Cuicui Lu

• Ph D
• Professor at Beijing Institute of Technology

Integrated photonic chips hold substantial potential in optical communications, computing, light detection and ranging, sensing, and imaging, offering exceptional data throughput and low power consumption. A key objective is to build a monolithic on-chip photonic system that integrates light sources, processors and photodetectors on a single chip....

The ability to generate Landau levels using a pseudomagnetic field (PMF), also called an artificial gauge field, opens up new pathways for exploring fundamental physics and developing novel applications based on topological protection. In this Letter, we simultaneously realize a PMF and a pseudoelectric field (PEF) on a photonic crystal platform an...

Continuous development of photonic crystals (PCs) over the last 30 years has carved out many new scientific frontiers. However, creating tunable PCs that enable flexible control of geometric configurations remains a challenge. Here we present a scheme to produce a tunable plasma photonic crystal (PPC) ‘kaleidoscope’ with rich diversity of structura...

Nonreciprocal transmission, resulting from the breaking of Lorentz reciprocity, plays a pivotal role in nonreciprocal communication systems by enabling asymmetric forward and backward propagations. Metasurfaces endowed with nonreciprocity represent a compact and facile platform for manipulating electromagnetic waves in an unprecedented manner. Howe...

Spontaneous symmetry breaking plays a pivotal role in physics ranging from the emergence of elementary particles to the phase transitions of matter. The spontaneous breaking of continuous time translation symmetry leads to a novel state of matter named continuous time crystal (CTC). It exhibits periodic oscillation without the need for periodic dri...

Realizing a multifunctional integrated photonic platform is one of the goals for future optical information processing, which usually requires large size to realize due to multiple integration challenges. Here, we realize a multifunctional integrated photonic platform with ultracompact footprint based on inverse design. The photonic platform is com...

Topological photonic states are immune to structural defects and perturbations, which are considered as a promising solution for realizing robust integrated optical devices. As an essential photonic component, the chiral mode converter, which can directionally switch the modes of photonic states, plays a key role in integrated photonics. However, t...

Topological disclination states are highly localized and stable by means of introducing disclination, which provide a robust platform for realizing optical information transition. A photonic encoder, as a kind of optical information transition element, can record, transmit, and protect optical information. However, there is no effective methods to...

The topological photonics plays an important role in the fields of fundamental physics and photonic devices. The traditional method of designing topological system is based on the momentum space, which is not a direct and convenient way to grasp the topological properties, especially for the perturbative structures or coupled systems. Here, we prop...

Modulation of topological phase transition has been pursued by researchers in both condensed matter and optics research fields, and has been realized in Euclidean systems, such as topological photonic crystals, topological metamaterials, and coupled resonator arrays. However, the spin-controlled topological phase transition in non-Euclidean space h...

We report a scalable strategy to realize a robust on-chip integrated microlaser source with simultaneous in-plane emission, linewidth compression, and pump energy utilization improvement based on different orders of exceptional surfaces (ESs).

We present a groundbreaking and versatile approach to multi-mode rainbow trapping in photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs), overcoming long-standing limitations in photonic device design. Our innovative semi-bilayer PC design, formed by stacking two PCs, enables the realization of new photonic modes that were previously inaccessible, leading to enhanc...

Non-Hermitian topological systems have attracted much interest due to their unique topological properties when the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) appears. However, the experimental realization of NHSE conventionally requires nonreciprocal couplings, which are compatible with limited systems. Here, we propose a mechanism of loss-induced Floquet NH...

Non-Abelian optics has emerged as a promising research field with the potential to revolutionize our understanding of light–matter interactions and enable new applications in areas including topological photonic devices, quantum computing, optical sensing, and communications. This review provides an overall framework for the rapidly developing fiel...

Machine‐learning has proven useful in distinguishing topological phases. However, there is still a lack of relevant research in the non‐Hermitian community, especially from the perspective of the momentum‐space. Here, an unsupervised machine‐learning method, diffusion maps, is used to study non‐Hermitian topologies in the momentum‐space. Choosing p...

Integrated frequency routers, which can guide light with different frequencies to different output ports, are an important kind of nanophotonic device. However, frequency routers with both a compact size and multiple channels are difficult to realize, which limits the application of these frequency routers in nanophotonics. Here, a kind of bandgap...

Non-Hermitian topological systems have attracted lots of interest due to their unique topological properties when the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) appears. However, the experimental realization of NHSE conventionally requires non-reciprocal couplings, which are compatible with limited systems. Here we propose a mechanism of loss-induced Floquet...

Topological photonics and topological photonic states have opened up a new frontier for optical manipulation and robust light trapping. The topological rainbow can separate different frequencies of topological states into different positions. This work combines a topological photonic crystal waveguide (topological PCW) with the optical cavity. The...

