Cyril Odianose Usifoh

Cyril Odianose Usifoh
University of Benin · Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry

B.Pharm (Ife); M.Sc (Sussex); Ph.D (Muenster)

About

135
Publications
24,885
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637
Citations
Additional affiliations
January 1993 - January 2016
University of Benin
Position
  • former Head of Department & Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy (2006-2010)
Education
April 1988 - June 1992
University of Münster
Field of study
  • Pharmaceutical Chemistry
October 1984 - September 1985
University of Sussex
Field of study
  • Organometallic Chemistry
October 1979 - June 1983
Obafemi Awolowo University
Field of study
  • Pharmacy

Publications

Publications (135)
Article
Full-text available
Vigna unguiculata seeds are used as food and contain different primary metabolites, however the identification of its secondary metabolites in the semi-polar solvent-dichloromethane could confirm some of its ethno-medicinal claims. The aim of this work was to determine the proximate parameters, phytochemical contents and identify the compounds in t...
Article
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Schiff bases are the nitrogen analogs of ketones or aldehydes, with the carbonyl functional group replaced by an imine or azomethine group. They are formed by the condensation reaction of a primary amine and a carbonyl group, and they are widely employed in industry and have a variety of biological activities. Four Schiff base derivatives were s...
Preprint
Full-text available
Four 2-amino-4,6-diarylpyrimidines were synthesized from their respective 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one (chalcone) precursors. The chalcones were condensed with guanidine carbonate by refluxing in dimethylformamide for 4 hours at 140 ° C to obtained the title compounds: 4,6-Diphenyl-pyrimidin-2-ylamine (PAA 1 ), 4-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-6-phenyl-pyrimidin-...
Article
Full-text available
Nine derivatives of chalcones were successfully synthesized using the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction between different derivatives of benzaldehyde and acetophenone at low temperature in the presence of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and ethanol. The compounds were obtained in high yield. The percentage yield ranges from 90.38-27.68%, with sample...
Article
Full-text available
Medicines can be taken by various routes of administration. These can impact the effects and perceptions of medicines. The literature about individuals' preferences for and perceptions of the different routes of administration is sparse, but indicates a potential influence of culture. Our aim was to determine: (i) any association between one's cult...
Preprint
Full-text available
The concentration of 2-amino-methyl-4, 5-dimethoxybenzoate with acetic anhydride yielded the cyclic compound 2-methyl-4, 5-disubstituted-1, 3-benzo-oxazine-4-one which further produce a novel 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4 ones via the reaction with hydrazine hydrate. The compounds synthesized were unequivocally confirmed by means of Infrared, Nucl...
Article
Full-text available
Vitamin A and its structural analogues belong to the retinoid family of chemicals (usually known as vitamers of Vitamin A). The goal of the review was to assess the different generations of retinoids, their structural analogues, pharmacokinetic properties, and medicinal applications to pave way for future research. This research looked at online jo...
Article
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The genus, Cyathula comprises of about one hundred and six (106) species which are perennial herbs or under-shrubs. Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume which belongs to the Amarantheceae family is commonly known as pasture weed, pigweed and small prickly chaff-flower and found growing in forests, plantations, waste areas and roadsides. Extracts of this p...
Article
Full-text available
The genus, Cyathula comprises of about one hundred and six (106) species which are perennial herbs or under-shrubs. Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume which belongs to the Amarantheceae family is commonly known as pasture weed, pigweed and small prickly chaff-flower and found growing in forests, plantations, waste areas and roadsides. Extracts of this p...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Pharmacists have acknowledged roles as medicine experts facilitating human healthcare, such expertise is also essential in pharmaceutical treatments of animals. In view of current realities with the COVID-19 pandemic, the interplay between human and animal health cannot be overemphasized. This study aimed at assessing the knowledge, att...
Article
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ABSTRACT Environmental hazards pose to fish and other aquatic lives have been associated with 2, 2-dichlorovinyl-dimethyl-phosphate (dichlorvos) toxicity. The aim is to determine the acute and chronic effects of dichlorvos on Clarias gariepinus. Fish samples were inoculated with 4.42, 11.05, 22.10 and 44.20 mg/L for acute studies, also, 2.21 and 3....
