Cristina-Crenguta Albu

Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy | UMF CD

The oral mycobiome plays a critical role in maintaining oral and systemic health, with its composition and function influenced by various physiological and environmental factors. This descriptive review explores the changes in the oral mycobiome among postmenopausal women, examining how aging and associated inflammatory processes contribute to thes...

Cleft lip and/or palate are prevalent congenital anomalies. Early and accurate diagnosis allows proper case management. The Objective: This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between cleft lip and palate and other congenital anomalies. Methods: This study analyzed 17 pregnancies prenatally diagnosed with cleft lip and p...

Background: (1) Periodontal disease (PD) is a globally prevalent chronic inflammatory condition, exacerbated by the dysbiosis of the oral microbiota. This study aims to evaluate the bacterial load of specific periodontopathogenic bacteria in patients with malocclusions (MAL) compared to those without. (2) Methods: Conducted at the “Carol Davila” Un...

Numerous studies have proven the important role of the oral microbiota in health and disease. The dysfunctionality of the oral microbiota, known as dysbiosis, is incriminated in dental caries, periodontal disease, oral infectious diseases, oral cancer, and systemic disease. The lesser-known component of the oral microbiota, the mycobiota, is now as...

(1) Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the benefit of combining chlorhexidine with the mechanical treatment of peri-implant mucositis. (2) Methods: Articles from 2016 to 2021 included in the PubMed and Scopus databases were analyzed, following the PICOS criteria and the randomized controlled study model that used chlorhexidine in vari...

Vitamins, exogenous organic compounds that play a vital role in metabolic reactions, and fundamental powerful antioxidants with a crucial role in the genetic transcription process, are considered essential nutritional factors. Folic acid (FA), also known as folate, or Vitamin B9, plays an indispensable role in various intracellular reactions, being...

Background and aims: The early detection of dental crowding and its potential for aggravation is important during the clinical examination of mixed dentition patients, and these desiderates can be addressed by including among the clinically assessed items a series of accessible morphological characteristics of teeth and dental arches. The present...

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the improvement of periodontal health in patients with periodontitis treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy and subgingival-administrated local and systemic antimicrobial agents. A female teenager with periodontitis-associated health issues and a history of dental trauma was selected for this...

Currently, the concept of oro-dental prophylaxis and prevention is becoming more and more publicized among the population. These notions promote both the prevention of the development of dento-periodontal and oral structures diseases, diagnosing the diseases of the oral cavity and stopping their evolution, as well as the prevention of complications...

Nowadays, eating habits and lifestyles are moving towards a diet high in sugars and carbohydrates, which is extremely harmful to both oral integrity and systemic health. The aim of the study was to identify the variations between the bacterial plaque formed in carious lesions, infected root canals and prosthetic components, in comparison with comme...

Bilateral renal agenesis/hypoplasia/dysplasia is a lethal malformation in humans with an incidence of 1.3 per 10,000 live births. In the etiology of bilateral renal agenesis/hypoplasia/dysplasia, the genetic factor plays an important role. In addition to genetic factors, the etiology of bilateral renal agenesis/hypoplasia/dysplasia also involves th...

Vitamins are essential for the proper functioning of the body, and Folic Acid, also known as Vitamin B9, has many benefits for the body. Folic Acid contributes to the normal development of the fetus, preventing the risk of fetal birth defects, mainly represented by neural tube defects and orofacial clefts. At the same time, Folic Acid deficiency ca...

The research was carried out on a representative group of patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We studied the distribution of patients by sex, age group, and disease stage, and we also tried to identify a genetic marker. In this sense, the blood groups of all RA patients were determined. In the study group, the frequency of patients w...

Burn healing should be regarded as a dynamic process consisting of two main, interrelated phases: (a) the inflammatory phase when neutrophils and monocytes infiltrate the injury site, through localized vasodilation and fluid extravasation, and (b) the proliferative-remodeling phase, which represents a key event in wound healing. In the skin, both c...

Lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune multi-factorial inflammatory condition of the mucocutaneous skin that mainly interests the skin and oral mucosa. Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) affects 0.5 to 1% of the world's population and all human races equally. The factors that act as triggers of autoimmune processes and determine the appearance of OLP are repr...

Alopecia areata (AA) is a genetic and autoimmune-mediated disease which specifically targets anagen hair follicles. The disease affects children and adults, men, as well as women, and is characterized by round or oval patches of hair loss. We are presenting here a spectacular case, extremely rare, of AA localized at the level of the scalp, which wa...

Congenitally missing teeth, the most common dental anomaly, refers to teeth whose germ did not develop sufficiently to allow the differentiation of the dental tissues. This study aimed to determine the importance of genetic investigations on oral health-related quality of life in children with congenitally missing lateral incisors. We are presentin...

