Cornelis Jan Camphuysen

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• Dr
• Senior scientist at NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research

Animal migrations, or long-distance movements, on land, through water or in the air, are considered energetically costly because of the investment in persistent locomotion typical for migration. Diverse strategies exist to manage these energetic costs. Yet migration is only one stage in an annual cycle and may not be the most energetically costly....

Caspian Gulls (Larus cachinnans) have expanded their breeding range over around 2500 km westward, from the Black Sea to Western Europe, within decades. As a colonising species, it invaded a region with two established guild members that faced poor breeding results from declining resources. A study of breeding performance and diet of the Caspian Gul...

Cite this article: Kentie R, Morgan Brown J, Camphuysen KCJ, Shamoun-Baranes J. 2023 Distance doesn't matter: migration strategy in a seabird has no effect on survival or reproduction. Proc. R. Soc. B 290: 20222408. Migrating animals show remarkable diversity in migration strategies, even between individuals from the same population. Migrating long...

In summer 2022, a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 pandemic struck, affecting numerous species of colonial seabirds all over the Northern Hemisphere. Great skuas were especially badly affected by the outbreak, that had in fact begun in autumn 2021 on a much smaller scale. This paper reports on exceptional mortality levels, poor...

The population increase of Lesser Black-backed Gulls in the Netherlands triggered investigations into lifehistory, migratory movements, and foraging ecology during 16 years of nest-monitoring, colour-ringing and GPStracking on Texel (Wadden Sea). Main objective was to obtain comprehensive ecological data of breeding performance within the context o...

Om een beter inzicht te krijgen in de ruimtelijke connectiviteit en seizoens-dynamiek van in Nederland verblijvende Zwarte Zee-eenden in door hen gebruikte foerageergebieden zijn, in aanvulling op meer traditionele waarnemingsmethoden, Zwarte Zee-eenden gevangen en van dataloggers (Argos PTTs of GPS/GSM zenders) voorzien. In twee hoofdstukken worde...

Studying the breeding patterns and diet of conspicuous predators is a useful way to understand the structure of marine coastal food webs. The Banc d'Arguin, Mauritania, hosts a significant portion of the West African population of a widespread and conspicuous fish predator, the Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia. At two small islands, the relatively o...

Foraging areas, diurnal rhythms and space use of Common Scoters Melanitta nigra equipped with data loggers in the (Dutch) North Sea coastal zone To gain a better understanding of aspects such as spatial connectivity and seasonal dynamics of resident Common Scoters in the foraging areas they use, in addition to more traditional observation methods,...

Common Scoters Melanitta nigra in The Netherlands (2) annual cycle, breeding grounds and connectivity in the East Atlantic Flyway The breeding range of the Common Scoter extends from Iceland, Scotland and Ireland in the west, through northern Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden and Finland) to Central Siberia. Ringing reports are extremely scarce, despite...

Background: The use of tracking devices in ecological studies provides valuable insights into the movements and behaviour of wildlife, yet concerns persist regarding effects of tags on individuals. In birds, long-term attachments can lead to feather abrasion, feather loss, or lack of regrowth. Especially for seabirds, which rely on the insulation f...

Summary - This is the annual report on beached bird survey (BBS) combining results obtained in The Netherlands during summer 2023 (May-Oct) and the winter 2023/24. Summer 2023 was calm, but ended in a serious wreck affecting thousands of Common Guillemots Uria aalge and particularly Razorbills Alca torda. Many more birds than normal were adults (al...

General context: gulls ingest plastic and other litter while foraging in open landfills, because organic matter is mixed with other debris. Therefore, gulls are potential biovectors of plastic pollution into natural habitats, especially when they concentrate in wetlands for roosting. Novelty: we quantified, for the first time, the flow of plastic...

Seabirds use several flight modes at sea, including thermal soaring, in which thermal uplift is used to gain altitude and save energy. An increase in flight altitude may have consequences for wind farm interactions if it results in birds spending more time within the rotor-swept zone (RSZ). To understand conditions under which thermal soaring occur...

The number of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5-related infections and deaths of wild birds in Europe was high during October 1, 2020-September 30, 2022. To quantify deaths among wild species groups with known susceptibility for HPAI H5 during those epidemics, we collected and recorded mortality data of wild birds in the Netherlands. HPAI...

Knowledge of fisheries impacts, past and present, is essential for understanding the ecology and conservation of seabirds, but in a rapidly changing world, knowledge and research directions require updating. In this Introduction and in the articles in this Themed Set "Impacts of fishing on seabirds" , we update our understanding of how fishing impa...

