
Clynton Lourenço Corrêa- PhD
- Professor at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Clynton Lourenço Corrêa
- PhD
- Professor at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Associate Professor - Faculty of Physical Therapy,
Head of Institute of Neurology Deolindo Couto
About
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Introduction
He is Professor at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro since 2011. Currently, he is head of Institute of Neurology Deolindo Couto. Professor of the Master Program of Physical Education and also Professor of Physical Therapy. He was head of Department of Physical Therapy (2018-2019). He was director of Faculty of Physical Therapy (2020- 2021), Coordinator of Graduate Program of Rehabilitation Sciences (2024).
Current institution
Publications
Publications (92)
The initial edition of the Revista Brasileira de Neurologia for this year is inaugurated with a focus on three fundamental aspects: a commemoration of the past, a proactive stance in the present, and a forward-looking perspective aimed at enhancing the journal. Readers are cordially invited to delve into the historical evolution of the Revista Bras...
Introduction People with Parkinson’s disease may pre-sent muscle weakness. The handgrip test is used to identify upper limbs strength. There are different protocol descriptions of this assessment. Objective To carry out a systematic review on the assessment of handgrip strength in people with Parkinson’s. Methods The review was carried out accordin...
Introduction: Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is a rare neurological autoimmune disease characterized by stiffness and painful episodic muscle spasms, especially in the trunk and extremities of the body, causing significant functional impairment in affected individuals. There is a gap in knowledge about the possible effects of an osteopathic manipulati...
The prevalence of neurological diseases is currently growing due to the combination of several factor, including poor lifestyle and environmental imbalance which enhance the contribution of genetic factors. Parkinson's disease (PD), a chronic and progressive neurological condition, is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative human diseases. Deve...
The prevalence of neurological diseases is currently growing due to the combination of several factor, including poor lifestyle and environmental imbalance which enhance the contribution of genetic factors. Parkinson’s disease (PD), a chronic and progressive neurological condition, is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative human diseases. Deve...
Aim: People with Parkinson's disease constantly demonstrate low levels of physical activity, which is why dance has become increasingly important for the treatment of the disease. This study aimed to analyze the influence of binary and quaternary rhythm on fatigue, sleep, and daytime sleepiness in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Methods: 31 i...
Editorial article is part of the Research topic ICF-based rehabilitation for neurological diseases published on Front. Rehabilit. Sci., Sec. Human Functioning.
Physical exercise is considered an adjuvant treatment to Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, possibly reducing inflammatory responses in the brain. Studies have stated that physical exercise protects dopaminergic neurons in PD models produced by neurotoxins. However, few studies focused on immunohistochemically reacted astrocytes and morphometric an...
Aims
(1) To evaluate mental health symptoms in people with Parkinson’s (PwP) in self-isolation, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Brazil; (2) to explore associations between mental health and physical activity levels.
Methods
An observational cross-sectional survey using retrospective data. PwP from the Brazilian territory, both sexes, n...
The world has been hit by a pandemic caused by the new coronavirus (COVID 19), which has resulted in government recommendations and measures including social isolation to reduce the spread of the disease. In view of these recommendations, there were drastic changes in lifestyle, impacting the physical and mental health of men and women. Thus, this...
Background:
Evidence-based practices involving dance modalities found in binary (two-beat rhythm) or quaternary (four-beat rhythm) show that dance positively influences the motor aspects of disease.
Aim:
This randomized clinical trial aimed to analyze the effect of two dance rhythm (binary and quaternary) on the balance, gait, and mobility in in...
Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou verificar a viabilidade de dois protocolos de dança - ritmo binário e ritmo quaternário nas variáveis UPDRS, equilíbrio, congelamento da marcha e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson. Metodologia: Realizou-se um ensaio clínico randomizado, comparando a viabilidade de dois protocolos de dança. Vinte...
Previous research advocates that exercise is a non-pharmacological therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies have investigated the effects of exercise on central nervous system structures other than the nigrostriatal pathway by using PD animal models. This study investigated the effects of exercise on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)- and...
