Claudia Del Carmen Gutiérrez-Torres

Instituto Politécnico Nacional | IPN · Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica / Biomecánica

High concentrations of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), which is a hazardous substance, can be found in the wastewaters generated by the electroplating industry. High-cost treatments have been applied to remove Cr(VI) from industrial wastewaters. Simple treatments such as chemical precipitation methods use great quantities of chemical and flocculating...

A numerical code based on the finite volume discretization technique is developed to simulate the flow through a three-dimensional forward facing step. A rectangular channel encloses the forward facing step with a contraction ratio of two and an aspect ratio of four. The channel total length in the stream-wise direction is thirty times the step hei...

The main goal of this manuscript is to generalize Darcy’s law from conventional calculus to fractal calculus in order to quantify the fluid flow in subterranean heterogeneous reservoirs. For this purpose, the inherent features of fractal sets are scrutinized. A set of fractal dimensions is incorporated to describe the geometry, morphology, and frac...

Power generation using renewable technologies has become a primordial option to satisfy the energy demand all over the world, with solar concentrating technologies widely applied for this purpose. A combination of a parabolic trough collector with direct steam generation has been considered an excellent option for power generation as the economic c...

Power generation using renewable technologies has become a primordial option to satisfy the energy demand all over the world, being solar concentrating technologies widely applied for this purpose. A combination of Parabolic Trough Collector with Direct Steam Generation has been considered an excellent option for power generation, due to the econom...

In this manuscript, static and free vibration responses on Euler-Bernoulli beams with a Koch snowflake cross-section are studied. By applying the finite element method, the transversal displacement in static load condition, natural frequencies, and vibration modes are solved and validated using Matlab. For each case presented, the transversal displ...

Esta invención recae en el campo de la mecánica, más específicamente esta invención describe un sistema de reconcentración solar para minimizar los detrimentos conductivos, radiativos y convectivos en la zona focal de sistemas puntuales de magnificación solar como las cocinas solares que emplean platos parabólicos. El presente sistema es una cavida...

The effects of the control rod geometry on the oscillating forces and vortex shedding of one circular cylinder, and another with square cross section were numerically investigated. The Reynolds number (Re) based on the diameter of the main cylinder (D) is fixed at 200. The solutions were obtained by applying the finite volume method to the Navier-S...

This paper shows the comparative results of an experimental and numerical study. The numerical simulations were performed with the ANSYS/Fluent software by means of CFD applying RNG {\displaystyle k-\varepsilon } and standard {\displaystyle k-\omega } turbulence models. Experimental data were recorded of a hydrocyclone mounted on a test bench whik...

Ultrasound is presented as a potential method to be applied in the removal of pollutants from aqueous media. For this reason, it is important to study it for industrial application, in such a way that its design can be optimized, in order to find the conditions where micro-mixing processes allow faster removal reactions of contaminants to reduce tr...

In this work, the influence on the flow behavior produced by different operating conditions (varying power dissipation of 300 and 450 W, that is, 60 and 90% of maximum power and two frequencies of 500 and 1000 kHz) in sonoreactors was experimentally characterized by 2D-PIV (particle image velocimetry) technique. Based on the experimental measuremen...

Fins are widely used to dissipate heat, mainly in media used in mechanisms where forced convection predominates, an agent is required to drive the fluid and by virtue of its velocity, remove the heat from the solid body which is at a higher temperature than the fluid.

In this work, the velocity fields and vorticity of an industrial bath sonoreactor of 500 kHz were obtained experimentally evaluated by PIV technique. Based on the results obtained immediately after the sonoreactor was turned on, the velocity and the axial flow number (()), were calculated at different times. The formation of stable vortexes, near t...

Se realizó un análisis numérico de flujo laminar a través de un cilindro circular con un cilindro de control. Un total de ocho geometrías diferentes fueron probadas en posiciones angulares definidas en el intervalo (0°<θ<180°), con el fin de analizar cambios en las estructuras de flujo y parámetros aerodinámicos sobre el cilindro circular principal...