Article
Full-text available
ABSTRACT Fish samples (Clarias gariepinus) from five fishery sites in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria were studied. Extraction of the pesticides from the fish was carried out followed by purification in a column conditioned with n-hexane and dichloromethane as mobile phase. The extract was then analyzed with GC-MS. The result displayed that the highest me...
Article
Full-text available
2-(N-Benzyl) amino benzoic acid is a bifunctional molecule that could be produced from the reaction between isatoic anhydride and aryl halide. Analogues and derivatives of isatoic anhydride have wide application in pharmaceuticals including antibacterial activity. The aim of this study is to synthesize, characterize and screen N-benzyl isatoic anhy...
Article
Full-text available
Compounds with piperazine moiety are known to have activity against microbes. The aims of this study were to synthesize, characterize and screen 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-(3-(2-phthalamido)-propyl) piperazine and 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-(3-(2-phthalamido)-butyl) piperazine for antibacterial activity. 1-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-(3-(2-phthalamido)-propyl) piperazine...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Pesticides are applied on cowpeas to reduce the losses incurred to the attack by Callosobruchus maculatus which adversely affect its production and storage. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the mean concentration of heptachlor epoxide, aldrin and endosulfan in randomly collected cowpeas obtained from local markets in SouthWest st...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Chalcones are utilised in the synthesis of heterocyclic molecules with antibacterial activity. This study aims to synthesize, characterise and screen 3, 4, 5-trimethoxy-3', 4'-dimethoxychalcone and 2, 4, 6-trimethoxy-3', 4'-dimethoxychalcone for antibacterial property. Methods: Substituted chalcones were synthesized from condensation re...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Quinazoline and quinazolinone scaffolds represent an important class of biologically active nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. Many marketed drugs are based on these moieties. A diverse range of molecules with quinazoline/quinazolinone moieties have been reported to exhibit broad spectrum of biological activities Objective: This study is...
Article
Chalcones were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation between various substituted acetophenone and benzaldehyde using 20% cold alcoholic KOH as catalyst. Two Schiff bases were synthesized through the condensation reaction of the synthesized chalcones with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine using concentrated H2SO4 as catalyst. The antimicrobial prope...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Organochlorine pesticides used illegally in the storage of cowpeas by some farmers to prevent attack by weevils were known to affect the health of human adversely. Objectives: This study determined the mean concentration of aldrin, o,p΄-DDT, endosulfan, heptachlor epoxide and γ-HCH collected from some markets in South-South of Nigeria,...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Objective: The current study is aimed at the synthesis of these quinazolinone derivatives quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one and evaluate them for their analgesic activity. Method: The condensation of 2-amino-methyl-4-methoxybenzoate with acetic anhydride yielded the cyclic compoun...
Article
Full-text available
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are synthetic chemicals that have an intrinsic resistance to natural degradation processes, and are therefore environmentally persistent. The introduction of POPs into the environment from anthropogenic activities resulted in their widespread dispersal and accumulation in soils and water bodies, as well as in hu...
Preprint
Full-text available
The use of dichlorvos (organometallic pesticide) in public health and agriculture to control pests has led to the accumulation of dichlorvos residues in the aquatic environment. The objective is to establish the potential diagnostic tools (hydrobiological and behavioural parameters) in assessing the lethal and sublethal effects of dichlorvos on fis...
Article
Full-text available
The use of dichlorvos (organometallic pesticide) in public health and agriculture to control pests has led to the accumulation of dichlorvos residues in the aquatic environment. The objective is to establish the potential diagnostic tools (hydrobiological and behavioural parameters) in assessing the lethal and sublethal effects of dichlorvos on fis...
Article
Full-text available
The Ebola virus has spread across several Western Africa countries, adding a significant financial burden to their health systems and economies. In this article the experience with Ebola is reviewed, and economic challenges and policy recommendations are discussed to help curb the impact of other diseases in the future. The West African Ebola virus...
Article
Full-text available
Acalypha wilkesiana var. golden-yellow (Muell & Arg.) is a species and variety used in native medicine for the management or treatment of headache, gastrointestinal disorders, wounds, tumors and skin infections amongst many others. Before now, two compounds namely, 4-ethoxy-4-oxobutanoic acid (ethyl succinate) and 2-ethoxy- 5(hydroxymethyl)-oxalane...