Background: Self-reported clinical worsening by people with Parkinson's disease (PD) during social distancing may be aggravated in Brazil, where the e/tele-health system is precarious.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate self-reported changes in motor and non-motor aspects during social distancing in people with PD living in Brazil and to in...
Previous research has suggested advocates that exercise is a non-pharmacological therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies have investigated the effects of exercise on central nervous system structures other than the nigrostriatal pathway by using PD animal models. This study investigated the effects of exercise on tyrosine hydroxy...
Aim: To identify how FOUL is investigated in patients with PD.
Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guideline was used, and the search was carried out in four databases, with no limit on publication date.
Results: 21 original articles were included. They used a variety of terms for upper-limb freezing. Some tasks evaluated...
This study aimed to compare the effect of a binary and quaternary rhythm protocol on cognition, mental activity, daily life, and quality of life among individuals with Parkinson’s Disease. A two-arm randomized clinical trial with 31 individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, who were allocated to the binary group or quaternary group. Both grou...
Introduction:
Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to deficits in upper limb strength and manual dexterity and consequently resulting in functional impairment. Handgrip strength is correlated with the motor symptom severity of the disease, but there is a gap in the literature about the influence of freezing in PD patients.
Objective:
The objective is...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) has numerous motor and non-motor symptoms. Among non-motor manifestations impulse control disorders (ICDs) stand out. ICDs include compulsions for gambling, shopping, eating, and sexual behavior, and “related disorders” such as hobbyism, simple motor activities, and dopamine dysregulation syndrome. There is no rating scale...
The effects of physical-therapy intervention on the motor function of upper limbs and the quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are not fully understood. We evaluated the effects of a progressive muscle-strengthening protocol for upper limbs on the functionality and quality of life. Patients were divided into two groups: Interve...
Objective:
To investigate the feasibility of a Brazilian samba protocol in individuals with Parkinson's disease.
Methods:
Twenty participants, mean age of 66.4±10.7 years, diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson 's disease, divided into: experimental group that received the intervention of Brazilian samba dance classes (10 individuals); and control gr...
BACKGROUND
People with Parkinson's disease constantly have low levels of physical activity, so dancing has become increasingly important for the treatment of the disease and can help improve balance, gait, reduce falls, and improve quality of life. However, there has been no research on the effects of binary and quaternary rhythms on the symptoms o...
RESUMO O fenômeno do congelamento é considerado um sintoma incapacitante para indivíduos acometidos pela doença de Parkinson, gerando impactos negativos na mobilidade, funcionalidade e qualidade de vida. O congelamento pode acometer membros inferiores (congela-mento da marcha) e/ou membros superiores, sendo caracterizado por súbita incapacidade de...
Introduction: Physiotherapy has been identified in the literature as an important treatment for individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) to improve functional capacity. Little is discussed about the physiotherapy practice environment for this population. Objective: To assess pragmatically the effects of two physiotherapy protocols: Conventional Ph...
Introdução. A doença de Charcot-Marrie-Tooth (CMT) é uma neuropatia periférica hereditária caracterizada por atrofia muscular e hipoestesia distal dos membros podendo estar associada à hipotonia, fraqueza muscular, diminuição dos reflexos profundos, fadiga e alterações respiratórias. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da fisioterapia motor...
Embora antigamente não se considerava que o córtex sensóriomotor de mamíferos adultos pudesse passar por mudanças em sua organização, sabe-se hoje que essas são possíveis e ocorrem devido a uma série de fatores. Visando compreender melhor a plasticidade cerebral, os objetivos dessa revisão foram identificar as mudanças reorganizacionais que ocorrem...
Objectives:
To identify the factors affecting the use of physiotherapy services among individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) living in Brazil.
Methods:
Overall, 479 individuals with idiopathic PD, of both sexes, at any stage of the Hoehn & Yahr (HY) scale, and from seven capital cities in Brazil were recruited from 2014 to 2016. Multivariate...