Se realizó un análisis numérico de flujo laminar a través de un cilindro circular con un cilindro de control. Un total de ocho geometrías diferentes fueron probadas en posiciones angulares definidas en el intervalo (0°<θ<180°), con el fin de analizar cambios en las estructuras de flujo y parámetros aerodinámicos sobre el cilindro circular principal...

The performances of the Standard κ-ε, RNG, Realizable, κ-w and RSM turbulence models to describe the behavior of the flow in agitated tank reactors were evaluated. Because most of these tanks have complex geometries, structured meshing schemes are not a practical alternative in engineering. Two particular unstructured meshing schemes composed of ei...

Pollution caused by Cr(VI) in water is an important social concern owing to the harmful effects of Cr(VI) on human health and the environment. Electrochemical treatment with rotating carbon steel electrodes has previously been used to remove Cr(VI), but drawbacks such as high power consumption, construction difficulties, and costly maintenance have...

Currently, sports activities are considered occupational activities. Cyclists are vulnerable to develop musculoskeletal injuries related to overuse. A static-cycling instructor can teach professional cycling from 3 to 4 h a day. Constantly, they suffer discomfort and pain in the back. The purpose of this work is to develop a protocol to monitor the...

The use of electrochemical reactors to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in aqueous media, has shown remarkable results and it can be considered as a potential clean technology. In order to increase the reactor performance, its hydrodynamics must be studied. In this work, an electrochemical reactor with rotating rings electrodes and inner impelle...

This chapter is intended to present to readers a general scope of the technical, theoretical, and numerical applications of computational fluid dynamics using the finite volume method, restricted to incompressible turbulent flows (Ma < 0.3). The main objective of this chapter was to provide readers of a starting point to select an adequate numerica...

Circulating fluidized beds (CFB) has been applied widely in many industries mainly because of its high mass, momentum, and energy transfer capacity. In Chemical Engineering Industry, among other applications is used in the FCC Process riser in the Oil Refining facilities. To get a proper riser design, a good understanding and modeling of gas-solid...

In this work 2D numerical simulations of gas-solid flow hydrodynamic and thermal behavior in an industrial riser is made using a Computational Fluid Dynamics model. The mixture goes out from the riser through two lateral upper asymmetric outlets. The system is considered to be adiabatic and the system is solved through a transient Eulerian approach...

Playing the drums requires effort, speed and highly repetitive movements. Drummers are constantly exposed to maintain uncomfortable and unhealthy postures by long periods of time, which increases the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. A professional drummer performs from three to 6 hours daily to achieve high performance levels. Because of that, the...

This paper presents a CFD study about the effect of the V and U grooves in the flow over four cylinders in diamond shape configuration at subcritical flow conditions (Re = 41 000). The k - ε Realizable turbulence model was implemented to fully structured hexahedral grids with near-wall refinements. Results showed that the numerical model was able t...

In this paper, a comparative numerical study of the subcritical flow over a smooth cylinder and a cylinder with V grooves (Re = 140,000) is presented. The implemented technique was the Large Eddy Simulation (LES), which according to Kolmogorov's theory, resolves directly the most energetic largest eddies and models the smallest and considered unive...

A numerical simulation for mixed convective airflow through a vertical finned channel was carried out by means of a MATLAB® code. Steady state and two dimensional conditions are considered for solving the problem. The discretization technique used was finite volume and the SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Pressure Linked Equations) algorithm was used to link...

A numerical simulation for mixed convective airflow through a vertical finned channel was carried out by means of a MATLAB® code. Steady state and two dimensional conditions are considered for solving the problem. The discretization technique used was finite volume and the SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Pressure Linked Equations) algorithm was used to link...

