Cristina Canteros

• PhD
• Jefe de Servicio at Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (Argentina)

El Departamento Micología (DM) del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas produce cultivos de referencia certificados (CRC) desecados en discos de papel según la norma ISO/IEC 17034:2016 para utilizar en control de calidad de ensayos microbiológicos. Para evaluar la conmutabilidad se realizó un estudio interlaboratorio con 31 participantes...

La institución, como Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia (LNR) y coordinadora de Redes de Laboratorio asiste al diagnóstico referencial, la vigilancia y el control de patologías fúngicas del país. Para demostrar la exactitud y confiabilidad de sus resultados, el LNR desde 2013 (11 rondas) está subscripto al programa “Mycology and Aerobic Actinomycet...

Rapid and accurate yeasts species identification in clinical laboratories is important for appropriate and timely antifungal treatment. We evaluate the performance of the new medium CHROMagar™ Candida Plus for presumptive identification of yeasts species and MALDI-TOF identification. We identify 303 strains belonging to 60 clinically relevant yeast...

This study aimed to perform a seroepidemiological survey on the prevalence of sporotrichosis among cats living in the Northern area of Buenos Aires, where a four-fold increase of Sporothrix brasiliensis infections were diagnosed during the last decade. For this purpose, an in-house indirect ELISA test sensitized with S. brasiliensis crude antigens...

Information on paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) in Argentina is fragmented and has historically been based on estimates, supported only by a series of a few reported cases. Considering the lack of global information, a national multicentric study in order to carry out a more comprehensive analysis was warranted. We present a data analysis including dem...

The aim of this study was to determine the genotypic diversity of 22 Cryptococcus gattii species complex clinical isolates from Argentina and to place these genotypes within the diversity of clinical, veterinary and environmental isolates from Latin America. Mating type and antifungal susceptibility of the isolates were also determined. By URA5-RFL...

Infocus 2022 XX Reunión de Expertos en Micología Clínica El Departamento Micología (DM) del INEI produce cultivos de referencia certificados (CRC) según la norma ISO/IEC 17034:2016 para utilizar en el control interno de métodos y en Programas de Control Externo de la Calidad. Para su validación se realizó un estudio interlaboratorio con 31 partici...

Histoplasmosis is a major cause of mortality in individuals with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease (AHD). We evaluated in patients with AHD a lateral flow assay (LFA) developed by MiraVista® Diagnostics (MVD LFA). Histoplasmosis was defined based on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Inf...

Background: The Americas are home to biologically and clinically diverse endemic fungi, including Blastomyces, Coccidioides, Emergomyces, Histoplasma, Paracoccidioides and Sporothrix. In endemic areas with high risk of infection, these fungal pathogens represent an important public health problem. Objectives: This report aims to summarise the ma...

We report a case of disseminated histoplasmosis and COVID-19 infection in a renal transplant recipient in Argentina. The patient exhibited respiratory symptoms, and a chest computed tomography scan (CT) showed multiple bilateral centrilobular opacities with a tree-in-bud pattern in both lobes. The patient was initially treated as having bacterial c...

Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus associated with respiratory and systemic infections in mammalian hosts that have inhaled infective mycelial propagules. A phylogenetic reconstruction of this pathogen, using partial sequences of arf, H-anti, ole1, and tub1 protein-coding genes, proposed that H. capsulatum has at least 11 phylogenetic spe...

The National Quality Control Program in Mycology (PNCCM) of Argentina was established in 1996 to improve the quality of the mycological diagnosis, to help establish and to set up standardized procedures and continuous training of laboratory staff. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the PNCCM in the 1996–2018 period. Data from...

Histoplasmosis is a worldwide systemic endemic mycosis caused by several cryptic species included within the Histoplasma capsulatum complex. Domestic and wild mammals are susceptible to infection by this fungus and could be used as indicators of its presence in the environment. The aim of the study was to identify the natural reservoirs of H. capsu...

Purpose of Review This review summarizes the analysis of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequencing of Coccidioides spp. strains isolated in the endemic region of coccidioidomycosis in Argentina, to be able to associate the presence of a specific fungal genotype with a specific geographical region. Recent Findings Recent studies have focuse...