In the recent years, the number of patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances is permanently increasing, as well as their interest for esthetic treatment issues. One potential unwanted consequence of orthodontic therapy is the onset of white spot lesions on teeth enamel during treatment. The present review includes studies published between...

(1) Background: Orthodontic appliances have changed and improved with the increasing demand for orthodontic treatment of the general population. Patients desire for shorter orthodontic treatments and for the wearing of more aesthetic devices has led to the technological development of orthodontic brackets; these were manufactured from aesthetic mat...

Aim. To evaluate the reasons for seeking dental care for children and teenagers attending an emergency clinic and the proportion of single visits treatments. Material and methods. A retrospective study was made on 500 children and teenagers (252 girls), mean age 13.91±2.3 years, who attended the emergency office from the Paedodontics Department of...

Introduction: Dental agenesis (DA), brings together the anodontia, oligodontia, hypodontia, characterized by a deficit in the development of a variable number of teeth. The objectives of the study were to illustrate the phenotypic variability of non-syndromic DA, to identify cases of DA with hereditary genetic transmission, and establish the mode...

Introduction: An estimated 12.5% of couples experiencing fertility problems and almost 12% of reproductive age women have turned to health services at least once due to infertility. First trimester miscarriage is the most common clinical manifestation of infertility associated with a genetic cause. Patients, materials and methods: The scientific...

Dento-alveolar disharmony with crowding is a common reason for orthodontic treatment with not fully understood or unequivocally demonstrated causes. This study investigated the correlations between teeth dimensions, arch lengths, and crowding during the mixed dentition period. A cross-sectional study on 100 dental casts of patients with class I mal...

Carotenoids loaded in nanoparticles should be regarded as a promising way to increase the availability in healthy cells and to induce apoptosis in cancer. Lutein is a carotenoid that, in contrast to beta-carotene, has no known toxicities. Oral cancer represents one of the most frequent types of cancer world-wide with an incidence rate of about 9% o...

Dentin and enamel loss related to trauma or especially caries is one of the most common pathological issues in dentistry that requires restoration of the teeth by using materials with appropriate properties. The composite resins represent dental materials with significant importance in today’s dentistry, presenting important qualities, including th...

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition which affects the covering and support structures of the teeth and, if left untreated, leads to tooth loss. Resorption of the alveolar bone from bi- and trifurcation regions of a multirooted tooth due to the progression of a periodontal disease bears involvement furcation. The degree of furcation inv...

This research illustrates a complex, observational, longitudinal, comparative and noninterventional biometric study on the evaluation, in dynamics, of stature-weight development, in children with Down syndrome (DS), compared to children with varying degrees of mental retardation (MR), by repeatedly determining their height and weight, as well as by...

We present a unique association of fetal malformations very early diagnosed by ultrasoundexamination, at 14 weeks of gestation. A 28-year-old pregnant female, was addressed in a privatemedical center from Bucharest, Romania, for a routine ultrasound screening. A detailed ultrasoundevaluation of the fetus showed numerous and significant cephalic and...

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has generated an unprecedented pandemic worldwide for the past 100 years. The healthcare systems have been profoundly challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic; also, tendencies of socio-economic and cultural changes have been observed during this period. One of the professions most affected by this pandemic is dentistry. For dental...

Ventriculomegaly (VM) is a descriptive term, indicating the enlargement of the ventricles of the brain. We present the case of a 32-year-old primiparous women, at 18 weeks of pregnancy, who was referred in our clinic for a routine prenatal ultrasound examination. The ultrasound scan highlighted a single malformed fetus with several major abnormalit...

When we discuss the genetics of tumors, we cannot fail to remember that in the second decade of the twentieth century, more precisely in 1914, Theodore Boveri defined for the first time the chromosomal bases of cancer. In the last 30 years, progresses in genetics have only confirmed Boveri's remarkable predictions made more than 80 years ago. Befor...

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a dramatic human brain malformation sequence with an extreme variable phenotypic spectrum and genetic heterogeneity, variable degree of severity and unknown etiology, in many cases. HPE is classified into syndromic, chromosomal, and non-syndromic, non-chromosomal. The most cases of HPE are syndromic. We present an atypica...

Background: Numerical dental anomalies, through their phenotypic diversity and etiological complexity, represent a very topical chapter in dental practice. In Romania, there is no recent complex genetic study, regarding supernumerary teeth (ST), as a whole. Patients, materials and methods: In this research, through the specific genetic study of...

Introduction: Orofacial clefts are important congenital malformations of the lip, palate, or both caused by complex genetic and environmental factors. Aims and Objectives: The present study aims to highlight the phenotypic heterogeneity of trisomy 13 mosaicism. Material and Methods: We present one clinical case of a 30-year-old, Caucasian woman who...

