Concepción Román

• University of Huelva

Purpose This study aims to revisit the relationship between the stringency of employment protection legislation and entrepreneurship at the macro-level using time series data from 28 OECD countries. Design/methodology/approach To address model uncertainty, a Bayesian model averaging methodology is employed, overcoming issues related to predictor s...

This paper examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on early retirement (ER) decisions in Europe. For the analysis, we utilize microdata from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, along with occupation-level data on AI advances and AI exposure. Initially, we investigate the influence of AI advances and AI exposure separa...

Is precarity inherent to employment when it is mediated by a digital platform, or does employment precarity have other causes? Using the first wave of the European survey on collaborative economy and employment (COLLEEM, hereinafter), we identify different types of precarity among platform workers by using different operationalizations of this phen...

Este artículo ofrece una descripción del trabajo en plataformas digitales en España y propone una discusión de los retos frente a las oportunidades que este tipo de empleo menos tradicional supone en términos de la igualdad de género en el mercado de trabajo. Aunque las mujeres pueden ver en este tipo de actividades una autonomía y flexibilidad que...

Inactive individuals represent a pool of potential labour whose activation entails economic and social advantages. Additionally, being active allows individuals to cover their basic psychological needs—autonomy, competence and relatedness—which leads to greater satisfaction through self-determination. We posit that self-employment may be an attract...

We study the role of the business cycle in the individual decision of own-account workers to hire employees. Using panel data from the European Community Household Panel for the EU-15 countries, we show that own-account workers are less likely to hire employees during recessions. Next, we focus on identifying the underlying mechanisms of this negat...

Although they represent a sizable occupational group, little is known about family employees. Using utility theory and the theory of compensating wage differentials, we hypothesize that family employees have higher levels of job satisfaction and lower wages relative to regular employees. We present several regressions based on a large cross-country...

Human capital obtained through education has been shown to be one of the strongest drivers of entrepreneurship performance. The entrepreneur’s human capital, though, is only one of the input factors into the production process of her venture. In this paper we will analyze to what extent the education levels of other (potential) stakeholders affect...

This work tries to shed some light on the decision of becoming self-employed with and without employees, distinguishing between paid-employment and unemployment as starting status and exploring if the exposure to foreign competition also influences this decision. In doing so, we apply binary and multinomial logit models to data drawn from the Europ...

Work effort varies greatly across employees, as evidenced by substantial differences in absence rates. Moreover, absenteeism causes sizeable output losses. Using data from the European Community Household Panel (ECHP), this paper investigates absence behaviour of family employees, i.e. workers who are employed in enterprises owned by a relative. Ou...

By considering entrepreneurs who hire employees –employers– and entrepreneurs without personnel –own-account workers– as related but distinct groups within entrepreneurship, this work analyzes the roles of different factors in entrepreneurship survival from a new perspective: contrasting the determinants of own-account workers’ survival with those...

Given the big employment losses in the current economic and financial crisis, not only the creation of new jobs is important for economic and social welfare, but also the conservation of existing jobs. In this respect, it is crucial that firms that employ personnel survive. In this article, we investigate the role of the technological environment i...

By considering entrepreneurs who hire employees –employers– and entrepreneurs without personnel –own-account workers– as related but distinct groups within entrepreneurship, this work analyzes the roles of different factors in entrepreneurship survival in Europe from a new perspective: contrasting the determinants of own-account workers’ survival w...

This paper examines the impact of employment protection legislation (EPL) on hiring decisions by own-account workers and firing decisions by very small firms (one to four employees). Using data from the EU-15 countries, our results show that the strictness of employment protection legislation is negatively related to both these types of decisions,...

As several European governments develop new start-up programmes during recessions, the appropriateness of these policies recently has become a hot policy issue. This study suggests that the contribution of these incentives is dubious, if aimed to combat economic and jobs crises as part of the entrepreneurship policy, and can be shaped by various co...

This paper investigates the determinants of self-employment survival in Europe in two stages. The first one focuses on the effect of variables at the individual level, while the second raises questions regarding specific regional factors through the introduction of macro variables. In conducting this analysis, discrete choice models, including both...