The yeast phase of 22 Histoplasma capsulatum clinical isolates from Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, and Guatemala and three reference strains, one from Panama and two from the United States of America (USA), were screened for thermosensitivity characteristics using different analyses. Growth curves at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 30 h of incubation at 37 and...

The aim of this work was to know the frequency and geographical distribution of genotypes and mating types of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complexes isolated from human infections in Argentina during the period from April 2009 to April 2011. A multicenter study was conducted, in which 372 isolates were obtained from 61 la...

Background: Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease, endemic in South America, and seldom reported in paediatrics. Aims: To report the epidemiology, clinical features and outcome of children diagnosed with histoplasmosis in an Argentinian Children's Hospital. Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was performed from January 2008 to December...

Mycelial basidiomycetes rarely produce mycoses in animals including humans. We report a case of a 9-year-old female mongrel dog with lesions in the prescapular lymph nodes. The histopathology of a lymph node sample showed flexuous septate hyphae, and a sterile mold grew in culture from that specimen. DNA sequencing of the ITS region allowed us to i...

Histo-plasmosis and leishmaniasis are neglected and endemic diseases in Argentina, and generally are found associated with immunosuppression. We report the case of an immunocompetent 16-years-old man with simultaneous occurrence of central nervous system histoplasmosis and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Upon admission, the patient showed a one-month old...

Coccidioidomycosis is a highly prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America and has been reported (human and zoonotic cases) in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Argentina. The incidence of coccidioidomycosis in Latin America is unknown due to the lack of clinical awareness and limited access to laborat...

We studied the genetic diversity and the population structure of human isolates of Histoplasma capsulatum , the causative agent of histoplasmosis, using a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) assay to identify associations with the geographic distribution of isolates from Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia and Argentina....

El conocimiento, diagnóstico, manejo y pronóstico de la Enfermedad Fúngica Invasora (EFI) en los pacientes inmunodeprimidos o con enfermedades de base, sigue siendo un tema complejo de abordar. En los últimos años, debido a los avances médicos y el uso de técnicas novedosas cada vez más invasivas y tratamientos cada vez más inmunosupresores, se ha...

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is among the systemic mycoses which are endemic only in Latin America. In Argentina, the vast majority of the cases are reported at north of latitude 34.5° S. The disease is produced by thermodimorphic fungi of the genus Paracoccidoides: P. brasiliensis (S1), P. americana (PS2), P. restrepiensis (PS3), P. venezuelensis...

We studied 23 clinical and environmental strains of Sporothrix schenckii sensu lato collected from 1984 to 2017 in Argentina. The molecular identification (partial sequencing of a fragment of the calmodulin gene) of the strains was performed. For the yeast and mycelial phases, the in vitro susceptibility testing by a microdilution reference method...

Background: No reliable data are available in the province of Buenos Aires regarding the frequency of dermatophytoses and other fungal diseases. The distribution of the clinical forms and the species involved are also unknown. Aims: To present the data collected by the laboratories participating in the Mycology Network of the province of Buenos...

Purpose of Review Cryptococcal meningitis is the most common fungal infection of the central nervous system and the third most frequent neurological complication in AIDS patients. To understand the Argentinean epidemiology of cryptococcosis, several efforts have been made by the National Reference Laboratory in Clinical Mycology. Recent Findings I...

The case of a 60 year old woman with hemoptysis and a thin-walled cavitary lesion at the upper lobe of the right lung is presented. The woman presented at the Mycology Unit of the Muñiz Hospital in Buenos Aires City 3 months after the beginning of her clinical manifestations. A hyaline micelial fungus with chlamido-arthroconidias was isolated from...

Micosis sistémica por Inonotus tropicalis en un perro doméstico Introducción Las micosis por Inonotus tropicalis fueron recientemente documentadas en el hombre y animales. Uno de los principales inconvenientes para su diagnóstico radica en que estos basidiomicetos rara vez exhiben características morfológicas que permitan su identificación. Resumen...

Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii are the etiologic agents of coccidioidomycosis, an endemic fungal disease of the Americas. In Colombia, this mycosis is uncommon, and only five cases, two of them imported, have been documented. By means of DNA sequencing, C. immitis was identified in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues samples f...

HIV/AIDS is not a neglected disease. Histoplasmosis is not considered a neglected disease in North America. However, in South America, it should be. It often affects neglected populations and represents a lethal blind spot of the HIV/AIDS data collection systems. Counts of new AIDS cases and AIDS-related deaths are useful to follow the epidemic; ho...

Antecedentes Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico en el que participaron cinco laboratorios miembros de la red MICOMOL a partir del programa CYTED. Los participantes recibieron un panel que contenía muestras de ADN de Histoplasma capsulatum, al igual que paneles con muestras de control negativas y de reacciones cruzadas. Objetivos el objetivo del p...

Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii cause coccidioidomycosis, a disease that is endemic to North and South America, but for Central America, the incidence of coccidioidomycosis has not been clearly established. Several studies suggest genetic variability in these fungi; however, little definitive information has been discovered about the variabil...

Background In Argentina, there are no reports of autochthonous cases of histoplasmosis in the southern regions of the country. Aim To report a histoplasmosis outbreak in Zapala town, Province of Neuquén, Patagonia Argentina. Methods We evaluated the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 5 patients involved in the outbreak. Environmental...

As the distribution of Candida species and their susceptibility to antifungal agents have changed, a new means of accurately and rapidly identifying these species is necessary for the successful early resolution of infection and the subsequent reduction of morbidity and mortality. The current work aimed to evaluate ribosomal RNA gene sequencing for...

Background During 4 months, and while conducting an environmental sampling of air, 2 cases of aspergillosis by Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) were diagnosed at an oncohematological center in Buenos Aires, Argentina.AimsThe aim of this study was to know the variability and the genetic relationship between the clinical and environmental isolates, obt...

BACKGROUND: During 4 months, and while conducting an environmental sampling of air, 2 cases of aspergillosis by Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) were diagnosed at an oncohematological center in Buenos Aires, Argentina. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to know the variability and the genetic relationship between the clinical and environmental isol...

The genetic diversity of 47 Histoplasma capsulatum isolates from infected bats captured in Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina was studied, using sequence polymorphism of a 240-nucleotides (nt) fragment, which includes the (GA)(n) length microsatellite and its flanking regions within the HSP60 gene. Three human clinical strains were used as geographic re...

Se describe un brote de histoplasmosis que afectó a 6 cadetes de la Fuerza Aérea Argentina, sin antecedentes patológicos previos. Todos consultaron por problemas respiratorios después de haber limpiado un hangar. En ese recinto se encontraron abundantes deyecciones de animales, presuntamente de palomas y murciélagos. Los pacientes sufrieron fiebre,...

Los casos clínicos de coccidioidomicosis en Argentina son pocos y han tenido lugar fundamentalmente en la extensa región árida precordillerana. Este trabajo tiene como objetivos realizar una revisión retrospectiva del total de casos de coccidioidomicosis documentados en Argentina desde el año 1892 hasta 2009 y describir una serie de casos ocurridos...

Histoplasma capsulatum is the agent of histoplasmosis, a deep mycosis mainly afflicting immunocompromised patients. Rapid identification of the fungus isolated from clinical specimens allows timely administration of specific treatment. To assess the ability of a dual PCR system targeting specific H. capsulatum DNA sites to identify fungal species i...

A histoplasmosis outbreak affecting 6 previously healthy Air Force cadets is herein presented. The patients suffered from fever and respiratory symptoms after having cleaned an abandoned hangar soiled with pigeons and bat droppings. They all presented fever, myalgia, tachypnea, and nonproductive cough. Chest X-ray and CT scan studies showed dissemi...

Clinical cases of coccidioidomycosis are rare in Argentina and are generally found in the large arid precordilleran area of the country. This study aims to perform a retrospective review of all coccidioidomycosis cases documented in the country from 1892 to 2009, and to describe those occurring in the last 4 years. One hundred and twenty eight case...