With the aim of numerically replicating a drag reduction phenomenon induced by grooves presence, this paper presents a comparative large eddy simulation study of the flow over a smooth circular cylinder, and the flow over a U-grooved cylinder, at Re = 140,000, which is near transition between the subcritical and critical flow regimes. The grid dens...

The present work details the three-dimensional numerical simulation of single-phase and two-phase flow (air-water) in a venturi scrubber with an inlet and throat diameters of 250 and 122.5 mm, respectively. The dimensions and operating parameters correspond to industrial applications. The mass flow rate conditions were 0.483 kg/s, 0.736 kg/s, 0.861...

The present work details the three-dimensional numerical simulation of single-phase and two-phase flow (air-water) in a venturi scrubber with an inlet and throat diameters of 250 and 122.5 mm, respectively. The dimensions and operating parameters correspond to industrial applications. The mass flow rate conditions were 0.483 kg/s, 0.736 kg/s, 0.861...

In this paper the comparative results of three numerical simulations of the subcritical turbulent flow over a circular cylinder (Re = 140,000) for the cases of a “U” grooved cylinder, a smooth cylinder, and a “V” grooved cylinder are presented. Due to the high resolution capabilities of the LES model, it was preferred over the RANS or URANS turbule...

This work develops a protocol for tracking thermal parameters (skin temperature) in operators (men and women) that work in an experimental assembly station, by monitoring the temperature of the skin on the back-shoulders-hand, using the method of infrared thermography as a noninvasive tool for risk assessment in musculoskeletal diseases. The study...

En el presente trabajo se valida un modelo numérico propuesto en 2D para el flujo gas-sólidos en un riser (tubo elevador) del Proceso de Desintegración Catalítica en Lecho Fluidizado (FCC). El riser tiene 0.2 m de diámetro y 14.2 m de altura y por el fondo del riser se alimenta aire de fluidización con una velocidad de 5.2 m/s, mientras que la mezc...

RESUMEN En este trabajo se presenta un estudio experimental del flujo con un escalón al frente (FFS). El conducto que encierra al escalón tiene una relación de aspecto y contracción de 10 y 2 respectivamente. El número de Reynolds utilizado es función de la altura del escalón h y corresponde a un valor de Re h = 1 250. Se utilizó la técnica de velo...

CFD simulations of a rotating reactor used to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from industrial wastewaters are presented in this work. The reaction time dependence on the angular speed was experimentally demonstrated and these results were examined using the flow velocity and turbulence intensity fields obtained by computational fluid dynamics (...

The present work shows some applications of the software SOLEEC, which is used to get the best geometric designing features for Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTC) based on the receiver tube external diameter. Users can choose different manufacturing materials among the most used for these collectors and then make a thermal evaluation for a PTC desig...

The healthcare sector in one of the largest industries in the world, the operating systems in the healthcare sector are characterized by making a significant impact on the lives of people in the community, not just the bottom line in the organization. That is the reason why the research applying industrial engineering principles to health care syst...

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be typically used to achieve Continuous Monitoring (CM) or Event-Detection inside the supervised area. In CM applications each sensor node transmits periodically its sensed data to the sink node while in Event-Detection Driven (EDD) applications, once an event occurs, it is reported to the sink node by the sensor...

imágenes de partículas (PIV). Los resultados experimentales y numéricos presentan una diferencia de 6%. PALABRAS CLAVE Simulación numérica, técnica de volúmenes finitos, vórtice helicoidal, técnica de PIV. ABSTRACT This paper presents the fluid flow analysis in a rectangular channel with a forward facing step (FFS). Reynolds number is calculated ba...

A shape correction factor for flake-like particles is applied to six different previously reported models (Leith and Licht model, ideal laminar cyclonic flow model, ideal turbulent cyclonic flow model, mixed flow model, Zhang and Basu model, and Avci and Karagoz model) to calculate cyclone collection efficiency. The correction factor was obtained u...