Dysregulation of tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in oxidative and inflammatory processes observed in major aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson´s disease (PD). Physical exercise has beneficial effects against aging-related changes, dopaminergic neuron vulnerability and PD progression. The...
Objective
The aim of this study is to characterize the presence of exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV) and to relate it with other cardiopulmonary exercise test (CET) responses and clinical variables.
Methods
Forty-six male patients (age: 53.1±13.6 years old; left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]: 30±8%) with heart failure were recruited to...
Uma das grandes preocupações com pacientes vitimados por Paralisia Facial Periférica (PFP) transcorre sobre a eficácia dos programas de reabilitação. Muitos médicos permanecem cautelosos na orientação de como proceder após a medicalização, pois a lesão periférica do VII nervo craniano pode gerar graves repercussões na mímica facial e, consequenteme...
Background: There is a lack understanding between the possible effects of physical intervention in motor
function of the upper limbs and quality of life in patients with PD.
Objective: To present a progressive muscular strengthening protocol of the upper limbs with focus on the
functional capacity.
Methods: The sample has been chosen for convenienc...
Study design:
Cross-sectional and observational study.
Purpose of the study:
Assess upper limb (UL) activity limitations using the "Test d'Evaluation des Membres Supérieurs Des Personnes Agées" (TEMPA) in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and verify its clinimetrics properties.
Methods:
The following were evaluated: internal consistenc...
Wecarried out a qualitative reviewof the literature on the influence of forced or voluntary exercise in Parkinson's
Disease (PD)-induced animals, to better understand neural mechanisms and the role of neurotrophic factors
(NFs) involved in the improvement of motor behavior. A few studies indicated that forced or voluntary exercise
may promote neuro...
We carried out a qualitative review of the literature on the influence of forced or voluntary exercise in Parkinson's Disease (PD)-induced animals, to better understand neural mechanisms and the role of neurotrophic factors (NFs) involved in the improvement of motor behavior. A few studies indicated that forced or voluntary exercise may promote neu...
We carried out a qualitative review of the literature on the influence of forced or
voluntary exercise in Parkinson´s Disease (PD)-induced animals, to better understand neural mechanisms and the role of neurotrophic factors (NFs) involved in the improvement of motor behavior.
RESUMO A doença de Parkinson é uma desordem neurológica com impacto negativo na motricidade e qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O come atividades de vida diária. Contudo, pouca atenção é dada aos as-pectos de avaliação e reabilitação física dos membros superiores na doença de Parkinson. Sendo assim, o presente artigo apresenta ins-Funcionalidade, In...
Abnormal activation of the RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway plays a pivotal role in neuroinflammatory and pro-oxidative responses,
axonal retraction, and apoptosis. We observed increased expression of RhoA, ROCK II, and ROCK activity in the brain of aged
rats, particularly in the substantia nigra. Increased ROCK activity may enhance major mechanisms...
Physical therapy may be of great importance in Parkinson disease. The objective of the study is to analyze the gait in patients with Parkinson disease treated with an equipment of body weight support associated with a treadmill as compared with the conventional physical therapy. All subjects presented lower fatigue at the last session than at basel...
A paresia distal crural, muito marcante nos pacientes com doença de Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT), provoca inúmeras alterações nos padrões da marcha. Vários recursos de reabilitação têm sido propostos
para gerenciar os problemas de deambulação, entre eles a utilização de órteses tornozelo-pé (OTP). O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar efeitos imediat...
A paralisia do nervo facial pode ser central ou periférica, sendo a paralisia nervosa mais acometida do corpo humano. O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer o perfil funcional dos pacientes com paralisia facial internados no Setor de Neurologia do Hospital das Clínicas da UFPR. Por meio de estudo prospectivo, com amostragem por conveniência e apli...
Introdução: A realidade virtual (RV) pode ser uma ferramenta terapêutica utilizada no campo da neurorreabilitação. É considerada uma atividade lúdica que fornece feedback visual e auditivo, facilitando a adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura a respeito da influência da RV na reabilitação de pacientes com d...