The on-chip integrated visible microlaser is a core unit of high-speed visible-light communication with huge bandwidth resources, which needs robustness against fabrication errors, compressible linewidth, reducible threshold, and in-plane emission. However, until now, it has been a great challenge to meet these requirements simultaneously. Here, we...

Valley photonic crystals (PCs) play a crucial role in controlling light flow and realizing robust nanophotonic devices. In this study, rotated gradient valley PCs are proposed to realize topological rainbow trapping. A topological rainbow is observed despite the presence of pillars of different shapes, which indicates the remarkable universality of...

Topological polarization selection devices, which can separate topological photonic states of different polarizations into different positions, play a key role in the field of integrated photonics. However, there has been no effective method to realize such devices to date. Here, we have realized a topological polarization selection concentrator ba...

Topological rainbow trapping, which can separate and trap different frequencies of topological states into different positions, plays a key role in topological photonic devices. However, few schemes have been proposed to realize topological rainbow trapping effects in lossy photonic crystal systems, which has restricted their practical applications...

Intelligent materials with adaptive response to external stimulation lay foundation to integrate functional systems at the material level. Here, with experimental observation and numerical simulation, we report a delicate nano-electro-mechanical-opto-system naturally embedded in individual multiwall tungsten disulfide nanotubes, which generates a d...

On-chip topological nanophotonic devices, which take photons as information carriers with topological protection during light propagation, have great application potential in the next generation photonic chips. The topological photonic states enable the nanophotonic devices to be robust and stable, immune to scattering even with imperfect structure...

The gain and loss in photonic lattices provide possibilities for many functional phenomena. In this Letter, we consider photonic topological insulators with different types of gain-loss domain walls, which will break the translational symmetry of the lattices. A method is proposed to construct effective Hamiltonians, which accurately describe state...

Non-Hermitian topological effects are of crucial importance both in fundamental physics and applications. Here we discover the gain-loss-induced hybrid second-order skin-topological effect and the PT phase transition in skin-topological modes. By studying a non-Hermitian Haldane model, we find that the topological edge modes are localized on a spec...

Topological photonics offers enhanced control over electromagnetic fields by providing a platform for robust trapping and guiding topological states of light. The topological rainbow can separate and distribute different wavelengths of topological photonic states into different positions, but related topological devices have not yet been fully expl...

The era of Big Data requires nanophotonic chips to have large information processing capacity. Multiple frequency on-chip nanophotonic devices are highly desirable for density integration, but such devices are more susceptible to structural imperfection because of their nano-scale. Topological photonics provides a robust platform for next-generatio...

A modality to high tunability and sensing performance of a one-dimensional (1D) topological photonic crystal (PC) heterostructure is realized, based on a new mechanism through a 1D topological PC. By inserting an aqueous defect layer as a sandwich between two 1D PCs, transmittance gradually decreases with the increasing thickness of the defect laye...

The rainbow trapping effect has attracted gathering attention due to its potential application in data processing, energy storage, and light-matter interaction enhancement. The interest has increased recently with the advent of topological photonic crystals (PCs), as the topological PC affords a robust platform for nanophotonic devices. We proposed...

The topological state in photonics was first realized based on the magnetic-optic (MO) effect and developed rapidly in recent years. This review summarizes various topological states. First, the conventional topological chiral edge states, which are accomplished in periodic and aperiodic systems based on the MO effect, are introduced. Some typical...

Topological photonics provides a robust platform for the study of nanophotonic devices. The topological rainbow can be used to separate, slow, and trap topological photonic states of different frequencies at different positions. Although numerous reports have investigated the construction of traditional rainbow devices, limited methods have been pr...

Nonreciprocity is important in both optical information processing and topological photonics studies. Conventional principles for realizing nonreciprocity rely on magnetic fields, spatiotemporal modulation, or nonlinearity. Here we propose a generic principle for generating nonreciprocity by taking advantage of energy loss, which is usually regarde...

Photonic-plasmonic hybrid microcavities, which possess a higher figure of merit Q/V (the ratio of quality factor to mode volume) than that of pure photonic microcavities or pure plasmonic nano-antennas, play key roles in enhancing light-matter interaction. In this review, we summarize the typical photonic-plasmonic hybrid microcavities, such as pho...

The topological nanophotonic wavelength router, which can steer light with different wavelength signals into different topological channels, plays a key role in optical information processing. However, no effective method has been found to realize such a topological nanophotonic device. Here, an on-chip topological nanophotonic wavelength router wo...

Topological photonic nanocavity provides a robust platform for realizing nano-photonic devices and studying light–matter interaction. Here, a topological photonic-plasmonic hybrid nanocavity, assembling a topological photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavity with a plasmonic nano-antenna, is proposed to have an ultra-high figure of merit Q/V of 1.5×106(λ/n...