An experimental study was performed over forward facing step (FFS). It was located within a transparent rectangular acrylic channel (1.4 m in length, 0.1 m in width and 0.02 m in height). The step is 0.01 m in height and 0.1 m in width, and was located 0.7 m downstream (fully developed region); a spanwise aspect ratio, w/h = 10 was used. The experi...

The separation and reattachment for a laminar flow through of a forward facing step channel (FFS) was numerically and experimentally studied in this work. Three different Reynolds numbers (269, 365, 530) were analyzed and in order to considered the strong flow tri-dimensionality, the channel aspect ratio was set equal to four (RA=4). Hence the rele...

A study of the mechanical behavior of three composite materials under compressive, flexural, hardness and impact stress is presented in this research. The experimental work consisted on manufacturing and characterizing the composites. Firstly, the volcanic ashes, clay, water and other adherent ingredients were mixed. Then, this mixture was winteriz...

Resumen Se desarrolla un código numérico basado en la técnica de los volúmenes finitos para simular las estructuras de flujo y la transferencia de calor en un ducto horizontal que encierra un escalón. El campo de velocidades y la distribución del campo de presión se relacionan numéricamente por medio del algoritmo SIMPLE. Las dimen-siones del ducto...

A finite volume discretization technique is used to develop a numerical code to simulate the flow structures and forced convection in a forward facing step channel. The velocity field and pressure distribution inside the computacional domain are linked by the SIMPLE algorithm. The duct dimensions are defined in terms of the step height, such that t...

A numerical simulation of a flow passing throw two NACA 0012 airfoils is presented in this paper. Aerodynamics, drag forces, and pressure drop is quantified when both profiles are axially aligned and then when one of them is vertically displaced. NUMECA code and Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model were used for this purpose. The results showed that a...

Numerical simulation for the three-dimensional laminar flow through a forward facing step channel was simulated by Fluent 6.3 code. Four Reynolds numbers and four step lengths were analyzed. The results showed that the length of the recirculation zone upstream the step depends on Reynolds number, as well as on the step height (h), while the height...

Experimental results for turbulence intensity measurements within a cyclone separator are presented in this work. Experimental data was obtained in a tangential-radial plane located 5 mm from the top wall of the cyclone separator. PIV technique was used to obtain experimental data at three different flow conditions (Re = 3.66×104 , Re = 9.15×104 ,...

Turbulent boundary layer modification in a channel flow using injection of microbubbles as a means to achieve drag reduction was studied. The physical mechanism of this phenomenon is not yet fully understood. To obtain some information related to this phenomenon, single-phase (pure water) flow and two-phase (water and microbubbles) channel flow mea...

LA INYECCIÓN DE MICROBURBUJAS EN LA CAPA LÍMITE TURBULENTA EN EL FLUJO DENTRO DE UN CANAL ES INVESTIGADA PARA ENTENDER EL FENÓMENO DE REDUCCIÓN DEL ARRASTRE. RESULTADOS EXPERIMENTALES EN UN FLUJO TOTALMENTE DESARROLLADO DENTRO DE UN CANAL CERRADO FUERON OBTENIDOS UTILIZANDO LA TÉCNICA DE VELOCIMETRÍA POR IMÁGENES DE PARTÍCULAS (PIV) PARA UNA SOLA F...

A visualization of the flow patterns within a cyclone separator was carried out. This visualization was performed under different conditions (Re=123720 y Re=23860) to determine the influence of cyclone inlet gas velocity on the flow patterns. Smoke particles were injected into the gas stream entering a cyclone built using cast acrylic. The smoke pa...

An evaluation of energy use in an Auxiliary Service Plant is presented in this work. The exergy method was used to show there is an inadequate use of energy in the Plant's devices. It was computed that the exergetic efficiency of the plant is 44.27 %, and it was found that 97.65% of exergy destruction is concentrated in seven equipments (three stea...

