CRK Reddy

Institute of Chemical Technology | ICT · DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences

In this study, the seeding density (w/v), Provasoli Enriched Seawater (PES) medium strength, and salinity of the culture medium were optimized to obtain higher growth rates and superior biomass quality of Gelidium micropterum Kützing. Among the tested seeding densities, 30 mg of biomass per 100 mL of seawater was optimal. The samples cultured in 0...

The study explicates the manifestation of edible seaweed diversity encountered across the underexplored frontier of the Gulf of Kachchh (GoK). Nine seaweeds were examined for their nutritive and antioxidant assets aiming to enhance overall health and fiscal valorization of this region. The total carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, Na/K, ash content, C...

The marine red alga Phycocalidia vietnamensis with healthy thalli (HT) at a mature stage, moderately bleached thalli (MBT) at 5 weeks post-maturity, and fully bleached thalli (FBT) at 7 weeks post-maturity were collected from wild stocks. All samples were analyzed for biochemical such as pigments (R-phycoerythrin (R-PE), R-phycocyanin (R-PC), and c...

Polysaccharides are among the multifunctional and highly abundant biomolecules of the plant kingdom. Their diversities range from being a homopolymer to heteropolymers with a vast list of applications precisely for the marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharides. Ulvans, a green marine macroalgae-derived sulphated heteropolymer, have been modif...

Seaweeds represent one of the promising resources of the oceans with immense social, economic, and environmental benefits. Seaweeds being non-lignocellulosic, are considered as third-generation biofuel feedstock along with microalgae. Compared to microalgae, seaweeds are least explored for biofuels, especially biodiesel, due to their low lipid cont...

Conventional off-shore and on-shore cultivation methods for marine macroalgae are both inadequate to pitch macroalgae as scalable renewable feedstock that can be grown across all coastal locations. With on-shore cultivation likely to be sustainable and preferred over eco-damaging open seas cultivation, new reactor systems need to be developed for o...

The purpose of the current study is to report and provide the first record of the macroalgal diversity observed along the underrated northern coast of the Gulf of Kachchh (GoK), India, backed by its molecular study. The biodiversity data existing for the northern belt of the GoK, encompassing the Kachchh coast, is quite flimsy in contrast to the su...

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Cellulose is a naturally occurring organic polymer extracted mainly from lignocellulosic biomass of terrestrial origin. However, the increasing production of seaweeds for growing global market demands has developed the opportunity to use it as an additional cellulose source. This review aims to prepare comprehensive information to understand seawee...

The ongoing saga of the fossil carbon‐based economy affects the wellbeing of this planet and its associated life forms, including humans. Although the bioeconomy is widely advocated as a solution, it is not growing quickly enough due to various challenges. Here, we discuss emerging opportunities to overcome these barriers and enhance the bioeconomy...

Ulvans represent one of the most abundant marine derived macromolecular sulfated polysaccharides accounting for numerous biological applications including in one of the fastest growing field of biomedical sciences. Tissue engineering based on biologically inspired and naturally derived polymers has been one of the prime focus of regenerative medici...

Abstract: Ulvans represent one of the most abundant marine derived macromolecular sulfated polysaccharides accounting for numerous biological applications including in one of the fastest growing field of biomedical sciences. Tissue engineering based on biologically inspired and naturally derived polymers has been one of the prime focus of regenerat...

The study elucidates presence of 16 potential putative metabolites in Dictyota dichotoma through non‐targeted secondary metabolite profile analysis using electrospray ionization negative mode of liquid chromatography with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Two fatty acyl glycosides viz; 5‐megastigmen‐7‐yne‐3,9‐diol 9‐glucoside (biomarker for food co...

Marine macroalgae have been grown on a large scale for human consumption, and can also serve as a non-lignocellulosic feedstock for the production of renewable fuels. However, biofuel production from algal biomass is uneconomical. Additional useful biochemical components that are unique to algae and that have a proven market value can change this....

The Ulva fasciata Delile is a rapidly growing intertidal green marine macroalga and is a potential source of numerous value-added products such as mineral salts, ulvan, cellulose, and proteins. It is among the edible seaweeds that can bring down the pressure on to the terrestrial crop farming. The cultivation of such economically valuable species p...