Article
Full-text available
ABSTRACT The widespread distribution of counterfeit artemisinin antimalerials is becoming a serious public health problem in Africa and South-East Asia. Based on this two spectrophotometric methods are developed for the quantification of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and artesunate (ART). In the methods, excess bromine generated in the solution by the a...
Article
Full-text available
Medicinal plants are employed in traditional medicine for diverse uses such as in the treatment or management of disease conditions like malaria, diabetes, sickle-cell anaemia, tumors, inflammations, cardiac troubles, mental disorders and especially microbial infections. There is an ever growing need to subject these ethnomedicinal uses to scientif...
Article
Full-text available
A sensitive, simple and reproducible spectrophotometric method is developed for the determination of Artesunate in pure and pharmaceutical formulation. The method is based on the conversion of artesunate to Dihydroartemisinin (a lactol) by acid hydrolysis and the subsequent reaction of the Dihydroatemisinin with Vanillin, a carbonyl compound, to fo...
Article
Full-text available
A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is developed for the determination of Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and Artesunate (ARTS) in bulk and tablet formulations. The method is based on the reaction of the proposed drugs with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in alcoholic medium leading to the opening of the lactone ring and the final interaction of...
Article
Full-text available
Two titrimetric and one sensitive spectrophotometric methods are developed for the determination of Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in bulk and in tablets formulations. Titrimetric method A is based on the generation of hydrogen peroxide from DHA in acid medium in situ; which is titrated against cerium ammonium sulphhate to a ferroin sky blue end point. T...
Article
A sensitive, simple and reproducible spectrophotometric method is developed for the determination of Artesunate in pure and pharmaceutical formulation. The method is based on the conversion of artesunate to Dihydroartemisinin (a lactol) by acid hydrolysis and the subsequent reaction of the Dihydroatemisinin with Vanillin, a carbonyl compound, to fo...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose: To synthesize and characterize palmitoyl amino benzamides, and to evaluate them for possible anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities.Methods: Palmitoyl amino benzamides were synthesized by the opening of isatoic anhydride ring with respective amino acids (glycine, β-alanine and γ-aminobutyric acid) and the condensation of the pro...
Article
Full-text available
ABSTRACT. Background: The discovery of anandamide as the endogenous ligand for the cannabinoid receptors and the isolation of other lipid amides such as palmitoyl ethanolamide created an avenue for further study of the biological activities of these endogenous molecules. Objectives: The modification of the ethanolamine moiety of palmitoyl ethanolam...
Article
Full-text available
Cyathula prostrata is a herbal recipe used in traditional medicine for the treatment of chest troubles, dysentery, diarrhea, craw-craw, scabies, sexual disease, rheumatism, tumours and inflammatory conditions amongst many others. There is not yet any claim on the use of the plant as an antioxidant agent, hence the need for this study. The crude ext...
Article
The synthesis, characterization and anti-bacterial evaluation of two palmitoyl amino acids is reported in this work. The reported antimicrobial activity of some fatty acid derivatives encouraged the investigation of the possible influence of an aromatic group substituent on a saturated fatty acid residue. The compounds were synthesized by the conde...
Article
Spigelia anthelmia is used traditionally in Southern Nigeria for the treatment of infant convulsion and epilepsy. This study investigated the phytochemical constituents, proximate analysis and anticonvulsant effect of the methanolic extract of Spigelia anthelmia. Phytochemical evaluation and proximate analysis was carried out using standard procedu...
Article
Full-text available
Cyathula prostrata is a herbal recipe used in traditional medicine for the treatment of chest troubles, dysentery, diarrhea, craw-craw, scabies, sexual disease, rheumatism, tumours and inflammatiory conditions amongst many others. To date, there is yet any claims on the use of the plant as an anti-oxidant agent, hence this need for this study. The...
Article
A new, simple, sensitive and economical spectrophotometric method for the determination of paracetamol has been developed. The proposed method is based on the reaction of 2, 4, 6-trimethoxybenzaldehyde with hydrolyzed paracetamol (p- aminophenol) to yield a pinkish coloured product with a maximum absorption at 377 nm. There were no interferences ob...
