Damien J. Williams

University of Strathclyde · School of Psychological Sciences and Health

Reports an error in "A new measure of feeling safe: Developing psychometric properties of the Neuroception of Psychological Safety Scale (NPSS)" by Liza Morton, Nicola Cogan, Jacek Kolacz, Calum Calderwood, Marek Nikolic, Thomas Bacon, Emily Pathe, Damien Williams and Stephen W. Porges (Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy,...

Objective: Psychological safety is increasingly recognized as central to mental health, wellbeing and posttraumatic growth. To date, there is no psychometrically supported measure of psychological safety combining psychological, physiological and social components. The current research aimed to develop and establish the neuroception of psychologic...

Objective: Psychological safety is increasingly recognised as central to mental health, wellbeing and post-traumatic growth. To date, there is no psychometrically supported measure of psychological safety combining psychological, physiological and social components. The current research aimed to develop and establish the neuroception of psychologic...

The urgency to reduce knife carrying has been recognised by police services within Scotland and has been addressed by initiatives such as the sharing of knife seizure images on media outlets. This study sought to explore young peoples’ views on the use of knife seizure images as a deterrent to carrying knives by using comparative individual intervi...

Objective: The Mentors in Violence Prevention (MVP) program originated in the United States and adopts a bystander approach to gender-based violence prevention by harnessing group processes using a peer-learning model. This paper presents the first qualitative evaluation, within a European context, of a pilot application of MVP within a Scottish hi...

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To examine the effectiveness of community-based social development interventions in the prevention of community violence among young people aged 12 to 18 years.

Objectives To explore the views of Scottish offenders on the impact of alcohol on their experience of offending and their lives in general. Furthermore, to explore their views on the concept of remote alcohol monitoring (RAM) as a way to address alcohol misuse upon liberation from prison. MethodsA convenience sample of 12 serving offenders particip...

Objective: Violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among young people. Primary preventive programs aimed at reducing the involvement of young people in violence are often implemented in a school setting. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of universal school-based programs aimed at the primary prevention of violence i...

Youth violence poses a significant public health issue due to its health antecedents (e.g. health inequalities, mental health issues, alcohol misuse) and consequences (i.e. physical and psychological morbidity, and mortality). While violence and its desistance have traditionally been the purview of the criminal justice system, the importance of a p...

Numerous risks have been identified to and from the design process. The most prominent approach to address design shortcomings is user-centred design (UCD); however, current implementations of UCD tend to overemphasise differences between users which make it less acceptable as a viable approach to the process of design and the goal of risk manageme...

Available free until 22nd Jan 2015 from: http://authors.elsevier.com/a/1Q89R7bKBW2jo The paper provides a review of some of the thoughts, ideas, and opinions that pervade the public health literature concerning how to classify or conceptualise violence. It is argued that violence transcends classic distinctions between communicable and non-communi...

Background Interpersonal violence among young men is a major public health problem in Scotland, UK. Treatment for violent injury might represent a teachable moment to provide a brief intervention for reducing violence. To inform development of such an intervention, a review was undertaken to examine existing models of brief intervention, and to ass...

Background The prevalence of sexual assault and harassment at universities is unclear because of under-reporting. Furthermore, student perceptions of vulnerability to sexual assault and how these relate to alcohol consumption are unknown. The present study assesses the prevalence of sexual assault and harassment in a student sample, and how this re...

Introduction Transdermal alcohol monitoring anklets continuously measure unmetabolized alcohol secreted in sweat. This study explored the drinking behavior of female students, their experiences of wearing an anklet, and the potential impact of different forms of feedback on their drinking behavior. Methods A mixed methods design was used. Fifty-six...

Background Violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst young people. Primary prevention programmes aim to reduce the risk of involvement in violence and are often implemented in a school setting. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of universal school-based programmes aimed at the primary prevention of violence in...

Background/Purpose: Bystander interventions can successfully reduce the number and severity of episodes of interpersonal violence (IV) including domestic abuse. It is axiomatic that the effectiveness of such interventions will vary according to social norms and other contextual factors. This study explored the circumstances under which people will...

Background/purpose The true level of sexual assault and harassment in university campuses is unknown due largely to chronic underreporting. This is particularly true­ of “lower-level” sexual harassment, which is rarely recorded but may have lasting consequences for those involved and the normative landscape of the institution. Furthermore, student...

Background. Medics Against Violence (MAV) is a primary prevention programme delivered voluntarily by healthcare professionals to high-school pupils during a single session. MAV adopts an educational approach which aims to change attitudes towards violence in order to reduce perpetration and victimisation of violence. Methods. A mixed-methods approa...

The link between sport and violence is widely acknowledged. While the focus has been on ―player violence‖ and ―crowd violence‖ it is recognised that a variety of other incidents of sports-related violence exist, including domestic violence. Empirical and anecdotal evidence point toward increased rates of domestic violence among male athletes. Moreo...

Youth gang-related violence is a public health concern in Glasgow. The Community Initiative to Reduce Violence aims to address violence and weapon carriage among gang-related youths in a deprived area of Glasgow. It offers access to diversionary activity, personal development, and employment preparedness in exchange for adherence to a "no violence,...

