Cyriaque-Rufin Nguimalet- University of Bangui
Cyriaque-Rufin Nguimalet
- University of Bangui
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30
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Publications (30)
Cet article caractérise les variabilités interannuelles de régimes de crue et d’étiage sur l’Oubangui à Mobaye (403 800 km2) et son affluent le Mbomou à Bangassou, et les fluctuations de leurs ressources en eau. Les Qmini ont enregistré une forte baisse (−23%) ainsi que les Qmaxi (−12%) à Mobaye, alors que les Q extrêmes du Mbomou ont une évolution...
This paper examines the effect of rainfall decline on water resources in each sub-basin (Bozoum: 8100 km2 and Bossangoa: 22,800 km2) and at the outlet of Batangafo (43,650 km2) over the 1951–1995 period, due to a lack of measurements since 1996. Annual, monthly, and daily series of rainfall and discharges were subjected to statistical tests (rainfa...
RÉSUMÉ
Cet article caractérise les variabilités interannuelles de régimes de crue et d’étiage sur l’Oubangui à Mobaye (403 800 km²) et son affluent le Mbomou à Bangassou, et les fluctuations de leurs ressources en eau. Les Qmini ont enregistré une forte baisse (−23%) ainsi que les Qmaxi (−12%) à Mobaye, alors que les Q extrêmes du Mbomou ont une év...
La réduction pluviométrique des années 1970, moins marquée en Afrique centrale qu'en Afrique de l'Ouest, a tout de même largement impacté les régimes hydrologiques des grands cours d'eau de la région. L’étude du comportement hydropluviométrique de la rivière Oubangui à Mobaye a pour avantage d'étudier un bassin hors impact anthropique. Le couvert f...
The rainfall reduction in the 1970s, less marked in Central Africa than in West Africa, still had a major impact on the hydrological regimes of the region's large rivers. The study of the hydropluviometric behavior of the Ubangi River at Mobaye has the advantage of being a study of a basin excluding anthropogenic impact. Forest cover and population...
The unprecedented hydrological drought recorded in the 20 th century in sub‐Saharan Africa has raised huge concerns about the “future” of Lake Chad with regional and international institutions. The final rescue plan proposed by the member countries of the Lake Chad Basin consists of supplying water to the Congo Basin via a bypass system. This is an...
La sècheresse hydrologique sans précédent enregistrée au 20 ème siècle en Afrique Subsaharienne a suscité d'énormes inquiétudes sur “l'avenir” du lac Tchad auprès des institutions régionales et internationales. L'ultime plan de sauvetage proposé par les pays membres du Bassin du lac Tchad consiste à un apport en eau du Bassin du Congo via un systèm...
This work presents the risings' history of the Ubangi river at Bangui since 1889 and their impacts on people and goods in the urbanized floodplain. A documentary and interviewees and ground surveys data analysis allowed precisely floods dates and the evolutive stakes into the Ubangi river floodplain, regarding to the 1999 and 2019's phenomena (dail...
Ce travail présente la variabilité
intra-saisonnière de la pluviométrie dans le Sud-ouest
centrafricain. Les données pluviométriques journalières
utilisées couvrent la période 1981–2017. Elles ont été
extraites aux points de grilles les plus proches des quatre stations
représentatives de la zone d'étude (Bangui, Berberati, Boukoko et
Nola) sur la b...
Ce travail scrute la dynamique des crues des rivières Tomi, Gribingui et Fafa dans le centre centrafricain, en lien avec la sécheresse hydrologique survenue depuis 1970, et les périodes homogènes dans ces séries. Des données de débits moyens journaliers maximums et de modules annuels de la Tomi à Sibut, la Gribingui à Kaga-Bandoro et la Fafa à Bouc...
La croissance démographique suscite l'extension spatiale en milieu urbain. Cela pose problème lorsque cette croissance spatiale n'est ordonnée ni canalisée par une politique d'urbanisation. Cette question est d'actualité à Bangui, capitale de la République centrafricaine, où l'anarchisme de l'occupation du sol y crée une ségrégation urbaine entre l...