Although they represent a sizable occupational group, little is known about family employees. Using utility theory and the theory of compensating wage differentials, we hypothesize that family employees have higher levels of job satisfaction and lower wages relative to regular employees. We present several regressions based on a large cross-country...

Purpose – The purpose of this chapter is to shed new light on the effects of labor market institutions and the economic conditions on self-employment composition that may help the development of a comprehensive strategy to promote job creation and sustained economic growth in the post-2009 era. Methodology/approach – Using microdata from the Europ...

This paper examines whether the strictness of employment protection legislation encourages employers to contract out work to their own paid employees by the formula of dependent self-employment, while makes transitions to independent self-employment less likely by altering the relative valuation of risk between salaried-work and self-employment in...

The combination of a strict Employment Protection Legislation (EPL) with an active self-employment promotion policy might become a breeding ground for what is called "false" self-employment. In fact, in this framework, employees' traditional work is being outsourced to self-employed workers, just to omit employers' social security contributions, to...

This paper summarizes the main results of the empirical research on self-employment dynamics —particularly entry and success— and discusses their possible implications on entrepreneurial policy effectiveness. The main goal of this study is to promote a debate on this topic, encouraging conditional analyses that serve as guidance in the design of a...

This paper investigates the determinants of self-employment entry and success in Spain during the Nine-ties by means of two complementary data sets. The data used come from the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) and from the Spanish Continuous Expenditure Survey (ECPF). Toward this end, different transitions are explicitly considered by mean...

This work tries to shed some light on the decision of becoming self-employed with and without employees, distinguishing between paid-employment and unemployment as starting status. In doing so, we apply binary and multinomial logit models to data drawn from the European Community Household Panel for the EU-15 (ECHP, 1994-2001). Thus, we provide som...

This study aims to increase our understanding of the contribution of the self-employed to the job creation process by investigating the individual decision of hiring employees. Our framework considers the individual decision of becoming self-employed with employees from own account self-employment, while other labour options such as paid employment...

This work tries to shed some light on the decision of becoming self-employed with and without employees, distinguishing between paid-employment and unemployment as starting status. In doing so, we apply binary and multinomial logit models to data drawn from the European Community Household Panel for the EU-15 (ECHP, 1994-2001). Thus, we provide som...

The impact of labour market institutions on both labour supply and job search rates has been exhaustively analysed in Labour Economics from theoretical as well as empirical approaches. However, research on the impact of this regulation on self-employment and its composition is limited, that is, the impact of labour market institutions on occupation...

The search for a systematic set of indicators to measure the crucial dimensions of the entrepreneurship in relation to its diagnosis, forecast and tracking, has become a very first need for both the economic analysis progress, as well as to obtain an appropriate design, monitoring and evaluation of the public policies. The main contribution of this...

The aim of this paper is to survey the evidence on the relationship between self-employment and human capital from two fields in particular, economics of self-employment and empirical research on growth, emphasising in the sensibility of results to proxies used to capture education. Although, the emphasis is very much on education, rather than on a...

This paper tries to collect, describe and evaluate all the potential statistical sources—each pursuing different goals—in order to study self-employment in Spain. The improvement of traditional databases together with the recent incorporation of new statistical sources is bolstering the knowledge of today’s labour market, self-employment included....

This volume provides a comprehensive review of the theoretical concepts and empirical models of entrepreneurship from a non-conventional perspective. Its main purpose is to contribute to the design of an efficient system of indicators of entrepreneurship and competitiveness. The existence of a gap between the theory of entrepreneurship and the meth...

Entrepreneurial promotion policy has focused on facilitating the transitions to self-employment, as a way to reduce unemployment. However, little attention has been paid to the success within self-employment. By advancing in the knowledge of the determining factors of the survival within self-employment, we can complete those policies with instrume...

A central issue within the European entrepreneurial promotion policy is the design of a set of instruments directed to encourage people to become entrepreneurs. Self-employment literature provides useful information for the design of such mechanisms, detecting a set of factors obstaculizing the transitions to self-employment, but does not usually o...

This paper focuses on job satisfaction characteristics of self-employed who recently switched into self-employment coming from a private sector paid employment or another self-employment status. We use the European Community Household Panel for the EU-15 covering the years 1994-2001 and distinguish between three types of job satisfaction, i.e. job...