Three fungal species causing human disease, namely Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides sp., are endemic in different areas of Argentina. Rates of infection in domestic dogs have been used in other Latin American countries as indicators of the presence of these pathogens in a given area. We used such an approach to...

To assess the value of using whole blood samples for the molecular diagnosis of histoplasmosis, we applied an in-house DNA extraction method and a nested PCR targeting a 210 bp specific segment of the Histoplasma capsulatum HcP100 gene. A whole blood volume of 2.5-3 milliliters was centrifuged and the cellular pellet was treated with Trichoderma ha...

Molecular diagnosis of human histoplasmosis in whole blood samples. To assess the value of using whole blood samples for the molecular diagnosis of histoplasmosis, we applied an in-house DNA extraction method and a nested PCR targeting a 210 bp specific segment of the Histoplasma capsulatum HcP100 gene. A whole blood volume of 2.5-3 milliliters was...

In 1892 Alejandro Posadas described the first worldwide case of coccidioidomycosis in a patient named Domingo Escurra. A preserved necropsy piece from the patient's remains is conserved in the Museum of Pathology of the Medical School, Buenos Aires University. Paraffin-embedded specimens obtained from this piece served to identify the fungus involv...

El género Malassezia ha sido revisado recientemente y, hasta el momento, se acepta que incluye 11 especies, que no siempre pueden ser diferenciadas mediante pruebas fisiológicas y morfológicas. En este trabajo se investigó la concordancia entre las pruebas fenotípicas y un método molecular rápido en la identificación de especies de ese género. Se a...

The genus Malassezia has been recently revised and nowadays includes 11 species that cannot always be differentiated from each other by physiological and morphological tests. This study was aimed to evaluate the correlation between a molecular method and conventional phenotypic features in the identification of Malassezia spp. To achieve this aim,...

We herein report the results of a retrospective nationwide survey on mycoses diagnosed between January and December, 2004. The study included data provided by 72 laboratories located in 19 provinces and in Buenos Aires City. Out of 801,805 microbiological specimens processed that year, only 62,681 (8%) were submitted to mycological studies. A total...

In order to standardize and evaluate a disk diffusion method with visual reading to detect in vitro fluconazole susceptibility of yeast, 1193 clinical isolates were tested. These included 584 Candida albicans, 196 Candida parapsilosis, 200 Candida tropicalis, 113 Candida glabrata, 50 Candida krusei and 50 Candida spp. and other opportunistic yeasts...

Los caninos coexisten estrechamente con los humanos, compartiendo su medio ambiente y difícilmente se trasladan fuera del área donde nacen, lo que los convierte en excelentes centinelas epidemiológicos. Estos animales son susceptibles de adquirir las micosis producidas por Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc) y Paracoccidioides brasiliensis pudiendo generar...

Por primera vez en la Argentina se describe una cepa de Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum con morfotipo aberrante, obtenida de un paciente con SIDA. En los primocultivos desarrollados en agar Sabouraud a 25-28 °C, las colonias de la fase micelial fueron blancas, glabras, umbilicadas, centralmente radiadas y de bordes regulares, más semejantes...

For the first time in Argentina, we describe a strain of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum with an aberrant morphology that was isolated from a single patient with AIDS. Mycelial phase cultures on agar Sabouraud at 25-28 degrees C showed white, glabrous, umbilicated and centrally radiated colonies. Unusual microscopic findings were the absence...

RESUMEN La incidencia de candidemias aumentó aproximadamente en un 500% en hospitales de alta complejidad y se obser-vó un cambio en la distribución de especies del género Candida, con un incremento de las levaduras no Candida albicans. Con el objeto de conocer la distribución de especies asociadas a fungemias por levaduras en Argentina y determina...

The incidence of candidemia has increased approximately 500% in high-complexity hospitals. A change in the spectrum of Candida infections due to species other than Candida albicans has also been detected. Between April 1999 and April 2000 a multicenter study was performed in order to determine the species distribution associated to candidemias in A...