This paper examines the evolution of the average rainfall (R) over the catchment and discharges (Q) of the Ubangi River at Mobaye (403,800 km 2) in order to establish homogeneous hydroclimatic periods and to appreciate groundwater behaviors over 1938-2015 period. Annual and daily mean data (rainfall and discharge) were subjected to different statis...
Although the Congo Basin is still one of the least studied river basins in the world, this paper attempts to provide a multidisciplinary but non-exhaustive synthesis on the general hydrology of the Congo River by highlighting some points of interest and some particular results obtained over a century of surveys and scientific studies. The Congo Riv...
The research of ruptures on rainfall and discharge serial
data from 1950 to 1995 of three small catchments (from 2000 to
6000 km2) of the Central African Republic, at the boundary between Chad and
Congo basins, has shown a high spatial variability. The rupture observed in
1970 at the subcontinental scale, which started the drought period in West
an...
Ce papier revisite l'évolution hydroclimatique de l'Oubangui à Bangui à la faveur d'une nouvelle série hydropluviométrique de 1935 à 2015. Pour cela, les données annuelles pluviométriques et hydrologiques de l'Oubangui à Bangui ont été analysées avec différents tests statistiques (indices pluviométrique et d'écoulement, recherches de ruptures, coef...
This paper discusses community-based adaptation strategies for droughts and floods in small watersheds in Kenya and the Central African Republic. Survey data on adaptation strategies and annual rainfall data in the watersheds were used to assess the occurrence of floods and droughts, and their impacts. In both areas, the main adaptation strategy fo...
Principal affluent septentrional du Congo, l’Oubangui à Bangui a un bassin transfrontalier, s’étendant en RDC (République démocratique du Congo) sur 499 000 km ² . Quatre variantes du climat tropical humide influencent son régime selon un gradient pluviométrique sud-nord (1 600-1 000 mm) mais la soudano-guinéenne prédomine sur la majeure partie du...
Because of climatic change, local communities in Africa have to resolve problems of accessibility to water resources in decreasing. That problem is linked with population growth and resources pollution. Of course it is to add undesirable climatic side effects such as: floods, soil erosion, wildfires⋯ African countries have to prepare their urban an...
La vulnérabilité et l'adaptabilité des communautés locales aux problèmes d'eau en Afrique (humide, sèche, semi-aride, etc.) sont des questions d'actualité et un défi commun. Ceci implique d'évaluer les changements enregistrés par les systèmes aquatiques sous forme d'excès et de pénurie aussi bien en milieu rural (récession pluviométrique, assècheme...
The Oubangui River drains around 490,000 km2 to its outlet at Bangui. Its hydrological rate of flow recorded since 1911 is marked mainly by a persistent regression of flows (29% of decline compared with 1935-2006s average) corresponding to 13% of rainfall decline due to 1971s climatic break. Since then, only two floods occurred at Bangui on 1975 an...
Bangui, the capital of the Central African Republic, suffers from a qualitative deficit in water supply for its population. The lack of sufficient clean water means it is essential to make drinking water safe. This problem of safety is revealed by the outdated character of the water supply network which is at the origin of the deterioration of drin...
Hydrological extremes: indicators of hydrodynamism or hydraulicity of the sandstone plateau of Mouka-Ouadda on the Pipi river at Ouadda (Central African Republic). - Hydrologic extrems of the period of 1955 to 1976 are used as indicators in order to analyze the impact of the Mouka Ouadda sandstone plateau on the behaviour of the Pipi river. They ar...
The " African Mosaic" disease of cassava is caused by a geminivirus conveyed by a white fly (Bemisia tabaci) in the intertropical area. This virus plays a key role in the fall of yield of cassava in a good many of African countries, notably in Central African Republic, where the small production can be ascribed to it. To make an assessment of the i...
Varying discharges of large rivers observed over long periods can reflect environmental trends like ‘climate change’ within the catchment (e.g. ongoing aridification results in a reduced discharge). The present study on the Oubangui River in Central Africa first lines out some physiogeographic features of the almost 500000 km2 large catchment situa...
In the Central African republic, on the Mouka-Ouadda Plateau, diamond's exploitation in alluvial deposits is made with rudimentary tools. Miners build dams with tree trunks and sediments across rivers beds and the flow is sent into canals of diversion. So, extraction can be made in alluvial bottoms and the canal's water used for washing operations....