Laminar mixed convection over a backward-facing step is studied and presented in this work. A finite volume discretization technique is used to solve the momentum and energy equations. The SIMPLE algorithm is used to link the pressure distribution and velocity field inside the computational domain. The buoyancy forces affecting the velocity and tem...

Laminar mixed convection over a backward-facing step is studied and presented in this work. A finite volume discretization technique is used to solve the momentum and energy equations. The SIMPLE algorithm is used to link the pressure distribution and velocity field inside the computational domain. The buoyancy forces affecting the velocity and tem...

Injection of microbubbles within the turbulent boundary layer has been investigated for several years as a method to achieve drag reduction. However, the physical mechanism of this phenomenon is not yet fully understood. Experiments in a channel flow for single phase (water) and two phase (water and microbubbles) flows with various void fraction va...

A new mathematical model to evaluate the coefficient of performance of a finite time Carnot heat pump is developed in this study. It is assumed that its cycle is internally reversible and externally irreversible. The irreversibilities due to finite time processes are included in the heat transfer processes of the cycle. On the other hand, the time...

Cyclones are one of the most used equipment for gas cleaning. These devices are widely used because of their simple construction, low energy requirements and their ability to work with high temperature and pressure levels. In this work, a flow visualization of a cyclone separation system is carried out. For that purpose, smoke particles and a laser...

Microbubbles injection within the turbulent boundary layer in a channel flow to achieve drag reduction was investigated in a channel under fully developed conditions for a Reynolds number of 5128. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to measure velocity fields in the x -y plane close to the upper wall in a channel for single phase and two-phas...

In an effort to achieve a better understanding of the drag reduction mechanism by microbubbles injection, the structure of flow turbulence in a water channel with microbubbles is studied using particle image velocimetry technique (PIV) at Re-h=5128. Full field of the two-dimensional velocity components (streamwise and normal) within a location clos...

An investigation of turbulent structure modification of a boundary layer for a fully developed channel flow by microbubble injection close to the upper wall was carried out using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Two-dimensional velocity components in an x-y plane at Reynolds number of 5128 based on the half height of the channel and bulk velocity...

The effects of micro-bubbles injection within the boundary layer to achieve drag reduction are investigated. Modifications in the structure of the turbulent boundary layer of a channel flow are studied to clarify the effects of the micro-bubbles presence. A comparison of the integral length scale for the stream-wise and normal components of the flu...

Measurements were carried out near the upper wall of a turbulent water channel flow at Reynolds number equal to 10256 (considering total height of the channel and the bulk velocity). Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurement technique was used to record instantaneous velocity fields in the x-y plane. The evaluation of the one dimensional spectra...

The question of “where and how the turbulent drag arises” is one of the most fundamental problems unsolved in fluid mechanics. However, the physical mechanism responsible for the friction drag reduction is still not well understood. Over decades, it is found that the turbulence production and self-containment in a boundary layer are organized pheno...

Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

A mathematical model for the Operant Coefficient of an endoreversible Carnot cycle performing as a heat pump was developed using the minimal entropy generation criterion. This cycle is internally reversible and externally irreversible. The external irreversibilities are associated with both the heat transfer processes due to temperature difference...

Injection of microbubbles within the boundary layer is one of the promising methods to achieve drag reduction. The environmental friendly characteristics of this method make it suitable in several applications as in large ships, pipe line transportation of fluids, etc. Although this phenomenon has been studied for several decades, the physical mech...

Se desarrolló el modelo matemático correspondiente al Coeficiente de Operación (COP) del ciclo de Carnot para una bomba de calor endorreversible, aplicando el criterio de mínima generación de entropía. Este ciclo tiene como características principales ser internamente reversible y externamente irreversible. Las irreversibilidades externas están aso...

An investigation of turbulent structure modification of a boundary layer for a fully developed channel flow by microbubble injection close to the upper wall was carried out using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Two-dimensional velocity components in an x-y plane at Reynolds number of 5128 based on the half height of the channel and bulk velocity...