Intact chromosomes of 19 clinical isolates of Histoplasma capsulatum recently obtained in Argentina, Mexico and Guatemala and the laboratory reference strain G186B from Panama were analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Chromosomal banding patterns of the human isolates revealed 5-7 bands, ranging from 1.3 to 10 Mbp in size. Strain G186B...

Se comunica el primer aislamiento de Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum de un murciélago macho de la especie Eumops bonariensis, capturado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires en 2003. Los aislamientos fueron recuperados de bazo e hígado e identificados fenotípicamente. Se los comparó por PCR, con 17 aislamientos clínicos, 12 de pacientes residentes en...

We report the first isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum from a male bat Eumops bonariensis captured in Buenos Aires city in 2003. The pathogen was recovered from spleen and liver specimens, and was identified by its phenotypic characteristics. PCR with primers 1283, (GTG)5, (GACA)4 and M13 was used to compare both bat isolates with...

The ploidy, karyotype, and chromosome length polymorphism (CLP) of human pathogenic fungi were revised with emphasis on Histoplasma capsulatum, the causative agent of the systemic mycosis, histoplasmosis. Currently, different systems of gel electrophoresis are being used to determine fungal electrokaryotypes (EK). By renaturation kinetic and genomi...

SUMMARY Immunodiagnosis of endemic mycoses and bronchopulmonary aspergilosis: A multicenter study in Argentina. In order to contribute to the knowledge of the relative frequency of chronic fungal diseases and assess the performance of diagnostic laboratories in Argentina, a multicenter study was performed with the participation of 25 medical center...

In order to contribute to the knowledge of the relative frequency of chronic fungal diseases and assess the performance of diagnostic laboratories in Argentina, a multicenter study was performed with the participation of 25 medical centers located in 12 different provinces and Buenos Aires City. Between 04-01-2000 and 03-30-2001, 965 serum specimen...

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The epidemiology of Malassezia genus is poorly understood; geographical and population factors might have influence on the species distribution. The aim of this work was to determine the frequency of Malassezia species involved in skin diseases in a diagnostic center at Buenos Aires City. From 02/01/1999 to 10/31/2001, 456 skin specimens from 447 p...

Two strains of C. neoformans var. gattii serotype B were isolated from a park in Buenos Aires city, Argentina. Samples were collected in spring, rubbing with swabs on the inner hollow of Eucalyptus spp. and other trees, which were not identified at the collection moment. Samples were swabbed directly onto cafeic acid with antibiotic agar, then incu...

C. neoformans (Cn) causes severe meningitis in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with AIDS. Little is known about Cn serotypes associated with human infections in Argentina due to the lack of antisera availability. The aim of this study was to produce these antisera, to serotype the Argentinean clinical isolates of Cn received at our l...

During the past decades, several studies have reported an increase in the incidence of nosocomial candidosis. In a prospective study, performed at the Departamento de Micología, INEI, ANLIS Dr. C. G. Malbrán and the Servicio de Neonatología and Microbiología, Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica, from October 1995 to December 1996, 167 patients wit...

The aim of our work was to determine the genotypic relatedness among H. capsulatum isolates from Argentinian patients with or without AIDS and isolates from other sources and geographic origins. We analyzed band patterns of 16 isolates obtained by RAPD-PCR, 11 Argentinian clinical isolates (8 from patients with AIDS and 3 from patients without AIDS...

We report the first case of maxillary sinusitis caused byActinomucor elegans in an 11-year-old patient. Histopathological and mycological examinations of surgical maxillary sinuses samples showed coenocytic hyphae characteristic of mucoraceous fungi. The fungi recovered had stolons and rhizoids, nonapophyseal and globose sporangia, and whorled bran...

Dermatomycoses are an important problem in dermatological pathology. In 1999, 6.8% of the ambulatory patients treated at the German Hospital Dermatology Department needed mycological differential diagnosis. The aim of this work is to determine the relationship between clinical presumptive diagnosis and mycological diagnosis and to describe the most...