The rapid development of information technology has fueled an ever-increasing demand for ultrafast and ultralow-energy-consumption computing. Existing computing instruments are pre-dominantly electronic processors, which use electrons as information carriers and possess von Neumann architecture featured by physical separation of storage and process...

Quantum topological photonics is a new research field bridging the two different areas of quantum optics and topological photonics. Combining the advantages of topological protection and topology degree of freedom with quantum information processing, novel physical laws and effects could be expected, which improves the process of fundamental resear...

A paradigm for high-quality factor (Q) with a substantial fulfillment for appraising sensing ability and performance has been investigated. Through constructing a 1D (one-dimensional) topological photonic crystal (PhC) mirror heterostructure, which is formed by the image view of 1D topological PhC stacking with its original one. In the 1D topologic...

Cascaded nanophotonic devices play a vital role in all-optical connection, all-optical computation and all-optical network. However, there is almost no effective method for the direct design of on-chip cascaded nanophotonic devices, since current study of nanophotonic devices mostly focuses on single device. Here, on-chip cascaded nanophotonic devi...

On-chip arbitrary-elliptical-polarization converter plays a key role in optical information processing. However, the traditional method of manually adjusting parameters for designing devices is limited in function. In this letter, on-chip ultra-small arbitrary-elliptical-polarization converters are realized through optimization algorithms based on...

Quantum topological photonics is a new research field with great potential that is based on developments in both quantum optics and topological photonics. Topological photonics offers unique properties, including topological robustness and an anti‐backscattering property, and these advantages are strongly required in quantum optics. Quantum technol...

Synthetic dimension provides a new platform for realizing topological photonic devices. Here, we propose a method to realize a rainbow concentrator of topological photonic states based on the synthetic dimension concept. The synthetic dimension is constructed using a translational degree of freedom of the nanostructures inside the unit cell of a tw...

Topological photonic crystal provides a robust platform for nanophotonic devices. However, few reports have been found to realize multiple frequency routing based on topological photonic states, which have restricted further applications in the field of nanophotonic devices. Here, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we propose an effi...

The research on nanophotonic devices has made great progress during the past decades. It is the unremitting pursuit of researchers that realize various device functions to meet practical applications. However, most of the traditional methods rely on human experience and physical inspiration for structural design and parameter optimization, which us...

Nonlinear optical materials are cornerstones of modern optics including ultrafast lasers, optical computing, and harmonic generation. The nonlinear coefficients of optical materials suffer from limitations in strength and bandwidth. Also, the nonlinear performance is typically monotonous without polarization selectivity, and to date, no natural mat...

Broadband dispersion free, large and ultrafast nonlinear material platforms comprise the essential foundation for the study of nonlinear optics, integrated optics, intense field optical physics, and quantum optics. Despite substantial research efforts, such material platforms have not been established up to now because of intrinsic contradictions b...

Optical nonreciprocity is an essential property for a wide range of applications, such as building nonreciprocal optical devices that include isolators and circulators. The realization of optical nonreciprocity relies on breaking the symmetry associated with Lorentz reciprocity, which typically requires stringent conditions such as introducing a st...

Optical cavities with high figure of merit ${Q}/\!{V}$ Q / V is essential to enhance the interaction of light and matter. Here, a hybrid photonic-plasmonic nano-cavity, consisting of an L3 photonic crystal nano-cavity and plasmonic bowtie nano-antennas, is proposed to have an ultrahigh figure of merit ${Q}/\!{V}$ Q / V of $8.4 \times {10^6}{({\lamb...

The rapid development of information technology has fueled an ever-increasing demand for ultrafast and ultralow-energy-consumption computing. Existing computing instruments are pre-dominantly electronic processors. The scaling of computing speed is limited not only by data transfer between memory and processing units, but also by RC delay associate...

In a two-dimensional non-Hermitian topological photonic system, the physics of topological states is complicated, which brings great challenges for clarifying the topological phase transitions and achieving precise active control. Here, we prove the topological phase transition exists in a two-dimensional parity-time-symmetric coupled-resonator opt...

A polarization router can separate and steer light with different polarizations into different output ports. In article number 1902018, Cuicui Lu, Xiaoyong Hu and co‐workers realize on‐chip polarization routers based on an intelligent algorithm constructed by genetic algorithm and finite element method. A silicon‐based polarization router with foot...

Photonic molecules (PMs) are artificial nanoscale photonic structures that play important roles in the fundamental optics field. PM quantum optics has recently become a promising research field, because it provides novel quantum optical phenomena including Rabi oscillation, the Stark effect, the Purcell effect, the photon blockade effect, bound sta...