Resumo A paralisia do nervo facial pode ser central ou periférica, sendo a paralisia nervosa mais acometida do corpo humano. O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer o perfil funcional dos pacientes com paralisia facial internados no Setor de Neurologia do Hospital das Clínicas da UFPR. Por meio de estudo pros-pectivo, com amostragem por conveniênci...
Physical therapy may be of great importance in Parkinson
disease. The objective of the study is to analyze the gait in
patients with Parkinson disease treated with an equipment of
body weight support associated with a treadmill as compared
with the conventional physical therapy. All subjects presented
lower fatigue at the last session than at basel...
Introduction: The Virtual Reality (VR) can be a therapeutic tool used in neurorehabilitation field. It is considered a ludic activity that provides visual and auditory feedbacks, facilitating the patients' adherence to treatment. AIMS: To perform literature review about influences of VR in rehabilitation of patients with Parkinson's disease. Method...
Introdução: O avanço da idade repercute em declínio cognitivo, mas continua sendo um fenômeno heterogêneo. Na verdade, vários fatores extrínsecos parecem modular o impacto do envelhecimento sobre a cognição. Objetivo: Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo, estudar os possíveis efeitos do treinamento de memória e do exercício aeróbio...
Objetivo: Identificar o perfil físico-funcional de idosos de uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI) e apresentá-lo a seus gestores. Metodologia: análise dos registros de saúde de 42 idosos (> 60 anos), coletando-se: idade; sexo; tempo de institucionalização; situação de renda; escolaridade; medicamentos; tabaco; uso de fralda geriá...
To date nothing is known about the subacute phase of neurodegeneration following injury in invertebrates. Among few clues available are the results published by our group reporting hemocytes and activated glial cells at chronic and acute phases of the lesion. In vertebrates, glial activation and recruitment of immunological cells are crucial events...
It is extremely difficult to evaluate the scientific production of neuro science in Brazil from the point of view of quantitative as well as qualitative. Nowadays, there is no doubt that there have been considerable research scenery changes in Brazil, especially from the international impact. The purpose of the present study is make a provocative d...
Torna-se extremamente difícil avaliarmos a produção científica em neurociências no Brasil, seja do ponto de vista qualitativo ou quantitativo. As pesquisas no Brasil evoluíram consideravelmente nos últimos anos, principalmente do âmbito internacional, fato consumado através de resultados estampados pelas principais instituições de fomento e nos d...
Introdução: Trabalhos de extensão desenvolvidos durante a formação de profissionais de saúde tem elevado impacto sobre as comunidades assistidas, porém poucas são as publicações relatando estas experiências. Objetivo: Relatar experiências em um projeto de extensão universitária com objetivo de intervir em criança com deficiência visual estimulando...
O diabetes mellitus (DM) é decorrente de um inadequado funcionamento metabólico crônico, caracterizado por hiperglicemia com distúrbio dos carboidratos, gordura e metabolismo da proteína. O DM tem impacto substancial no perfil físico-funcional dos pacientes, entre os quais se destaca o teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6'). O objetivo do estudo...
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is the most common hereditary peripheral neuropathy in humans, presenting incidence of 1:2.500 people. The distal crural weakness of the CMT causes numerous gait impairment changes, for example, velocity, length, width and cadence of the steps. Several rehabilitation resources have been proposed to manage the walki...
Objetivos: avaliar a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) durante testes autonômicos cardiovasculares e a capacidade funcional de indivíduos com DM tipos 1 e 2. Método: foram avaliados 15 indivíduos com DM e 12 indivíduos saudáveis, durante a realização de testes autonômicos cardiovasculares de manobra de acentuação da arritmia sinusal respir...
Objectives: Evaluation of heart rate variability (HRV) during cardiovascular autonomic tests and
functional capacity of patients with type 1 and type 2 DM. Methods: Fifteen individuals with DM and
twelve healthy ones were evaluated during cardiovascular autonomic tests of maneuver enhancement
of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), handgrip and Vals...