Tooth impaction is a pathological condition where a tooth fails to attain its normal functional position. The present study aims to highlight the phenotypic heterogeneity of impacted third molars in a Caucasian family, to investigate the characteristics of the dental phenotype, to evidence the diversity of dental phenotype, and to identify the inhe...

Oral and facial piercing as a form of body art are being observed more frequently in medical and dental practices [1]. The use of oral piercings and especially the piercing of the tongue is mainly related to a series of local complications and individuals who decide to use piercings should be aware of such complications [2]. This article presents t...

Every year, an estimated 7.9 million infants (6% of worldwide births) are born with serious birth defects [1]. Congenital cardiovascular defects make up one of the largest groups of severe congenital malformations [2].The incidence of congenital heart defects in different studies varies from about 4/1,000 to 50/1,000 live births [3]. Congenital hea...

Preeclampsia represents a pregnancy-related disease which affects both the mother and the fetus. It s an important cause of materno-fetal morbidity and mortality. The placenta seems to be the main cause because after placental removal preeclampsia is no longer present. Placental examination is crucial and can reveal important information about this...

It was performed a case-control study, that included totally 187 pregnant women hospitalized in Obstetrical-Gynecology Department of Prof. Dr. Panait Sarbu Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. The selection criteria for case sample were: age over 30 years, history of malformative risk, clinical exam that emphasised malformations and ultrasound examination...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-system autosomal recessive disorder, results of mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, located on the long arm of chromosome 7. We present a special family couple with particular medical history of CF, who comes to our Clinic for genetic tests and a prenatal genetic counseling, to preven...

Prenatal diagnosis of disorder of sex development (DSD) is very rare and is estimated to occur in 1∕2500 pregnancies. A group of DSDs are the 46,XX testicular DSD. Today, the incidence of 46,XX testicular DSD is estimated at 1∕20 000 newborn males. A majority of males with DSD have an unbalanced X;Y exchange involving the pseudoautosomal region, wi...

We present the case of a patient with the following diagnosis: 29 weeks pregnancy in evolution, fetal achondroplasia with orofacial manifestations: macrocephaly, domed forehead, depressed nasal bridge, maxillary hypoplasia and general manifestations: short fingers, swelling of the back of the hand, increased angle between the femoral head and the f...

We report the rare case of a fetus diagnosed in utero as early as 16 weeks with a growing lateral abdominal wall hemangioma. Ultrasonography confirms space occupying lesion and Colour Doppler ultrasound examination proves the vascularity of lesion. Fetal MRI was performed at 27 weeks and confirmed the localization, neither of the internal organs be...

We present the rare case of a 42-year-old Caucasian female which was investigated in our service at 16 weeks of gestation for high risk of Down's syndrome following a prenatal screening test. Before amniocentesis, the control ultrasound discovered the presence of a cleft palate. Samples of maternal blood and amniotic fluid were obtained in order to...

We report a rare case of a 32-year-old Caucasian female, pregnant for the first time, who was referred at weeks' gestation for a routine prenatal ultrasound examination. Methods : Selective ultrasonography for detection of fetal abnormalities, 3D and 4D live scan, with GE-Voluson Echograph E8, amniocentesis, fetal karyotype and OF-PCR were performe...

We report a case of a 29 year old female. Ultrasound examination showed a fetus with: cleft lip and cleft palate, ocular hypertelorism, polydactyly and polycystic kidney. Amniocentesis was performed and the fetal chromosomal analysis indicated a normal cytogenetic female, karyotype: 46XX. Further genetic investigations were done. After genetical co...

Unlabelled: Heterotopic mesenteric ossification is a rare clinical entity with less than 40 reported cases. Moreover, heterotopic mesenteric ossification around a stoma is described in fewer cases. Case presentation: An 81-year-old male patient, who underwent a sigmoidectomy two years ago for a sigmoid colon cancer, was admitted in our Departmen...

Placental damage may be responsible for the fetal complications in pregnancies complicated by diabetes. We have analyzed the prevalence of gestational diabetes (GD) in a population of 109 pregnant women, the risk factors and the placental changes associated with gestational diabetes. Tests carried out were oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks...

In this article, we report a case of pregnancy obtained in an infertile couple diagnosed with severe male factor infertility. The couple attended for fertility examination reporting a history of 10 years of infertility. The cause of infertility was obstructive azoospermia. The treatment consists of in vitro fertilization (IVF). The ovarian stimulat...

Borderline Brenner tumors represent quite a rare entity of ovarian tumors (about 2%) that develop from the surface ovarian epithelium. They are formed from papillary structures made of fibrovascular conjunctive axes covered by a transition epithelium, similar to the urinary bladder epithelium. According to the WHO classification, Brenner tumors pre...