Exceptional points(EPs), branch points of complex energy surfaces at which eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, are ubiquitous in non-Hermitian systems. Many novel properties and applications have been proposed around the EPs. One of the important applications is to enhance the detection sensitivity. However, due to the lack of single-handed supe...

Exceptional points (EPs), branch points of complex energy surfaces at which eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, are ubiquitous in non-Hermitian systems. Many novel properties and applications have been proposed around the EPs. One of the important applications is to enhance the detection sensitivity. However, due to the lack of single-handed sup...

Nanophotonic polarization routers, which can separate and steer light with different polarizations of transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes into different output ports, are an essential component of on‐chip integrated photonic circuits. By developing an intelligent algorithm that combines the genetic algorithm and the finite element met...

Chern number is one of the most important criteria by which the existence of a topological photonic state among various photonic crystals can be judged; however, few reports have presented a universal numerical calculation method to directly calculate the Chern numbers of different topological photonic crystals and have denoted the influence of dif...

On-chip integrated wavelength routers, polarization routers and cascaded filter and routers are successfully designed and experimentally demonstrated based on the intelligent algorithm by combining genetic algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm, topology optimization, and finite element method.

The nanoscale wavelength and polarization router, which can simultaneously separate wavelength and polarization modes, is an essential component of on-chip nanophotonic devices. Here, an on-chip wavelength and polarization router is realized experimentally based on a three-layer hybrid waveguide of Au − SiO 2 − LiNbO 3 etched with asymmetric nano-c...

An on-chip light source is one of the essential components for integrated photonic circuits and quantum-information processing chips. To date, it has been a great challenge to construct an on-chip light source with high directionality, high collection efficiency, and ultrasmall feature size simultaneously in the optical communication range. Here, a...

Nanophotonic wavelength routers, which can separate and steer different incident optical wavelengths into different output ports, play a key role in many applications of integrated photonic devices. We design and experimentally demonstrate ultrasmall broadband wavelength routers using an intelligent algorithm that combines a genetic algorithm and t...

Quantum ground-state cooling of macroscopic mechanical resonators is of essential importance to both fundamental physics and applied science. Conventional method of laser cooling is limited by the quantum backaction, which requires mechanical sideband resolved in order to cool to ground state. This work presents an idea to break the quantum backact...

Quantum ground‐state cooling of macroscopic mechanical resonators is of essential importance to both fundamental physics and applied science. The conventional method of laser cooling is limited by the quantum backaction, which requires the mechanical sideband to be resolved in order to cool to ground state. Herein, an idea to break the quantum back...

On-chip plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) possessing the unique properties of controlling light propagation states is a promising way to on-chip ultrafast optical connection networks as well as integrated optical processing chips. On-chip PIT has attracted enormous research interests, the latest developments of which have also yield progress in na...

An on-chip integrated wavelength filter and router device is realized using two-dimensional metal/dielectric nanostructures. The device can filter wavelengths of light from an incident broadband beam, and further route the filtered signals to different ports on the same chip. The footprint of the entire device is only 3.4 μm × 7.3 μm. Both the numb...

We find that dissipation can be utilized as a resource to enhance optomechanically induced transparency in the unresolved sideband regime. This positive effect of dissipation holds potential for applications including high-precision measurements and slow light.

Integrated nanoscale photonic devices have wide applications ranging from optical interconnects and optical computing to optical communications. Wavelength demultiplexer is an essential on-chip optical component which can separate the incident wavelength into different channels; however, the experimental progress is very limited. Here, using a mult...

A slow-light effect based on metamaterial-induced transparency (MIT) possesses great practical applications for integrated photonic devices. However, to date, only very weak slow-light effects have been obtained in metamaterials because of the intrinsic loss of metal. Moreover, no active control of slow-light has been achieved in metamaterials. Her...

Ultralow power and ultrafast all-optical control of a polarization-insensitive metamaterial-induced transparency are realized by X. Y. Hu, Q. H. Gong, and co-workers on page 1141. They adopt gold nanoprism trimers as meta-molecules and use a multilayer-graphene microsheet/polycrystalline ITO composite as a nonlinear medium. This allows the realizat...

We proposed a novel meta-structure of gold/graphene trimers and realized ultrasfast and ultra-low power all-optical tunable plasmon-induced transparency around 1150 nm. The nonlinear susceptibility of graphene/ITO film was up to 2.90×10-5 esu.

Nanoscale multichannel filter is realized in plasmonic circuits directly, which consists of four plasmonic nanocavities coupled via a plasmonic waveguide etched in a gold film. The feature device size is only 1.35 μm, which is reduced by five orders of magnitude compared with previous reports. The optical channels are formed by transparency windows...