Cristiano Codagnone

University of Milan | UNIMI · Department of Social and Political Sciences

In this study, we estimate the effect of a negative labour market shock on individuals’ levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. We use a dataset collected during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, on a representative sample of citizens from Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, interviewed on three occasions. We measure stress, anxiety and...

The exponential growth of data collection opens possibilities for analyzing data to address political and societal challenges. Still, European cities are not utilizing the potential of data generated by its citizens, industries, academia, and public authorities for their public service mission. The reasons are complex and relate to an intertwined s...

For about a decade, the concept of ‘digital sovereignty’ has been prominent in the European policy discourse. In the quest for digital sovereignty, the European Union has adopted a constitutional approach to protect fundamental rights and democratic values, and to ensure fair and competitive digital markets. Thus, ‘digital constitutionalism’ emerge...

This paper analyzes the development of the European Union's digital identity policy. The analysis focuses on the dynamics leading to a sudden shift from identity management as a sensitive topic under national competence towards a common, harmonized, user-centric European Digital Identity Framework layering on top of Member States' existing systems....

Commercial practices such as drip pricing, reference pricing and best-price guarantee can be used to set higher prices and mislead consumers, but protective measures can restore efficiency. In a placebo-controlled market experiment, we examined a treatment allowing for the use and misuse of commercial practices. Three additional treatments tested t...

We assess the impact on trust and trustworthiness of a governmental program to compensate victims of forced displacement. All our subjects were eligible to apply for restitution of their land in accordance with the 2011 “Bill of Victims” issued by the Colombian government. The key independent variable of our analysis is whether a subject had obtain...

Digitisation and automation technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), can affect working conditions in a variety of ways and their use in the workplace raises a host of new ethical concerns. Recently, the policy debate surrounding these concerns has become more prominent and has increasingly focused on AI. This report maps relevant Euro...

In this study, we estimate the effect of a negative labour market shock on individuals’ levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. We use a dataset collected during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, on a representative sample of citizens from Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, interviewed on three occasions. We measure stress, anxiety and...

Online platforms are two-sided or multisided markets whose main function is matching different groups (of producers, consumers, users, advertisers, i.e., hosts and guest in Airbnb, audiences and advertised in Google, etc.) that might otherwise find it more difficult to interact and possibly transact. Some of the potential critical issues associated...

In this article, we examine the expectations of the economic outlook, fear of the future, and behavioural change during the first Covid-19 wave, for three European countries (Spain, the United Kingdom, and Italy) that have been severely hit. We use a novel dataset that we collected to monitor the three countries during the crisis. As outcome variab...

In the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic, households throughout the world have to cope with negative shocks. Previous research has shown that negative shocks impair cognitive function and change risk, time and social preferences. In this study, we analyze the results of a longitudinal multi-country survey conducted in Italy (N = 1652), Spain...

During a pandemic, the government requires active compliance by citizens. While these demands can be enforced with rewards and punishments, legitimacy allows the government to achieve the same results with greater cost effectiveness. The way in which a government can acquire substantive legitimacy depends on how it communicates and justifies its de...

During a pandemic, the government requires active compliance by citizens. While these demands can be enforced with rewards and punishments, legitimacy allows the government to achieve the same results with greater cost effectiveness. In this article, we measure revealed legitimacy through support of three potential mitigation strategies against Cov...

Many different countries have been under lockdown or extreme social distancing measures to control the spread of COVID-19. The potentially far-reaching side effects of these measures have not yet been fully understood. In this study we analyse the results of a multi-country survey conducted in Italy (N = 3,504), Spain (N = 3,524) and the United Kin...

Currently, unprecedented series of events are taking place that affect the institutional structure of the world economy and the social fabric of our societies. In this article, we examine the expectations of the economic outlook, fear of the future, and behavioural change during the lockdown, for three European countries (Spain, the United Kingdom,...

In the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic, households throughout the world have to cope with negative shocks, either because of the disease or the various mitigation strategies that have caused massive unemployment and financial insecurity. Previous research has shown that negative shocks impair cognitive function and change risk, time and so...

Currently, many different countries are under lockdown or extreme social distancing measures to control the spread of COVID-19. The potentially far-reaching side effects of these measures have not yet been fully understood. In this study we analyse the results of a multi-country survey conducted in Italy (N=3,504), Spain (N=3,524) and the United Ki...