Introduction. Studies show that music can induce different physiological responses such as changes in blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate, anxiety and limiar pain reduction, and increase of quality of life. Objective. The objective of this work is to study the influence of music on physiological mechanisms in the human body, especially in va...
People are different, but the dignity is the same. The art of caring, as well as truly masterpieces, not change nor age, however, it is fortified and given the current incandescent and stifled relationship between the characters relationship, doctor-patient. Objective. To promote, in the face of historical accounts, a discussion about the art of ca...
The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss results of a learning activity experience that used popular movies to address issues related to neurological sciences. Students from the following courses participated in the discussion group: Arts (two), Physical Therapy (ten), Property Management (one), Public Health (two), besides one individua...
Cerebral palsy it is a consequence characterized by non-progressive motor disturbance referring to his lesion. According to the lesion area, can promote different outcomes that result in functional disabilities. OBJECTIVE: to review by non-systematic way the theme cerebral palsy focusing motor prognosis, including life expectancy and functionality....
A paralisia cerebral é uma sequela de agressão encefálica caracterizada por transtorno motor não evolutivo quanto à sua lesão. De acordo com o local da lesão pode provocar diferentes seqüelas que resultam em incapacidade funcional. OBJETIVO: revisar de forma não sistemática sobre o tema paralisia cerebral, enfocando o seu prognóstico motor, incluin...
INTRODUÇÃO: O Setor Litoral da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), com seu Projeto Político-Pedagógico (PPP) inovador, baseado na Teoria da Complexidade, está finalizando o processo de implantação de sua primeira turma de Fisioterapia. OBJETIVOS: Comentar algumas das bases teóricas que sustentam tal projeto pedagógico, apresentando a experiência...
INTRODUCTION: UFPR Litoral with its innovative PPP (Political-Pedagogical Project), based on Complexity Theory, is finalizing the implementation of its first Physical Therapy graduating group. OBJECTIVES: To comment some of the theoretical basis which sustain the project, presenting the experience of PPP's collective construction process, focusing...
Quando o vazio se instala no ser: reflexões sobre o adoecer, o morrer e a morte Resumo Este trabalho decorre de exercício docente multidisciplinar sobre o adoecer, o morrer e a morte, desenvolvido em sete encontros no curso para acadêmicos de graduação em Serviço Social e Fisioterapia na Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR -Setor Litoral). Os auto...
The objective this study was to evaluate the respiratory muscle strength using the following variables: Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP), Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP) and Peak of Expiratory Flow (PEF), in a patient with Chiari type I malformation, by descriptive report case. The following functional tests were applied: Timed Up and Go, Gait...
Introduction. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a peripheral hereditary neuropathy with distal muscle atrophy in lowers extremities associated to weakness, hypoesthesia, and deep tendon reflexes decreased. Objective. To analyze the effects of hydrotherapy associated to kinesiotherapy in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Method. It was realized two evaluati...
to investigate the behavior of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure (MIP and MEP), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and pain after open cholecystectomy.
were investigated 31 volunteers over 18 years submitted to open cholecystectomy between january and december 2007 at Holy House of Charity in the city of Diamantina-MG. The MIP MEP PEF and pain va...
Stroke can bring limitations to functional task performance, thus reducing patients' independence and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to draw the epidemiological profile of hemiparetic, stroke survivors in the city of Diamantina, MG, and to foster a joint program of action by the university and local public health service, in order t...
Objective: to investigate the behavior of maximal
inspiratory and expiratory pressure (MIP and MEP),
peak expiratory flow (PEF) and pain after open cholecystectomy. Methods: were investigated 31 volunteers over 18 years submitted to open cholecystectomy between january and december 2007 at Holy House of Charity in the city of Diamantina - MG. The M...
Introduction. Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a peripheral hereditary neuropathy with distal muscle atrophy and hypoaesthesia. It can be associated to others signs such as: hypotonia, weakness, deep tendon reflexes decreased, fatigue, and clinical respiratory abnormalities. This study was carried out to evaluate and the effects of motor physio...
