihydroxylosthole (4), osthole-4...

The biotransformation of isoimperatorin (1) by Cunninghamella blakesleana AS 3.970 yielded 6 novel products, 14-hydroxyl-isoimperatorin (2), 11-carbonyl-14-hydroxyl isoimperatorin (3), 11-carbonyl-14-hydroxyl-12,13-dihydrogen-iso-imperatorin (4), 14-hydroxyl-12,13-dihydrogenisoimperatorin (5), isoimperatorin-14-O-β-d-mannoside (6) and isoimperatori...

The metabolites and pharmacokinetics of ganoderic acid C2 (GAC2), a bioactive triterpenoid in Ganoderma lucidum in rat plasma were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Totally, ten minor phase I metabolites of GAC2 were characterized after oral adminis...

In this paper, the microbial transformation of desacetylcinobufagin (1) by Fusarium avenaceum AS 3.4594 was investigated, and four metabolites were isolated and characterized as 3-keton-desacetylcinobufagin (2), 3-epi-desacetylcinobufagin (3), bufadienolide A (4), and 15β,16α-dihydroxyl-17βH-bufalin (5), respectively. Among them, 4 and 5 are new co...

Two new phenolic acids, 1, 5-O-dicaffeoyl-3-O-(4-maloyl)-quinic acid (1) and 3, 5-di-O-caffeoyl-1-O-(2-O-caffeoyl-4-maloyl)-quinic acid (2), were isolated from cultured cells of Saussurea involucrata. Their structures were elucidated using 2D NMR spectroscopy and MS. Further in vitro bioactive investigations demonstrated that 3, 5-di-O-caffeoyl-1-O...

We propose an entanglement concentration protocol (ECP) for nonlocal N-electron systems in a partially entangled W state, resorting to ancillary single electrons and charge detection. Compared with other ECPs for W states, our ECP has some advantages. Firstly, only an entangled N-electron system is required in each round of entanglement concentrati...

We present a high-capacity quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol with single photons in both the polarization and the spatial-mode degrees of freedom. With a single photon traveling forth and back from the receiver to the sender, it can carry 2 bits of information as the sender can encode his message on both the polarization states an...

High-speed counter-current chromatography using a new liquid-liquid/solid three-phase system was used for the separation of the polyphenols corilagin and geraniin from a crude extract of Geranium wilfordii Maxim in one step. The optimized three-phase system was composed of n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/acetic acid/water and to which was added 10-...

A simple and efficient approach was presented to enhance up-conversion emissions significantly for the Er:Al2O3 nanocrystals by Mo support (Er-Mo:Al2O3) with a 976 nm laser diode excitation. Mo support had evident effects on the phase structure and up-conversion emissions for the Er:Al2O3 nanocrystals, which promoted the θ-(Al,Er)2O3 transformed to...

Based on the comprehensively analysis of the security threats to the Web applications, the Cold Fusion-based Web Application Firewall is presented, and it's implemented with CFML. The test results show that the firewall can effectively block various malicious attacks against the application layer, such as SQL injection, XSS, etc., and protect the C...

Based on the research of layered semantic cognition, a new method of malicious code detection is proposed. With the ability of anti-aliasing, it can quickly identify the malicious code in the unknown program. Obtaining behavioral data via virtualizing the capture environment, implementing the hierarchical cognitive through abstracting layer by laye...

OEP (Original Entry Point) search is the first and foremost step in unpacking. At present, it lacks generic and automated OEP search method for numerous types of packers. This paper discusses general methods of OEP search and proposes an OEP search method based on API-monitoring. Then the paper presents a generic OEP search strategy based on the co...

Based on the analysis of the structure and elements of Contiki embedded real-time operating system, this paper presents the experience with implementing the transplantation of Contiki to the CC2430-based and low-power RIEST2430 platform. Lastly, we test the function of the porting modules. The test results show that all modules work correctly.

A novel method to detect botnet based on network coordination is proposed. This paper constructs a coordinative detection model of botnet, by utilizing hybrid network structure and analyzing information of a large number of detection nodes. First, detect abnormal attack behavior of nodes. Then define the set of nodes with similar behavior and build...

Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) was used as the template to prepare zirconium hydroxide nanoparticles. The resulted Zr-CMC was composed of about 29.4wt% CMC and amorphous zirconium hydroxide. Zirconium hydroxide nanoparticles in size of 20–50nm were encapsulated by CMC, which could improve the stability of zirconium hydroxide in water. Trichos...

The hydrolysable tannins corilagin and geraniin, the major active components of the traditional Chinese medicine Geranium wilfordii Maxim, have been separated and purified from crude extracts in one step by adsorption chromatography on cross-linked 12% agarose gel (Superose 12 10/300 GL). The separation was achieved by gradient elution using mobile...

Two novel lavandulyl flavonoids, (2S)-7-methoxyl-4",5"-dihydroxynorkurarinone (1) and (2S)-6"-hydroxynorkurarinone-7-O-beta-D-galactoside (2), were isolated from the rhizome of Sophora flavescens. Their structures were elucidated by spectral methods, including 2D NMR spectroscopy. Both compounds showed cytotoxic activity against Hela cells, with 2...

Three hydrolyzable tannins, geraniin, corilagin and gallic acid, main active components of Geranium wilfordii Maxim, have been separated and purified in one-step by both reversed-phase and normal-phase high-speed counter-current chromatography. Gallic acid, corilagin and geraniin were purified from 70% aqueous acetone extract of G. wilfordii Maxim...

Five small molecular isomers, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,6-, 3,4-, and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, were successfully separated in one step with solvent system n-hexane—ethyl acetate—methanol—water (1:5:1.5:5) on high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). A new method, dual-rotation elution, was successfully used to decrease separation time and increase r...

A new lavandulyl flavonoid was isolated from the rhizome of Sorphora flavescens. The structure of new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectral methods including 2D NMR. And it showed potent cytotoxic activity against Hela cells with IC50 of 1.1μmol/L.

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have played increasingly important role in antivirus detection. At present, some principal artificial intelligence techniques applied in antivirus detection are proposed, including heuristic technique, data mining, agent technique, artificial immune, and artificial neural network. It believes that it will imp...