Purpose Given the increasing importance of political decision-making to reduce emission targets, the main purpose of the current paper is to identify and test the considerations that would nudge consumers towards an environmentally and health-friendly motor vehicle. Methods An online survey was conducted to assess public responses and the role of...

This critical and scoping review essay analyzes digital labor markets where laborintensive services are traded by matching requesters (employers and/or consumers) and providers (workers). It first discusses up to what extent labor platform can be treated as two-sided or multi-sided markets, and the implications of these classifications. It then mov...

This report presents the results of the research ‘Exploring Digital Government Transformation in the EU: understanding public sector innovation in a data-driven society’, in short DigiGov. The main goal of the research was to better understand how ICT-enabled innovation in the public sector can transform governance systems, and how governments can...

The JRC research on ‘Exploring Digital Government Transformation in the EU: understanding public sector innovation in a data-driven society’, in short DigiGov, was designed to contribute to the shedding of light on how ICT-enabled innovation in the public sector can transform systems of governance and support policy makers in better addressing syst...

This critical and scoping review essay analyses digital labour markets where labour-intensive services are traded by matching requesters (employers and/or consumers) and providers (workers). It first discusses to what extent labour platform can be treated as two-sided or multi-sided markets, and the implications of these classifications. It then mo...

In this paper, we develop a framework to analyze the relationship between evidence and policy. Postulating a normative criterion based on cost–benefit analysis and the value of a piece of information, as well as a topology of the policy space defined by three characteristics (epistemic uncertainty, interests, and the degree of value conflicts), we...

Background Multimorbidity is becoming increasingly common and is a leading challenge currently faced by societies with aging populations. The presence of multimorbidity requires patients to coordinate, understand, and use the information obtained from different health care professionals, while simultaneously striving to distinguish the symptoms of...

Scienza in vendita analizza il rapporto tra decisioni politiche ed evidenza empirica nella definizione delle politiche pubbliche. È un libro che parla di narrazioni e di retoriche, ma non sceglie la strada della critica post-moderna. Cerca, piuttosto, di uscire dalla gabbia delle opposte narrative in conflitto, per cercare di decostruirne le retori...

Since 2015, the emergence of the new forms of work offered by online labour platforms is fuelling the debate on social protection of precarious workers and ‘bogus self-employment’. This study gathers evidence in support of the European Commission initiative aiming at providing adequate social protection regardless the type of employment contract.

The article discusses whether and to what extent experiments can contribute to a research paradigm based on the study of human behaviour in complex evolving environments and on the problem of asymmetric adjustment among different components of economic system along certain trajectories, focusing on the possibility that experimental evidence may rep...

This article is a case study of the digital practices of Ecuadorians residing in Vera, a small city of 15,000 inhabitants in the Province of Almería in Eastern Andalusia (Spain). Participant observation of the community and in-depth interviews of Internet shops’ owners and users were used to describe access to, use and appropriation of, digital med...

BACKGROUND Multimorbidity is becoming increasingly common and is a leading challenge currently faced by societies with aging populations. The presence of multimorbidity requires patients to coordinate, understand, and use the information obtained from different health care professionals, while simultaneously striving to distinguish the symptoms of...

The weight of evidence points to the advertising of food affecting food consumption, especially among children. Such advertising often promotes unhealthy foods. Current policy deliberations focus on developing effective ‘protective’ messages to increase advertising literacy and consequent scepticism about advertising targeting children. This study...

Sempre più spesso i Governi approvano politiche ispirate alla teoria del nudge (o “spintarella”), che suggerisce di indirizzare il comportamento degli individui ricorrendo ad accorgimenti di contesto, piuttosto che a pesanti regolamentazioni e divieti. Questo approccio nasce dalla constatazione che spesso gli individui non scelgono razionalmente, m...

This article presents the results of a laboratory experiment and an online multi-country experiment testing the effect of motor vehicle eco-labels on consumers. The laboratory study featured a discrete choice task and questions on comprehension, while the ten countries online experiment included measures of willingness to pay and comprehension. Lab...

Objective To pilot benchmark measures of health information and communication technology (ICT) availability and use to facilitate cross-country learning. Materials and Methods A prior Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development–led effort involving 30 countries selected and defined functionality-based measures for availability and use of...

The European Online Games, Social Media and Mobile Application sector has grown substantially in recent years and children are exposed to increasingly sophisticated marketing techniques online which are often outside the purview of existing regulatory frameworks. This study aims to provide a better understanding of online marketing to children and...