The Lower Senegal River Basin in Mauritania and Senegal is a unique network of water basins, floodplains, and sand dunes. The fossil fuel indus-try, including the company BP, established a presence in the region after major offshore gas fields were found (1). BP originally planned only an offshore liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal, but the devel...

This is the annual report on beached bird survey (BBS) combining results obtained in The Netherlands during summer 2022 (May-Oct) and the winter 2022/23. Summer 2022 was a particularly turbulent season, with HPAIV H5N1 virus outbreaks affecting seabirds all over the Northern Hemisphere. Within the Netherlands, coastal colonies of Sandwich Terns Tha...

Seabirds use several flight modes at sea, including thermal soaring, in which thermal uplift is used to gain altitude and save energy. An increase in flight altitude may have consequences for wind farm interactions if it results in birds spending more time within the rotor-swept zone (RSZ). To understand conditions under which thermal soaring occur...

Avian influenza panzootic leads to mass strandings of Northern Gannets in the Netherlands, April-October 2022 In April 2022, reports were received of an unprecedented stranding of dead Northern Gannets along the Dutch North Sea coast, especially on the Wadden Sea islands. Some 221 individuals washed ashore within one month, where around 22 dead bi...

On January 17th 2016 a dead immature (≥3rd calendar year) or adult red-billed tropicbird was found on the beach of Texel, Noord-Holland. Its plumage was incomplete, most organs were missing and stomach contents could not be collected. There was no subcutaneous or intestinal fat and the state of the pectoral muscles indicated starvation as cause of...

High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) profoundly impacted several seabird populations during the summers of 2021 and 2022. Infection spread rapidly across colonies, causing unprecedented mortality. At Foula, Shetland, 1500 breeding adult great skuas Stercorarius skua, totalling about two tonnes of decomposing virus-laden material, died at the c...

Seasonal migrations are used by diverse animal taxa, yet the costs and benefits of migrating have rarely been empirically examined. The aim of this study was to determine how migration influences two ecological currencies, energy expenditure and time allocated towards different behaviors, in a full annual cycle context. We compare these currencies...

A highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) pandemic struck, more or less unexpectedly, and affected numerous species of seabirds all over the Northern Hemisphere in summer 2002. This field report was prepared to share details and results of ad hoc studies on the effects of the HPAIV pandemic on seabirds breeding on Foula (Shetland Islands) i...

Marine oil pollution has been an issue of concern for at least a century. The earliest reports contained outrage over oil-contaminated dead seabirds found ashore. This paper reports on observed trends in strandings and oil rates of Common Guillemots Uria aalge to illustrate the history of oil pollution and its effects in the North Sea. This paper i...

The energy exchange between the Earth's surface and atmosphere results in a highly dynamic habitat through which birds move. Thermal uplift is an atmospheric feature which many birds are able to exploit in order to save energy in flight, but which is governed by complex surface-atmosphere interactions. In mosaic landscapes consisting of multiple la...

This is the annual report on beached bird survey (BBS) combining results obtained in The Netherlands during autumn 2021 (Aug-Oct) and the winter 2021/22. This was a more turbulent season, with a mass stranding of harbour porpoises in August 2021, and seabird wrecks in autumn 2021 and in winter 2021/22. The significant declines in (winter) oil rates...

Demographic rates such as recruitment and survival probability can vary considerably among populations of the same species due to variation in underlying environmental processes. If environmental processes are spatially correlated, nearby populations are expected to have more similar demographic rates than those further apart. Breeding populations...

This cruise report presents the results obtained during the ship-based seabird and marine mammal surveys conducted between 17 February and 1 March 2022 and must be seen as a preliminary analysis of the data. The cruise was conducted in a similar fashion as cruises during the longer-term research project financed via the Programme “Biodiversity Gas...

The unique biodiversity and the significance as a stop-over, foraging and wintering area of NW Africa’s offshore waters for seabirds originating from both hemispheres in a constantly changing, almost fluid species composition is beyond dispute. This is a compilation of data collected during dedicated, systematic seabirds at sea surveys: research cr...

In animal ecology, energy expenditure is used for assessing the consequences of different behavioural strategies, life‐history events or environments. Animals can also influence energy expenditure through instantaneous behavioural responses to their external environment. It is therefore of interest to measure energy expenditure of free‐ranging anim...

Op 26 mei 2020 werd er in de Kelderhuispolder een territoriaal, gemengd paartje ♂ Geelpoot-meeuw Larus michahellis/♀ Kleine Mantelmeeuw Larus fuscus ontdekt. Het mannetje bleek een subadulte vogel te zijn (5 e kalenderjaar), het wijfje was volledig uitgekleurd en vermoedelijk adult. Ondanks een maandenlange aanwezigheid op een territorium aan de ra...