Seaweeds are an integral part of coastal ecosystems and offer invaluable ecosystem services supporting the life of many marine forms. The economic value of seaweeds significantly contributes to the sustainable development of rural coastal regions. Seaweeds are consumed as food in some Asian countries, but their utilization for production of phycoco...

A growing global population, combined with factors such as health requirements and nutritional demands are imposing tremendous pressure on the world's present resources; to respond these demands by increased production of various types of food; especially proteins. The concomitantly increasing demand for animal-based proteins in particular is expec...

The present article gives an overview of the S&T activities carried out on Kappaphycus in India, particularly at CSMCRI

Innovative technologies in seaweed aquaculture are needed for sustaining the emerging global market demands. The supply of seedlings for a year round sea farming has remained as a major challenge. This manual describes a simple innovative method for rapidly producing a large number of protoplasts from leafy green seaweeds. The novelty of this metho...

A simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of hybrid bead silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) employing the aqueous extract derived from natural and renewable source namely tropical benthic green seaweed Ulva flexuosa was developed. This route involves the reduction of Ag+ ions anchored onto macro porous methacrylic acid copolymer beads to AgNPs f...

Protocols for Macroalgae Research describes state-of-the-art approaches and applications in seaweed research. The book is comprised of 31 protocols in all and provides critical information regarding the cultivation and preservation of seaweeds, their chemical composition, as well as their cellular and molecular characterization. This type of resear...

Eight tropical marine macro algae were investigated for in-vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and biochemical properties. The moisture content [% DW (dry weight)] ranged from 7.21 to 14.72%; ash, 24.92 to 47.04%; lipids, 0.73 to 2.67%; protein, 4.56 to 12.59%; and carbohydrate, 30.1 to 48.51%. The % sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ranged...

This study aims to unveil the cosmeceutical traits of Jania rubens by highlighting its mineral composition, antioxidant potential, and presence of bioactive molecules using non-targeted metabolite profiling. This study showed that among minerals, (macro), Ca (14790.33 + 1.46 mg/100 g dry weight (DW)) and in (micro) Fe (84.93 + 0.89 mg/100 g DW) was...

Functional genomics may be defined as the study of deciphering the function and regulation of genes for various traits. Functional genomics has made significant advances in decoding functionality of gene(s) and their regulations furthering our knowledge of systems biology of an organism. The true benefits of such studies have widely been realized i...

Among the red algae, Kappaphycus and Eucheuma are the two most commercially important carrageenophytes farmed extensively in Southeast Asian countries; they rank top in production in terms of volume of raw material produced. The farming of carrageenophytes has emerged as a successful enterprise and provides a promising, alternative livelihood optio...

In India, food-grade agar is produced from Gracilaria edulis while bacteriological-grade agar is extracted from Gelidiella acerosa. Agarose is directly obtained from Gracilaria dura. Seaweeds for agar production mainly come from wild stocks located in reefs of the Gulf of Mannar, southeast coast. Landings of Gr. edulis were peak (982 dry t) during...

The present study describes an advanced biorefinery model for marine macroalgae that assumes significant importance in the context of marine bio-economy. The method investigated in this study integrates the extraction of crude proteins with recovery of minerals rich sap, lipids, ulvan and cellulose from fresh biomass of Ulva lactuca. The protein co...

Marine macro algal feed stock is increasingly considered as preferred choice to surmount energy and environmental challenges. It can circumvent the major shortcomings arise from first and second generation biomass that comes from either food crop or has lignocellulosic components. Further there are several taxa for which cultivation strategies are...

The presentation reflects the Indian seaweed resource status, exploitation, integrated downstream process and scope for developing sustainable production and processing industry that collectively contribute the rural economy and the socioeconomic developmental of coastal communities with marginal incomes.

There is an urgent need for diversifying livelihood of low-income artisanal fishermen due to rapidly dwindling fisheries resources. CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute takes pride in being first for pioneering Kappaphycus alvarezii cultivation, heralding a era of commercial seaweed farming in India. The invention (US Patent No...