In this article we use data from a multi-country Randomized Control Trial study on the effect of anti-tobacco pictorial warnings on an individual’s emotions and behavior. By exploiting the exogenous variations of images as an instrument, we are able to identify the effect of emotional responses. We use a range of outcome variables, from cognitive (...

This is the final methodological report on the project on 'ICT to support the integration into everyday life of immigrants and minorities'. The research objectives were to describe immigrants’ ICT skills, access, usage, and to explore how they differ with respect to different profiles and broad socio-economic and other personal characteristics such...

This report presents the findings of a survey on the role played by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in supporting the employability and integration of immigrants in Europe. 1,500 immigrants in 3 Member States (Bulgaria, the Netherlands, and Spain) were interviewed face-to-face from the end of 2012 to mid-2013 to identify their ICT...

In this study we show the preliminary results of a series of field experiments with a sample of displaced population and a sample of beneficiaries of land titling programs. We didn't get access to official data, thus land restitution is self-declared by participants. The fieldwork was carried out in Montes de María region in the second half of 2014...

This article critically discusses the potential of the new behavioural turn in consumer policy. It focuses on methodological and normative aspects, which are not suffi ciently discussed in the policy domain, in particular on the lessons that can be learned from randomised control trials and the normative side of the intervention. Some implications...

Background: The use of the Internet for health purposes is growing steadily, yet the use of asynchronous communication tools for health care purposes remains undeveloped. The introduction of email as a method of communication in health care has the potential to impact on both patients and health care professionals. Objective: This study aims to...

Background: The use of the Internet for health purposes is growing steadily, yet the use of asynchronous communication tools for health care purposes remains undeveloped. The introduction of email as a method of communication in health care has the potential to impact on both patients and health care professionals. Objective: This study aims to des...

This article discusses the socio-political dimension of measurement in the context of benchmarking e-government within the European Union׳s Open Method of Coordination. It provides empirical evidence of how this has resulted in institutional isomorphism within the self-referential policy network community involved in the benchmarking process. It ar...

In this paper we analyse the efficiency of primary care centres (PCCs) adopting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) devices, using a new database on primary care centres in the Basque Region in Spain. Using a four-stage Data Envelopment Analysis methodology, we are able to explicitly take into account the role of ICT in affecting the eff...

The modernization of public services is high on the political agenda and the role of Information and Communication Technologies in this process has been increasingly recognized. In current practice, however, conventional services have just been “digitized” without any concern for their actual impact on society. After over 20 years of research and p...

Modern care is often based on investigations such as laboratory markers and imaging - for example, x-ray or ultrasound. The results contribute to a diagnosis and, if judged necessary, treatment is initiated. This diseased-oriented approach is the prevailing mode of management in modern medicine. In contrast, person-centered care (PCC) takes the poi...

In the recent past several authors have addressed the issue of the 'e-Government paradox' which is exemplified by the contrast between the level of investments made on deploying ICT-enabled services and the little impact produced and/or demonstrated so far. To this regard, in most maturing countries, main barriers hindering the adoption of e-Govern...

This paper builds on an extensive review of literature and practice analysing the barriers hindering the adoptions of eGovernment services (Savoldelli, Codagnone and Misuraca, 2012), and on the measurement and evaluation of ICT impact in general and of selected public eServices, including eGovernment (Misuraca, Codagnone and Rossel, 2012). From the...

This article presents a comprehensive review of literature and practice on the measurement and evaluation of ICT impact in general and of selected public eServices (eGovernment, eHealth, and eInclusion), within the context of the Information Society paradigm. It calls for a sustained meta-level analysis, in which it is important to have a self-refl...

After having briefly introduced the issue of measuring e-­‐Government vis-­‐à-­‐vis its impact evaluation, the paper provides an overview of the state of the art with regard to measurement of e-­‐Government, addressing the debate on the relationship between 'public value' creation and e-­‐Government, outlining some of the approaches advanced to mea...

Despite the plethora of research, policy analysis and practice works produced in the last two decades for explaining the potential of eGovernment and its impact on society, there is still very limited evidence that the promised productivity gains have been achieved. To date, its potential remains hypothetical. This eGovernment paradox contrasts the...

Modern governments using innovative ICT have become an increasingly important factor of competitiveness and growth in the European Information Society. Public institutions are forced to improve their operation to become more efficient and effective. As a consequence, modern ICT heavily impacts and forms Government activities in cooperating and inte...