Candida spp. colonization in neonates occurs due to vertical or horizontal transmission. Preliminary studies determined that Candida albicans is the principal agent of these infections. In order to establish nosocomial transmission, 26 Candida albicans strains isolated from patients with candidosis hospitalized during a 18-month period in 2 neonata...

We analyzed the in vitro infection process by P. brasiliensis and the effect of extracellular factor(s) produced on monolayers of mammalian Vero cell lines. The yeast phase of four strains was studied: B339 (avirulent or slightly virulent), U, (intermediate virulence), 93745 and 63265 (both highly virulent). Strains of intermediate and high virulen...

Infection with Cryptococcus neoformans is an increasing problem in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Amphotericin B and fluconazole are currently acceptable therapies for cryptococcal meningitis; however, their effects remain suboptimal and recurrence or treatment failure is still a prob...

The in vitro activities of three antifungal drugs alone and in combination were evaluated against five isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans using time-kill curves (TKC). The isolates were from AIDS patients who had either died or had failed to show a clinical response during amphotericin B (AMB) treatment. AMB, fluconazole (FCZ) and flucytosine (5FC...

Dermatomycoses are an important sanitary problem. Our country counts with partial epidemiological data only referred to a few geographical areas. The aim of our work was to perform a multicenter study with the participation of 15 medical centers located at the Capital City and in 11 Provinces of Argentina with different socioeconomical and cultural...

A multicenter study was performed between April and September 1998 with the participation of 12 medical centers located in 8 different provinces and in the capital city of Argentina. The aim of this study was to determine the species distribution and the antifungal susceptibility profile of isolates causing nosocomial fungal infections. All the fun...

In 1992, the NCCLS proposed a broth macrodilution method for determining the in vitro susceptibility of yeast. However, for dimorphic fungi no standardised method is available. The aim of our study was to evaluate the reference broth macrodilution method with isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The in vitro susceptibility of two ATCC strains...

A method for fungic antisera production against Aspergillus fumigatus, Histoplasma capsulatum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Coccidioides immitis in rabbits was evaluated. Intradermic via and antigen in the dilution used for routine tests (UD) were employed to produce positive control serum for immunodiffusion test in agar gel. A. fumigatus, H....

We report the first isolation of Candida dubliniensis in Argentina. This strain was isolated from an oral lesion of an adult patient with AIDS during one recurrent episode of a previously treated oropharingeal candidosis. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics coincided with those described by Sullivan et al., who was the first to study this new...

Human infection due to Microsporum gypseum is rare. Microsporum gypseum is a fungus distributed worldwide. Occasionaly, infected animals such as cats, dogs, horses and rodents are the source for the human disease. Onychomycosis caused by Microsporum gypseum are uncommon. We report here a female patient with onychomycosis in a toenail of the right f...

Candidiasis has increased its frequency over the last decade, particularly among hospitalized patients where it is accompanied with high rates of mortality, and in patients with AIDS who are predisposed to oropharyngeal or esophageal candidiasis. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of appearance of different yeast species and the r...

The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of appearance of different yeast species and the resistance profiles to current antifungal drugs in HIV patients with oropharingeal candidosis. One hundred-seventeen strains were isolated from 103 HIV patients with these characteristics. In vitro susceptibility tests were performed using a broth m...

A rapid method to evidence urease activity is described. Urea hydrolysis and consequent production ammonia are detected by a chemical reaction producing a blue phenol compound (indophenol blue). Three hundred and three yeast were tested. Out of 107 urease-positive organisms detected by Christensen's Urea Agar Test (CUAT) 102 were positive by our me...

A microdilution antifungal susceptibility test for yeasts was evaluated, based on the macro broth dilution method standardized by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) Subcommittee on Antifungal Susceptibility Testing. Both methods were compared using six reference strains with different patterns of susceptibility to the...

In a retrospective review of laboratory records at the Department of Mycology, National Institute of Microbiology "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", during the period June 1989-July 1991, 1225 putatively immunocompetent cases of superficial mycoses were identified. Ninety five percent of these patients were adults and 5% children. Among the total cases, derm...