Introduction Transdermal alcohol monitoring anklets continuously measure unmetabolized alcohol secreted in sweat. This study explored the drinking behaviour of female students, their experiences of wearing an anklet, and the potential impact of different forms of feedback on drinking behaviour. Methods A mixed methods design was used. Fifty-six f...

Provision of a Violence Brief Intervention (VBI) to young men undergoing treatment for a violent injury may represent a teachable moment for the prevention of future interpersonal violence in Scotland. Prior to intervention design, a rapid review of the research literature was necessary to examine existing programmes. After title and abstract scree...

Domestic violence (DV) including intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment (CM) poses a considerable public health problem. It is evident that DV is associated with a host of health and behavioural consequences, and maltreated children face a significant lifelong burden. Furthermore, the cycle of violence hypothesis, while dismissed by...

Background Violence is a significant cause of death and disability in Scottish young people and disproportionately affects men from the most socio-economically deprived areas. Medics Against Violence (MAV) is a primary prevention programme delivered by Scottish healthcare professionals to high-school pupils. Through an educational approach, MAV a...

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To examine the effectiveness of community-based social development interventions in the prevention of community violence among young people aged 12 to 18 years.

Individuals with ADHD are more likely to commit crimes, be arrested, receive a prison sentence, and continue to undertake anti-social behaviour while in prison. This study explored the prevalence of ADHD symptoms using the DSM-IV checklist of symptoms and the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale, and their relationship with criminal convictions and bre...

Background University students in Scotland have a reputation for excessive alcohol consumption. However, traditional estimates of student drinking behaviour have been limited. This study was designed to accurately record alcohol consumption and its consequences for students attending a Scottish university. Methods The study used a cross-sectional d...

http://sgo.sagepub.com/content/3/3/2158244013504207.full.pdf+html Media reports have suggested that the number of reports of domestic violence may increase when Scotland’s two largest, Glasgow-based football (soccer) clubs, Rangers and Celtic (traditionally referred to as the “Old Firm”) play one another. This study considers the number of domesti...

By European standards Scotland is a violent country with a disproportionate number of its homicides occurring in Glasgow. In addition to its devastating health and social impact, homicide imposes a considerable financial burden. The extent of the cost has been based on 2003 estimates for England and Wales. This study aimed to test a method for deve...

To examine the impact of continuous transdermal alcohol monitoring upon alcohol consumption in male students at a Scottish university. Using a within-subject mixed-methods design, 60 male university students were randomly allocated into three experimental conditions using AUDIT score stratified sampling. Participants in Conditions A and B were aske...

Background: Medical television programs are popular among medical students. It is believed that these programs contribute to the hidden medical curriculum, which can influence the beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions of bioethical issues. However, the context of such programs is also an important consideration as they often portray health care conte...

Background Scotland needs to tackle its drinking problem. Excessive alcohol consumption places a significant burden on Scottish society (Scottish Government, 2010): alcohol-related deaths have risen over 100% since 1990 (Scottish Government, 2009) and 45% of prisoners admitted to being drunk at the time of their offence (SPS, 2007). Recently, the u...

Glasgow has a longstanding problem with violence, which is a significant cause of death and disability in young people (Leyland, 2006). As the majority of young peoples' social learning takes place at school, schools are ideally placed to implement primary prevention programmes (Wolfe & Jaffe, 1999). However, schools frequently implement youth viol...

To explore the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity) and violent and non-violent prison breaches of discipline in incarcerated male youths aged 18-21 years. A case-control study of 169 male youth offenders incarcerated in Scottish prisons and classified as 'symptom...

Introduction Compared to the rest of the UK, Scotland faces elevated levels of interpersonal violence. A large proportion of the violence is focused in Glasgow, which has acquired the label, Murder Capital of Western Europe. While violence is a leading burden on health, it also has a considerable financial impact. Until now, the cost of violence wa...

Introduction Prisoner mental health is an increasingly important health concern. An often neglected condition among youth prisoners is ADHD, which not only has implications for general health and well-being, but is also associated with an increased risk of anti-social and unlawful behaviour (including violent offences). The paper reports a study th...

Naturalness in human-computer interaction (HCI) facilitates both user motivation and creativity when interacting with software. However, it is argued that the implementation of a variety of hardware devices that embrace the user's natural behavior will help achieve an intuitive environment that supports natural interaction. To identify the potentia...

FEATURE AT A GLANCE: The earliest stage of the design process, known as conceptual design, is crucial to the overall effectiveness of the end product. Of particular importance is the search of the design space for ideas and concepts, which is restricted because of limitations in designers’ information-processing capabilities. One way to overcome th...

The ability to solve problems is an important aspect of everyday activities. Studying individuals with different levels of experience solve a well-defined problem will aid our understanding of everyday problem solving. The study reported considers the way in which the level of experience and different modes of presentation of the Tower of Hanoi puz...

Perceptions of risk are an inherent part of the decision-making process. What is more, risk perception can be understood as an individual's assessment of risk, and the adequacy of any risk assessment is reliant on the adequacy of the accessible risk information. Consequently, one way to understand the effect of risk perception on decision-making, a...