We present an integrative statistical approach for estimating the current conditions of marine-bird habitats affected by human activities. We first estimated the influence of multiple human offshore activities on the species of interest using integrative regression techniques. We then used these models to predict the distribution and abundance of t...

Summary • The Grand Tortue Ahmeyim (GTA) gas development project will be conducted in a new African natural gas province, and is estimated to contain >0.4 trillion m 3 of recoverable gas. The entire project is a technological challenge and involves producing vast volumes of gas in very deep water (~2700m depth), and moving that gas or condensate al...

This is the annual report on beached bird survey (BBS) results in The Netherlands winter 2020/21. Significant declines in oil rates were reported in recent decades (especially since ~2005), but several oiled auks were reported in December 2020, particularly at Texel. Nevertheless, measuring over an entire season, consistently low oil rates are foun...

The expanding development of offshore wind farms brings a growing concern about the human impact on seabirds. To assess this impact a better understanding of offshore bird abundance is needed. The aim of this study was to investigate offshore bird abundance in the breeding season and model the effect of temporally predictable environmental variable...

Van Franeker, J.A.; & Camphuysen, C.J. 1984. Report on Fulmarus glacialis expedition II. Jan Mayen, June-August 1983.. Verslagen en Technische Gegevens No.39: 1-34. (Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoölogie, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam). https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/506333. This is an English language report on avifaunal observations m...

The increase in anthropogenic activities and their potential impact on wildlife requires the establishment of monitoring programs and identification of indicator species. Within marine habitats, marine mammals are often used as ecosystem sentinels, which has led to investigations into their abundance, distribution, and mortality patterns. However,...

Non‐frugivorous waterbirds disperse a wide variety of plants by endozoochory, providing longer‐dispersal distances than other mechanisms. Many waterbirds visit both agricultural and natural landscapes during their daily movements, but potential bird‐mediated dispersal of weed plants within and from agricultural landscapes to other habitats is commo...

As environmental conditions fluctuate across years, seasonal migrants must determine where and when to move without comprehensive knowledge of conditions beyond their current location. Animals can address this challenge by following cues in their local environment to vary behaviour in response to current conditions, or by moving based on learned or...

This is the annual report for OSPAR on the beached bird survey (BBS) results in The Netherlands winter 2019/20, including OSPAR area's 8, 9 and 10. Data from Belgian and German colleagues will have to be merged to arrive at the final values for these areas. For the Dutch North Sea region, significant declines in oil rates were reported in recent de...

1 sula 28 (2020) dwarf and giant gull eggs dwarf eggs of herring gulls larus argentatus and lesser black-backed gulls l. fuscus at texel, 2006-2020 C.J. Camphuysen summary-Inspired by the observations of Kees Swennen on the occurrence of dwarf eggs in a particular cohort of Eider ducks during his years of studies on Vlieland, I investigated the occ...

On beauty and illness, good care and death, an essay on personal experience with cancer

There is a growing call to restore the natural richness of the North Sea, but it is often unclear what this natural richness actually was. Here we review the demise and the historical ecology of an iconic species, the critically endangered Angelshark Squatina squatina in the southern North Sea, using historical books and catch records of 104 indivi...

Site fidelity within and outside breeding colonies by individual Herring Gulls

This is the annual update for OSPAR of the beached bird survey (BBS) results in The Netherlands winter 2018/19. The Dutch BBS provides data for OSPAR area’s 8, 9 and 10, but data from Belgian and German colleagues will have to be merged to arrive at the final values for these areas. For the Dutch North Sea region, significant declines in oil rates...

Distribution maps of cetaceans and seabirds at basin and monthly scales are needed for conservation and marine management. These are usually created from standardized and systematic aerial and vessel surveys, with recorded animal densities interpolated across study areas. However, distribution maps at basin and monthly scales have previously not be...

Birds are vectors of dispersal of propagules of plants and other organisms including pathogens, as well as nutrients and contaminants. Thus, through their movements they create functional connectivity between habitat patches. Most studies on connectivity provided by animals to date have focused on movements within similar habitat types. However, so...

Eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems is a global problem with major ecological and economic impacts. In many lakes and reservoirs, guanotrophication occurs when roosting waterbirds import nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from surrounding terrestrial habitats. To date, nutrient loading by waterbirds has been estimated based on censuses in the abs...