Macroalgal species covered under Ulvales are commonly encountered worldwide. A huge heap of this ’green bloom’ is often left unnoticed to get degraded and therefore the disposal of this green biomass in a suitable manner can be costly. The usage of this algal biomass with respect to its biological assets, abundance and most importantly it’s renewab...

Objective of this study was to ascertain the optimum condition for callus induction of K. alvarezii (Doty) in vitro such as to determine the explants sterilization process, the effect of intensity of light and the concentration of agar. Fresh thalli treated with 0.5% - 1% detergent for 5 mins followed by 0.5% - 1% betadine for 2 – 3 mins and incuba...

Marine environment hosts the wide range of habitats with remarkably high and diverse microbial populations. The ability of marine microorganisms to survive in extreme temperature, salinity, and pressure depends on the function of multivarious enzyme systems that in turn provide vast potential for biotechnological exploration studies. Therefore, the...

We describe an integrated process that can be applied to biomass of the green seaweed, Ulva fasciata, to allow the sequential recovery of four economically important fractions; mineral rich liquid extract (MRLE), lipid, ulvan, and cellulose. The main benefits of our process are: a) its simplicity and b) the consistent yields obtained from the resid...

Macroalgae are a diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic lower organisms and offer indispensable ecosystem services toward sustainable productivity of rocky coastal areas. The earlier studies have mainly focused on elucidation of the roles of the epiphytic bacterial communities in the ecophysiology of the host macroalga. However, mutualistic int...

The present study describes a simple process for recovering a stream of products sequentially including bioethanol from the fresh biomass of the red seaweed Gracilaria corticata. From processing of 100 g fresh biomass (~12.2 g dry), 166 ± 3 µg/g R-phycoerytrin, 126 ± 4 µg/g R-phycocyanin can be realized on fresh weight basis, and 1.41 ± 0.03% crude...

Tissue cultured progenies of callus regenerated Gelidiella acerosa were successfully transferred from the laboratory, then were cultivated in the exposed sea. Four plantlets (approx. 0.04 ± 0.01 g fresh wt. and 2–3 cm length) cultured initially in closed net bags in the lagoon waters were multiplied to produce 73 plantlets each with an average biom...

Seaweed farming at sea is proving an increasingly competitive biomass production alternative for food and related uses. Farmed seaweed output has been growing exponentially, reaching 24 million tons by 2012. Remarkably, 99 % of this production occurred in merely eight Asian nations. Most of the remaining 150 countries and territories with coasts ar...

The role of exogenously added methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a lipid-derived signaling compound, in inducing oxidative stress in the marine red macroalga Gracilaria dura was investigated. MeJA at a concentration of 1–100 µM was a strong stimulant of reactive oxygen species (H2O2, HO· and O2·−) (P < 0.05) causing considerable oxidative stress in G. dura....

Plant feedstock with specific, modified developmental features has been a quest for centuries. Since the development and spread of agriculture, there has been a desire for plants producing disproportionate—or more abundant and more nutritional—biomass that meet human needs better than their native counterparts. Seaweed aquaculture, targeted for hum...

Plant feedstock with specific, modified developmental features has been a quest for centuries. Since the development and spread of agriculture, there has been a desire for plants producing disproportionate—or more abundant and more nutritional—biomass that meet human needs better than their native counterparts. Seaweed aquaculture, targeted for hum...

Epiphytic and endophytic bacteria associated with green macroalgae Ulva (U. fasciata and U. lactuca) and red macroalgae Gracilaria (G. corticata and G. dura) have been identified from three different seasons to evaluate the effect of quorum sensing (QS) molecules on carpospores liberation from Gracilaria dura. The bacterial isolates belonging to th...

Cellulase produced from the marine fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum through solid state fermentation (SSF) was investigated for its saccharification potential of seaweed biomass using the common green seaweed Ulva fasciata. The seaweed substrate, containing inoculated fungus with 60% moisture content, cultured at 25 °C and pH 4 for four days, sho...

Ulvophycean species with diverse trait characteristics provide an opportunity to create novel allelic recombinant variants. The present study reports the development of seaweed variants with improved agronomic traits through protoplast fusion between Monostroma oxyspermum (Kutz.) Doty and Ulva reticulata Forsskål. A total of 12 putative hybrids wer...