The implementation of assisted reproduction has increased the incidence of multiple pregnancies. Prenatal death of one fetus in the second trimester of twin pregnancy confronts the obstetrician with a difficult problem with regard to the management of pregnancy. The scarcity of the condition and the absence of the large-scale studies make it diffic...

Ovarian epithelial tumors are the most common ovarian neoplasms, standing for more than half of all ovarian tumors. Borderline ovarian tumors represent a distinct group recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), histologically distinct low ovarian carcinomas. They are tumors with low grade of malignancy with good progress and prognosis. The...

Introduction: An adnexal mass (mass of the ovary, Fallopian tube, or surrounding connective tissues) is a common gynecological problem. Ovarian pathology can occur at any time from fetal life to menopause. Sonography is a clinically important imaging modality for assessing whether an adnexal mass is likely benign or possibly malignant. Most ovaria...

Background: Introduced as an invasive method for biopsying the placenta, chorionic villus sampling remains the method of choice for establishing prenatal diagnosis during the first trimester of gestation. The procedure is addressed to women with high risk of conceiving a fetus with genetic disorders, while offering low morbidity and mortality. Meth...

Introduction: The most commonly encountered tooth among the supernumeraries is the mesiodens. A genetic cause has often been revealed, suggested by the familial pattern. Objectives: To analyze the variability of this supernumerary tooth as shown in the clinical cases. We want to investigate the transmission pattern through family members. Methods:...

The work presented is a clinical and genetical trial of a couple with a reproductive failure and a family history of chro-mosomal abnormalities. The most reliable and accurate methods used for antenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome fetuses are highlighted.

We report a case of a 30 year old pregnant woman. Ultrasound examination showed severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and an omphalocele. Amniocentesis was performed and the fetal chromosomal analysis showed mosaic trisomy 18. Further genetic investigations were done. The pregnancy was terminated one week later. Autopsy confirmed the ultras...

We present the rare case of a 27-year-old Caucasian female which was admitted in our service at 27 weeks of gestation after beig discovered with left fetal hydrothorax during routine prenatal ultrasound. Samples of maternal blood and amniotic fluid (trough amniocentesis) were obtained in order to establish the cause (immune or non-immune) and fetal...

We report a case of a 31 year old female. Ultrasound examination showed bilateral hyperechoic kidneys with multiple cysts and poor corticomedullary differentiation. The kidneys were increased in size and color Doppler showed normal bilateral renal arteries present. Amniocentesis was performed and the fetal chromosomal analysis highlighted an invers...

Introduced as an invasive method for biopsying the placenta, the chorionic villus sampling remains the method of choice for establishing a prenatal diagnosis during the first trimester of gestation. The procedure is addressed to women with a high risk of conceiving a fetus with genetic disorders, while offering low morbidity and mortality, and it i...

We present the rare case of a 27-year-old Caucasian female which was admitted in our service at 27 weeks of gestation after beig discovered with left fetal hydrothorax during routine prenatal ultrasound. Samples of maternal blood and amniotic fluid (trough amniocentesis) were obtained in order to establish the cause (immune or non-immune) and fetal...

Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies with an increasing incidence and prevalence. As in other malignancies, nor etiology, neither pathogenesis of colorectal cancer are well known. The link between inflammation and colorectal cancer has become a major concern in the past 20 years, since several clinical trials have shown that p...

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are lifelong disorders, characterized by the chronic inflammation of all or part of our digestive tract. Cytokines have an essential role in the pathogenesis of IBDs, because they control the inflammatory response, and the disequilibrium of pro-inflammatory÷anti-inflammatory...

Objective: A population screening was carried out to determine the frequency, to describe the clinical forms and to detect the cases of familial nonsyndromic distomolar among the patients assigned to an urban dental clinic in the western Romania. Method: The study was carried out on a lot of 2267 subjects, Caucasian adults, of both sexes. An...

It is presented a case of hydrolethalus syndrom to a pacient who initialy was diagnosed with isolated borderline ventriculomegaly;the pacient has a multiple developmental defect of a fetus in her family at a II grade relative. The pregnant woman was scanned in our clinic from 26-33 weeks of gestation.; the fetus was born with sever neonatal respira...

Objective: The aim of the study is to demonstrate the importance of 3D/4D ultrasound in evaluation of the orofacial defects, in improving the bonding between the child and his parents, and to establish a future plan with multidisciplinary team. Methods: We examined 68 patients sent to us with diagnosis of cleft lips after 2D scanning and we use two...

Backgroudn and Aims: Using specific targeted anticonvulsivants in the postasphzxia seizures could result in an earlier control of these and less drug-associated toxicity. The aim of the study was to investigate if there are certain features in the case of newborns with postasphyxial seizures to predict that these will be controlled by only by Lidoc...