Interactions between landscape and atmosphere result in a dynamic flight habitat which birds may use opportunistically to save energy during flight. However, their ability to utilise these dynamic landscapes and its influence on shaping movement paths is not well understood. We investigate the degree to which gulls utilise fine scale orographic lif...

Background: Several generalist species benefit from food provided by human activities. Food from anthropogenic sources is often high in caloric value and can positively influence reproductive success or survival. However, this type of resource may require specific foraging skills and habitat experience with related costs and benefits. As a result,...

Draft cruise report of megafauna surveys in August 2018 over the Mauritanian Shelf showing transect routes, water properties, distrubution patterns and overall numbers of seabirds and cetaceans observed. Part of a larger project and work in progress.

Many populations consist of individuals that differ consistently in their foraging behaviour through resource or foraging site selection. Foraging site fidelity has been reported in several seabird species as a common phenomenon. It is considered especially beneficial in spatially and/or temporally predictable environments in which fidelity is thou...

Under climate warming, migratory birds should align reproduction dates with advancing plant and arthropod phenology. To arrive on the breeding grounds earlier, migrants may speed up spring migration by curtailing the time spent enroute , possibly at the cost of decreased survival rates. Based on a decades-long series of observations along an entire...

Supplementary Information for Fuelling conditions at staging sites can mitigate Arctic warming effects in a migratory bird Eldar Rakhimberdiev*, Sjoerd Duijns, Julia Karagicheva, Cornelis J. Camphuysen, VRS Castricum, Anne Dekinga, Rob Dekker, Anatoly Gavrilov, Job ten Horn, Joop Jukema, Anatoly Saveliev, Mikhail Soloviev, T. Lee Tibbitts, Jan A. v...

Under climate warming, migratory birds should align reproduction dates with advancing plant and arthropod phenology. To arrive on the breeding grounds earlier, migrants may speed up spring migration by curtailing the time spent en route, possibly at the cost of decreased survival rates. Based on a decades-long series of observations along an entire...

We compared the primary molt of the 4 species of skuas and jaegers (Stercorariidae) that breed in the Northern Hemisphere: Long-tailed Jaeger (Stercorarius longicaudus), Parasitic Jaeger (S. parasiticus), Pomarine Jaeger (S. pomarinus), and Great Skua (S. skua). We analyzed primary molt data of 1,573 individuals of multiple age classes, mostly coll...

Towards a blue criminology? On illegal fishing, fish fraud, and criminology Illegal (IUU) fishing is a relatively understudied area within criminology. In this article the authors briefly describe what IUU fishing entails, what is known about the consequences of such fishing, and will list law enforcement issues. They illustrate how illegal fishing...

Reproductive timing in many taxa plays a key role in determining breeding productivity ¹, and is often sensitive to climatic conditions ² . Current climate change may alter the timing of breeding at different rates across trophic levels, potentially resulting in temporal mismatch between the resource requirements of predators and their prey ³ . Thi...

After an historical absence, over the last decades Eurasian Spoonbills Platalea leucorodia leucorodia have returned to breed on the barrier islands of the Wadden Sea. The area offers an abundance of predator-free nesting habitat, low degrees of disturbance, and an extensive intertidal feeding area with increasing stocks of brown shrimp Crangon cran...

The annual cycle of Herring Gull breeding in a diary format with explanations of the science behind it and a historical review of the Herring Gull in The Netherlands with emphasis of conservation, destruction and persecution, foraging ecology, behaviour, anthropogenic resourcesand the changing habitat use

This is the annual update for OSPAR of the beached bird survey (BBS) results in The Netherlands winter 2017/18. The Dutch BBS provides data for OSPAR area’s 8, 9 and 10, but data from Belgian and German colleagues will have to be merged to arrive at the final values for these areas. For the Dutch North Sea region, significant declines in oil rates...

This is the annual update for OSPAR of the beached bird survey (BBS) results in The Netherlands (winter 2016/17), with a preview into 2017/18 (data that have thus far accumulated, up to and including to February 2018). The Dutch BBS provides data for OSPAR area's 8, 9 and 10, but data from Belgian and German colleagues will have to be merged to arr...

Our aim was to produce a book to aid the identification of marine and estuarine fish found in the North Sea. The North Sea is a shallow shelf sea in the northeast Atlantic that was formed as a consequence of sea level rise following the last Glacial Maximum, when seas began to flood the European Continental Shelf, over the past 15,000 years. The No...

An introduced species' invasion success may be facilitated by the release of natural enemies, like parasites, which may provide an invader with a competitive advantage over native species (enemy release hypothesis). Lower parasite infection levels in introduced versus native populations have been well documented. However, any potential competitive...