Article
Substandard pharmaceutical products have a deleterious effect on health care delivery at all levels. The manufacturers of health products, the medical practitioners and the patients are all affected by substandard medicines but the patient is the worst hit. Methyldopa is an important anti-hypertensive agent used in the management of hypertension. T...
Article
Full-text available
Cyathula prostrata is an herbal recipe used in traditional medicine for the treatment of chest troubles, dysentery, diarrhea, craw-craw, scabies, rheumatism, inflammations and tumours amongst many others. Silica gel column chromatography of the ethyl acetate fraction gave two oils, designated as compounds 1 [upper oil, R f (0.72), *α+ 20 D (inactiv...
Article
Full-text available
The aqueous extract of the dried root was investigated to determine its total yield, phytochemical constituents, acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activities in groups of Wistar rats. The methanol crude extract and the n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and butanol fraction of the stem bark of Nauclea latifolia were investigat...
Article
Full-text available
Cyathula prostrata (Linn.) Blume is used in ethnomedicine in the treatment of skin, chest and gastrointestinal tract infections, sexually transmitted diseases and also in the management of inflammatory troubles. However, its potentials in malaria control at the larval stage are yet to be investigated. Hence, the larvicidal and especially the antimi...
Article
Full-text available
The work evaluated the behavioral and toxicological effects and its consequences on hematological parameters and the phytochemical analysis of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf. Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies were done on Wistar albino mice and rats for 14 days and 28 days respectively. Hematological parameters of the rats were also determined. Durin...
Article
Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev. (Gentianiaceae) a plant of West African origin is used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders traditionally. Phytochemical screening of the plant root material gave positive result for tannins, saponins and carbohydrate; but negative for alkaloids and flavonoids. The ethanol-water (1:1) extract of the root mat...
Article
Heavy post harvest losses are incurred by fish processors and marketers of cured fish products in Nigeria. Consequently, several means of cutting down these losses have been devised. Prominent among the methods is the use of pesticides as "preservatives". Pesticides used in this study were 2,2-dichlorovinyldimethylphosphate (DDVP1000 EC), benzene h...
Article
Full-text available
The synthesis of pyrazoles: 1-(3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2, 4-dimethoxy phenyl) dihydropyrazole was executed by reaction of hydrazine hydrate with chalcones followed by concomitant dehydration and cyclization. The structure of the synthesized compounds were elucidated using infrared, nuclear magnetic 1 13 resonance (H and C), and mass spectromet...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Malaria is the commonest cause of hospital attendance and it is estimated that 50 % of Nigeria's population will have at least one episode of malaria in a year. The country loses N132 billion as a result of treatment and absenteeism from work due to malaria illness. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to document profit margin...
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
Synthetic heterocyclic compounds have been found to possess important biological properties including anticonvulsant effects in man and animals. This study was aimed at highlighting the anticonvulsant properties of two phthalimide derivatives (N-cyclopentylphthalimide and N-benzylphthalimide). N-Cyclopentylphthalimide and N-benzylphthalimide were s...
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
Full-text available
Unlike some African countries that have reported a approximately 50% reduction in malaria deaths in recent years, Nigeria has shown no evidence of a systematic decline in malaria burden. An important and sustainable reduction in malaria burden cannot be achieved unless an effective and inexpensive malaria vaccine becomes available. The goals of thi...
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Article
Carbonylation of o-amino-N-(1,1-dimethylprop-2-ynyl)-benzamide 3 with ethyl chloroformate gave 2-carbethoxyamino-N-(1,1-dimethylprop-2-ynyl)-benzamide 6. Attempted cyclization of 6 under basic conditions did not give the quinazoline 8 but an oxazole 7. When 3 was also refluxed in triethylorthoformate-acetic anhydride mixture, 2-acetylamino-N-(1,1-d...
Article
Conversion of isatoic anhydride to o-amino-N(1,1-disubstituted-propynyl)benzamides 3a-c followed by reflux in ethanolic potassium hydroxide gave 2-(o-aminophenyl)-4,4-disubstituted-5-methylene-4H-oxazoles 4a-c. The treatment of same 3a-c with triphosgene in pyridine with subsequent reflux gave 4a-c and 2-methylene-3,3-disubstituted-oxazolo[2,3-b]qu...
