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Introduction
Publications
Publications (35)
Des chercheurs de l’Observatoire Hommes-Milieux Vallée du Rhône (CNRS-INEE) ont travaillé en 2017-2018 sur la bancarisation et la visualisation de ressources biophysiques historiques sur le fleuve Rhône. Ce projet interdisciplinaire, associant des géographes et des écologues, a consisté à prospecter des services d’archives encore peu explorés afin...
The Usumacinta River flows freely for more than 1,000 km, originating in the Guatemalan mountains and draining into the Gulf of Mexico. Through the Usumacinta Sediment Observatory, initiated by the French-Mexican interdisciplinary project Val-Uses (CONACYT-ANR), we defined a sediment monitoring system in the Usumacinta basin, Mexico. We adopted a s...
Space and time analyses of channel changes, especially within large rivers
subject to high levels of human impact, are critical to address multiple
questions about rivers in the Anthropocene era. The reconstruction of
long-term (> 150 year) evolutionary trajectories permits an
understanding of how natural and anthropogenic factors impact
hydromorph...
Space and time analyses of channel changes, especially within large rivers subject to high levels of human impact, are critical to address multiple questions about rivers in the Anthropocene era. The reconstruction of long-term (> 150 year) evolutionary trajectories permits an understanding of how natural and anthropogenic factors impact hydromorph...
The LabEx DRIIHM is a research network that gathers together 13 Human-Environment Observatories (OHM) focused on anthropogenically modified socio-ecosystems in France and worldwide. Within the open science context, a Research Data Infrastructure (RDI) was implemented brick by brick to describe, visualize, and disseminate multidisciplinary long-tail...
Developing online services for data access, visualization and analysis are an essential component of current research in environmental science, especially to promote interdisciplinary research and to transfer scientific knowledge to decision makers. Such approach has been adopted in the “Rhône Valley” Human-Environment Observatory, a scientific pla...
RESUME. L’Observatoire Hommes-Milieux (OHM) Vallée du Rhône appréhende les dynamiques de l’hydrosystème et des sociétés riveraines sur l’ensemble du Rhône français. Depuis sa création en 2010, la mutualisation et la valorisation des données produites ont été structurées dans une Infrastructure de Données Spatio-temporelles (IDS), ce qui a renforcé...
RESUME. L’Observatoire Hommes-Milieux (OHM) Vallée du Rhône appréhende les dynamiques de l’hydrosystème et des sociétés riveraines sur l’ensemble du Rhône français. Depuis sa création en 2010, la mutualisation et la valorisation des données produites ont été structurées dans une Infrastructure de Données Spatio-temporelles (IDS), ce qui a renforcé...
River restoration efforts require interdisciplinary approaches involving fluvial geomorphology, hydraulic engineering, ecology, sedimentology, chemistry, social geography, and sociology. We investigated the functioning of artificial structures called “Casiers Girardon” (groyne fields) in the Rhône River. We assessed potential benefits and risks lin...
Landscape composition is known to influence how natural scenes are perceived and valuated. Updating the traditional methodologies in this field might produce new insights. We used in situ captured data (eye-tracking data acquired with a mobile device) to study the influences of landscape composition on the landscape perceptions and valuations of ci...
Séminaire Bases de Données de l’OHMI Téssékéré
Presentation of the Rhone Sediment Observatory. The program is described and some main results are briefly presented, as well as the tools produced for their dissemination.
The Rhône river is one of the main European alpine rivers (watershed: 98 500 km²; length: 812 km; mean annual discharge at its mouth: 1700 m3 s-1). The fluvial landscape has been engineered for more than 150 years (e.g., dykes, hydroelectric canals) leading to altered aquatic and riparian ecosystems. Today, stakeholders face tension in balancing va...
Data produced by biodiversity research projects that evaluate and monitor Good Environmental Status have a high potential for use by stakeholders involved in [marine] environmental management. The lack of specific scientific objectives, poor organizational logic, and a characteristically disorganized collection of information leads to a decentraliz...
This paper presents the process of building operational tools in the field of water management:
methodological and technical guidebooks for the characterization of groundwater/river interactions.
The first part of the process was based on scientific work. The aim was to develop and refine an
interdisciplinary methodology to assess synthetically gro...
Traquer le regard, Vers une caractérisation des bénéfices sociaux induits par les travaux de restauration écologique en territoire urbain Rapport final Sous la direction de Marylise Cottet (UMR 5600 EVS) Mai 2014
Background/Question/Methods
One of the key environmental factors controlling microbial activity is moisture. With drought frequency and severity likely increasing in the future, understanding its effect on terrestrial carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling has become essential for accurately modeling ecosystem response. This water limitation is part...
Background/Question/Methods
Drought is stressful for soil microorganisms. Reduced water potentials pose a physiological stress, while reduced diffusion limits resource availability at a time when microbes may need resources to pay the costs of surviving stress. Theory and culture studies have suggested that under water stress, microorganisms accu...
Microbes can regulate ecosystem processes by controlling nutrient supply, which also controls decomposition rates and carbon balance. Microbial ecological processes are intimately linked to hydrological processes such as freezing/thawing, often on short timescales (days). We investigated what happens to microbes as soils freeze, and how growing sea...
Identifying microorganisms that are active under specific conditions in ecosystems is a challenge in microbial ecology. Recently, the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) technique was developed to label actively growing cells. BrdU, a thymidine analog, is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA, and the BrdU-labeled DNA is then isolated from total extractable...
Steam soil disinfestation is efficiently used in the field for pre-planting pest control. Providing steam to the soil must have consequences, either beneficial or detrimental for the soil functioning. We set up a laboratory experiment to quantify the soil quality dynamics induced by this agricultural practice. In steamed and control soil, we monito...
At least 1/3 Earth's land experiences regular drought, and climate models suggest this will increase. However, the biological processes occurring during the dry season have only been studied by inference from what happens when the rains return. Important dry soil phenomena remain unexplained, such as the "Birch Effect"--the pulse of respiration on...
At least 1/3 Earth's land experiences regular drought, and climate models suggest this will increase. However, the biological processes occurring during the dry season have only been studied by inference from what happens when the rains return. Important dry soil phenomena remain unexplained, such as the "Birch Effect"--the pulse of respiration on...
A huge amount of carbon is present in deep soil below the bulk rooting zone; concentrations are low but there is a lot of deep soil. That carbon is also typically very old, with average 14C turnover times of thousands of years. This has raised the question: what is the nature of that material that makes it so apparently recalcitrant? Hypotheses hav...
Steam disinfestation is an ecologically less harmful alternative to synthetic chemical fumigants such as methyl bromide, which is being phased out of use due to its ozone-depleting properties. Although previous studies have characterized the effects of steaming on targeted pests, soil microorganisms, including beneficial ones, may be strongly influ...