Sometimes ago it was not considered that the sensorimotor cortex of adult mammals could undergo changes in its organization; however, nowadays it's known that these are possible and they occur due to a series of factors. In order to understand better cerebral plasticity, the purposes of this review were to identify the reyorganizational changes tha...
SUMMARY Introduction. Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a peripheral hereditary neuropathy with distal muscle atrophy and hypoaesthesia. It can be associated to others signs such as: hypotonia, weakness, deep tendon reflexes decreased, fatigue, and clinical respiratory abnormalities. This study was carried out to evaluate and the effects of moto...
Despite several reports on the morphology and functions associated with the morphometry of the vertebrate axoplasm cytoskeleton, the subject has not been thoroughly explored in invertebrates. In vertebrates, among many other functions, microtubules (MTs) serve as scaffolding for axon assembly, and neurofilaments (NFs) as the elements that determine...
Orientadoras: Ana Maria Blanco Martinez e Silvana Allodi Inclui apêndice Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pós-Graduaçăo em Ciências Morfológicas. Defesa: Rio de Janeiro, 2008. Inclui bibliografia
Wallerian degeneration is a very well described phenomenon in the vertebrate nervous system. In arthropods, and especially in crustaceans, nerve fiber degeneration has not been described extensively. In addition, literature shows that the events do not follow the same patterns as in vertebrates. In this study we report, by qualitative and quantitat...
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the main intermediate filament protein used as a marker for the identification of astrocytes in the central nervous system of vertebrates. Analogous filaments have been observed in the glial cells of many mollusks and annelids but not in crustaceans. The present study was carried out to identify by light mi...
Neurofilaments (NFs) have not been observed in crustaceans using conventional electron microscopy, and intermediate filaments have never been described in crustaceans and other arthropods by immunocytochemistry. Since polypeptides, labeled by the NN18-clone antibody, were revealed on microtubule side-arms of crayfish, we have tested, in this study,...
Introdução. Estudos ressaltam que a música pode ocasionar diferentes respostas fisiológicas no organismo humano, como, por exemplo, alteração da pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, respiratória, redução da ansiedade e limiar de dor, e melhora da qualidade de vida. Objetivo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatur...
As pessoas são diferentes, entretanto a dignidade é a mesma. A arte de cuidar assim como as verdadeiras obras-primas não muda nem envelhece, pelo contrário, torna-se fortificada e incandescente diante da atual e asfixiada relação entre os personagens, médico-paciente. Objetivo. Promover, diante de relatos históricos, uma discussão provocativa ac...
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a força da musculatura respiratória por meio das variáveis respiratórias: Pressão Inspiratória Máxima (PImáx), Pressão Expiratória Máxima (PEmáx) e Pico de Fluxo Expiratório (PFE), em uma paciente com mal formação de Chiari I, através de relato de caso descritivo. Foram aplicados os testes funcionais: Timed Up an...
Introdução. A doença de Charcot-Marie-Tooth é uma neuropatia periférica hereditária com atrofia muscular de predomínio distal nos membros inferiores associada a déficit de força muscular, hipoestesia e diminuição dos reflexos profundos. Objetivo. Investigar os efeitos da hidroterapia associada à cinesioterapia em um paciente com doença de Charcot-M...
Questions
Questions (2)
Does anyone know what is the first paper published about physical therapy for Parkinson's disease in the world? If so, can share the reference (or the pdf file)?
I appreciate if you could help me!
I have done some RT PCR using markers such as VEGF, AT1 and AT2 in substantia nigra from rats.
The samples amplifies very well! I don't have any problem with my samples. However, blanks using beta actin and specific markers don't amplify considering the melting curve for each marker but there is a non specific amplification. What is the reason for this? Is it possible dimers linking each other? If so, how can I solve this trouble? The primers are new, pipettes are clean before using to begin any procedures for PCR.