Dietary specialization has been described across a wide range of taxa in the animal kingdom. Fitness consequences are, however, not well documented. We examined the reproductive consequences of different dietary specializations in the herring gull Larus argentatus, an omnivorous seabird, using an extensive dataset which includes breeding and dietar...

Dissection protocol of gull chicks (Larus argentatus) for Acanthocephala parasites

Sources of acanthocephalans for the molecular identification, indicating location, host species, host sex and host size (carapace width for crabs). For locations see Fig. 1; F = female; M = male; n/a = not applicable.

Barr Al Hikman, a large intact coastal wetland in the Sultanate of Oman, is an important wintering site for migratory waterbirds in the Asian-East African Flyway. The last reported systematic survey of the area is from 1990. Here, we present results of three surveys in 2007/2008, 2013/2014 and 2015/2016. Up to half a million waterbirds of 42 specie...

Migration strategies differ greatly among and within avian populations. The associated trade-offs and fitness consequences of diverse strategies and how they persist are pertinent questions in migration research. Migration is a costly endeavour, presumably compensated for by better survival conditions in the non-breeding area. One way to assess the...

The harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is the smallest and most abundant cetacean in NW European continental shelf waters. Their global abundance numbers at least ~700,000 individuals. Within the North Sea, total abundance has recently been estimated at approximately 345,000 animals. The species reproduces at a rate of one offspring every 1-2 yea...

The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of animal flight. Volant animals can reduce these costs by using different flight modes, each with their own benefits and constraints. However, the extent to which animals alter their flight modes in response to environmental conditions has rarely been studi...

Recent developments in GPS tracking technology allow the movements of bird species to be followed in ever-greater detail. Seabird research is benefiting greatly, due to the challenges of tracking species that often roam widely out at sea. Amongst the gulls, one of the pressing issues is to understand the ecology of the relatively recent urban colon...

Worldwide, marine and coastal ecosystems are heavily invaded by introduced species and the potential role of parasites in the success and impact of marine invasions has been increasingly recognized. In this review, we link recent theoretical developments in invasion ecology with empirical studies from marine ecosystems in order to provide a concept...

This is the annual update for OSPAR of the beached bird survey (BBS) results in The Netherlands (winter 2015/16). The Dutch BBS provides data for OSPAR area's 8, 9 and 10, but data from Belgian and German colleagues will have to be merged to arrive at the final values for these areas. For the Dutch North Sea region, significant declines in oil rate...

SUMMARY White-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris Until the middle of the 20th century, the white-beaked dolphin was known from few and irregular strandings and by-catches, and some poorly documented sightings in Dutch waters. The frequency of strandings increased during the 1960s and notably in the 1980s and 1990s, but declined again after...

SUMMARY Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata Minke whales are predominandy summer visitors in the central North Sea. Since 1970, small numbers have been recorded in and near the northernmost part of the Dutch sector of the North Sea, mainly in May-July. Strandings, on the other hand, have occurred year-round in small numbers. Documented strandin...

SUMMARY Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus Fossil material of bottlenose dolphins from the southern North Sea dates from shortly after the breakthrough of the English Channel, about 8000 years ago. There are many archeological finds from prehistoric coastal settlements, but only few reliable records from recent historical times before the 20th...

SUMMARY Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae With the exception of a single stranding on the Flemish coast in 1751, the humpback whale was unknown in the southern the North Sea until 1991. Between 2003 and 2015, at least 20 different animals have been found in Dutch waters, including five strandings (not counting a calf that was seen with its mot...

Oil pollution is a serious issue in the Netherlands ever since merchant and military vessels with diesel engines gradually replaced vessels operating sails and steam engines in the early twentieth century. Arguably, the southern North Sea became one of the most heavily oil-polluted sea areas in the world as a result of chronic oil pollution. Major...

Seabirds are particularly sensitive to marine oil pollution. Systematic surveys of beach-cast corpses of birds ('beached bird surveys') not only document the adverse effects of oil pollution on wild birds but are particularly useful for monitoring spatial and temporal patterns and trends in chronic oil pollution. In this chapter, we briefly review...

UK waters encompass a wide range of seabed topography and physical and chemical conditions that create a huge diversity of marine ecosystems. These in turn influence the availability of biological resources that attract a significant diversity of marine mammals for European waters. In all, 28 cetacean species have been recorded in UK waters, of whi...

Birds in flight are proposed to adjust their body orientation (heading) and airspeed to wind conditions adaptively according to time and energy constraints. Airspeeds in goal-directed flight are predicted to approach or exceed maximum-range airspeeds, which minimize transport costs (energy expenditure per unit distance) and should increase in headw...