The large scale production of marine macroalgae, mainly for human consumption, has given rise to their consideration for a nonlignocellulosic feedstock for the production of renewable fuels. However, for economical making of biofuel l from algal biomass requires the co-production of additional useful biochemical components that are unique to algae...

In recent decade, seaweeds-associated microbial communities have been significantly evaluated for functional and chemical analyses. Such analyses let to conclude that seaweeds-associated microbial communities are highly diverse and rich sources of bioactive compounds of exceptional molecular structure. Extracting bioactive compounds from seaweed-as...

Metabolomics is one of the emerging areas of functional genomics and provides newer insights in systems biology. The integration of metabolome with transcriptome analysis facilitates our understanding of gene functionality and its regulation in various meta -bolic pathways. Marine organisms have a variety of unique biological processes and adaptati...

Marine macroalgae, commonly known as seaweeds, are assemblage of diverse groups of phototrophic marine plants and form the base of the marine trophic pyramid. Rocky inter -tidal zones are the most dynamic and comprises of highly stressful habitats for marine life including seaweeds. They often experience severe environmental stress as a result of p...

Seaweed-associated bacteria play a crucial role in morphogenesis and growth of seaweeds (macroalgae) in direct and/or indirect ways. Bacterial communities belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes are generally the most abundant on seaweed surfaces. Associated bacterial communities produce plant growth-promoting substances, quorum sensin...

The marine red alga Gracilaria crassa was investigated for its proximate composition, minerals, fatty acids, amino acids, and agar content to decipher its nutritional implications.The growth performance and pigments were studied under different combinations of temperature and salinity. On a dry weight basis the total lipid content was 1.30±0.05 %,...

The biodiversity assessment of different taxa of the genus Caulerpa is of interest from the context of morphological plasticity, invasive potential of some species and biotechnological and pharmacological applications. The present study investigated the identification and molecular phylogeny of different species of Caulerpa occurring along the Indi...

Onsite remediation of phosphate in wastewaters remains a challenge in water treatment technologies. Further, aftermath of the treated material is hitherto unknown and mostly disposed of as land-fill. A new method for onsite remediation of phosphate is proposed using colloidal layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets and the treated material is val...

This study was accomplished to understand the lipid and biochemical alterations resulting from different nutritional regimes of nitrate and phosphate in Ulva lactuca. The algal thalli cultured in artificial seawater showed higher carbohydrates, non-polar lipids and phosphatase activities, accompanied by degradation of polar lipids, proteins and pig...

The green seaweed Ulva which proliferates fast and occurs abundantly worldwide was used as a feedstock for production of ethanol following enzymatic hydrolysis. Among the different cellulases investigated for efficient saccharification, cellulase 22119 showed the highest conversion efficiency of biomass into reducing sugars than Viscozyme L, Cellul...

Algae are photosynthetic organisms with ubiquitous distribution and contain varied forms of lipids owing to their extreme habitat diversity. This chapter presents detailed information on the structure and distribution of lipids, fatty acids and sterols in algae together with the genes and enzymes involved in their metabolism. The developments in ac...

Global demand for seaweed resources has increased due to their emergent use as sources of biopharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and biofuels. These high-valued products make possible the use of micropropagation techniques that may be more costly than conventional mariculture. This study reports the successful tissue culture of Kappaphycus alvarezii (D...

Metabolites, the regulatory components of cellular functioning, represent the biological phenomes. Metabolome profile of select marine macrophytic algal species of Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta and Phaeophyta were characterized for the first time using NMR spectroscopy. A facile and tractable method suitable for metabolite profiling in marine macroalgal...

The extracellularpolymericsubstances (EPS) secreted by Bacillus flexus (GU592213) was estimated to have the molecular weight of approximately 1528 and 33686 kDa with the elemental composition of Na, P, Mg, C, O, Cl and S. The 1H NMR and FT-IR analysis of EPS confirmed the presence of different aliphatic and aromatic groups. The EPS was amorphous in...

An extracellular exo-β-agarase was characterized from an endophytic bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. isolated from the red alga Gracilaria dura. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity with a recovery of 28.2% and a purity fold of 8.33. The purified enzyme was composed of single polypeptide with a molecular mass of about 66 kDa. The enzyme exhibited...