Article
Quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (1) was reacted with 1,4-dibromo-2-methylbut-2-ene (2) to give two dialkylated products and two monoalkylated products. The reaction of 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (8) with 1,4-dibromo-2-methylbut-2-ene (2) resulted in the formation of three dialkylated products.
Article
The effects of the methanol extract (crude) and aqueous fraction of Anthocleista djalonensis on acute inflammation were examined. Oral administration of the methanol extract showed acute anti-inflammatory activity against Carrageenan induced paw edema in rats although not too significantly different (P>0.05) from the control at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg...
Article
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Internet and Social Media Use among http://jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/3678 in a state in Nigeria
Article
3-Carbomethoxypyridine (CMP) was isolated and characterized from the leaves of Pyrenacantha staudtii Hutch and Dalz, family Icacinaceae, in our earlier study and was found to possess an inhibitory activity on the isolated rat uterus. In order to study the structure - activity relationship, derivatives of CMP were obtained synthetically, purified an...
Article
The ring opening of phthalimide derivatives viz N-cyclopentylphthalimide (1a), N-benzylphthalimide (1b), N-prop-2-ynylphthalimide (1c), 1-phthloylamino-3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-piperizin-1-yl]-propane(1d) and 1-phthloylamino-4-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-piperizin-1-yl]-butane (1e) was accomplished using benzylamine in dimethylformamide (DMF) at room temper...
Article
Pyrenacantha staudtii is a medicinal plant used widely in the West African sub-region particularly in Nigeria for the treatment of threatened abortion and dysmenorrhea. This study reports for the first time the chemical isolation and characterization of 3-carbomethoxypyridine from one of the active fractions of the methanolic extract of Pyrenacanth...
Article
Full-text available
Phthalimido alkyl acids 3-phthalimidopropionic acid (2a) and 4-phthalimidobutyric acid (2b) were treated with isopropylamine at room temperature using different solvents (dimethylformamide, dichloromethane and methanol) as the reaction medium and afforded 3-benzamido-propionic acid -2-(2-methylethyl)-carboxamide (3), 2-benzamido-2-methylethane-2-(2...
Article
Some carboxamide derivatives with potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties were synthesized from the reaction of phthalimido alkyl acids with benzylamine at room temperature. All the compounds synthesized were unequivocally confirmed by means of Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H and 13C), Mass spectrophotometer, and elemental ana...
Article
Pyrenacantha staudtii leaf (Icacinaceae) is used ethno - medicinally in Nigeria and some African countries for the prevention of miscarriage (threatened abortion) in pregnant women. The study was therefore aimed at validating the claim by the traditional herbal practitioners. The crude methanolic extract was subjected to isolated rat uterine prepar...
Article
Anticonvulsant effect of the leaf extracts of Emilia sonchifolia is reported for the first time. The ethanol, chloroform and aqueous extracts, especially the aqueous extract, showed marked anticonvulsant effect (ED 50 of 4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg in chicks and mice, respectively). This research finding gives scientific justification to the traditional he...
Article
Full-text available
Pyrenacantha staudtii leaf (Icacinaceae) is a medicinal herb used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of threatened abortion and gastrointestinal disorders. Previous chemical work in our laboratory reported the isolation and characterization of 3- carbomethoxylpyridine from the methanolic extract of this plant. The inhibitory effect of the crude ext...
Article
The synthesis of 1,3-diaryl propen-1-ones (chalcones) by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation between acetophenones and benzaldehydes in potassium hydroxide/methanol medium at room temperature yielded: 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)propen-1-one (3a), 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(3-bromophenyl)propen-1one (3b), 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3-bromophenyl...
Article
Phthaloylimidoalkyl derivatives (1a, 1b) were treated with isopropylamine to give 3-benzamido-1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)]propyl-2-isopropyl carboxamide (3a) and 4-benzamido-1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl-2-isopropyl carboxamide (3b). The compounds were unequivocally characterized by IR, NMR and MS spectra and elemental analys...
Article
Phthalimido alkyl acids 3-phthalimidopropionic acid (2a) and 4-phthalimidobutyric acid (2b) were treated with isopropylamine at room temperature using different solvents (dimethylformamide, dichloromethane and methanol) as the reaction medium and afforded 3-benzamido-propionic acid -2-(2-methylethyl)-carboxamide (3), 2-benzamido-2-methylethane-2-(2...