Claudia Müller-Birn

Freie Universität Berlin | FUB · Institute of Computer Science

Data collections, such as those from citizen science projects, can provide valuable scientific insights or help the public to make decisions based on real demand. At the same time, the collected data might cause privacy risks for their volunteers, for example, by revealing sensitive information. Similar but less apparent trade-offs exist for data c...

The secondary use of routinely collected patient data made possible by the broad consent form is seen as a prerequisite for developing data-driven health technologies. In Germany, relevant stakeholder groups (e.g., ethics committees and data protection authorities) specified the broad consent form; however, only one group of patient representatives...

This book contains selected papers from the 2023 annual conference of the "Plattform Privatheit", highlighting the importance and impact of data sharing in today's society. It offers an insight into the legal framework, ethical challenges and practical approaches to the use of data. Experts from various disciplines shed light on how data can contri...

Just as other disciplines, the humanities explore how computational research approaches and tools can meaningfully contribute to scholarly knowledge production. Building on related work from the areas of CSCW and HCI, we approach the design of computational tools through the analytical lens of 'human-AI collaboration.' Such work investigates how hu...

Just as other disciplines, the humanities explore how computational research approaches and tools can meaningfully contribute to scholarly knowledge production. We approach the design of computational tools through the analytical lens of 'human-AI collaboration.' However, there is no generalizable concept of what constitutes 'meaningful' human-AI c...

In this article, we reconsider elements of Agre’s critical technical practice approach ( Agre, 1997 ) for critical technical practice approach for reflexive artificial intelligence (AI) research and explore ways and expansions to make it productive for an operationalization in contemporary data science. Drawing on Jörg Niewöhner’s co-laboration app...

Internationally, evidence exists that physicians use instant messaging services for communication tasks in everyday clinical practice However, there are only few data on physicians in Germany in this regard. Therefore, at the initiation of our project “DocTalk-Dialog meets Chatbot: Collaborative Learning and Teaching in the Process of Work”, we con...

Decisions about sharing personal information are not trivial, since there are many legitimate and important purposes for such data collection, but often the collected data can reveal sensitive information about individuals. Privacy-preserving technologies, such as differential privacy (DP), can be employed to protect the privacy of individuals and,...

Participatory Design means recognizing that those who will be affected by a future technology should have an active say in its creation. Yet, despite continuous interest in involving people as future users and consumers into designing novel and innovative future technology, participatory approaches in technology design remain relatively underdevelo...

Routinely collected clinical patient data posits a valuable resource for data-driven medical innovation. Such secondary data use for medical research purposes is dependent on the patient's consent. To gain an understanding of the patients' values and needs regarding medical data donations, we developed a participatory workshop method, integrating a...

Educating students from diverse disciplinary backgrounds is challenging. In this article, we report on our interdisciplinary course coding interaction and design (Coding IxD), which is designed for computer science and design students alike. This course has been developed over several years by consciously deliberating on existing hurdles within the...

Mobility data is essential for cities and communities to identify areas for necessary improvement. Data collected by mobility providers already contains all the information necessary, but privacy of the individuals needs to be preserved. Differential privacy (DP) defines a mathematical property which guarantees that certain limits of privacy are pr...

During a research project in which we developed a machine learning (ML) driven visualization system for non-ML experts, we reflected on interpretability research in ML, computer-supported collaborative work and human-computer interaction. We found that while there are manifold technical approaches, these often focus on ML experts and are evaluated...

During a research project in which we developed a machine learning (ML) driven visualization system for non-ML experts, we reflected on interpretability research in ML, computer-supported collaborative work and human-computer interaction. We found that while there are manifold technical approaches, these often focus on ML experts and are evaluated...

We present an exploratory case study describing the design and realisation of a ''pure mixed reality'' application in a museum setting, where we investigate the potential of using Microsoft's HoloLens for object-centred museum mediation. Our prototype supports non-expert visitors observing a sculpture by offering interpretation that is linked to vi...

Researchers and practitioners increasingly consider a human-centered perspective in the design of machine learning-based applications, especially in the context of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). However, clear methodological guidance in this context is still missing because each new situation seems to require a new setup, which also cre...

Die großen Verlage haben ein neues Geschäftsfeld entdeckt: die Überwachung von Wissenschaftlern und den Verkauf ihrer Daten. Sie nehmen dadurch weitreichenden Einfluss auf die Forschung. Die Europäische Union muss dringend eingreifen.

The global infrastructure of the Web, designed as an open and transparent system, has a significant impact on our society. However, algorithmic systems of corporate entities that neglect those principles increasingly populated the Web. Typical representatives of these algorithmic systems are recommender systems that influence our society both on a...

People react differently to inspirations shown to them during brainstorming. Existing research on large-scale ideation systems has investigated this phenomenon through aspects of timing, inspiration similarity and inspiration integration. However, these approaches do not address people's individual preferences. In the research presented, we aim to...

Mit der wachsenden Bedeutung algorithmischer Systeme in gesellschaftlichen Kontexten nimmt die Debatte darüber, wie sie gestaltet werden sollten, zu. Die Wikipedia-Community hat bereits vielfältige Erfahrungen mit der Gestaltung und dem Einsatz algorithmischer Systeme sammeln können. So hat sich in den letzten 15 Jahren eine soziotechnische Assembl...

The paper shows how context-aware relational infrastructure enables non-technical disciplines to become more involved in data-oriented research practices and environments. A new Open Access journal from the field of film studies is presented that, with the help of the semantic annotation tool neonion, creates associations between its research artic...

Interactive intelligent systems, i.e., interactive systems that employ AI technologies, are currently present in many parts of our social, public and political life. An issue reoccurring often in the development of these systems is the question regarding the level of appropriate human and computer contributions. Engineers and designers lack a way o...

Interactive intelligent systems, i.e., interactive systems that employ AI technologies, are currently present in many parts of our social, public and political life. An issue reoccurring often in the development of these systems is the question regarding the level of appropriate human and computer contributions. Engineers and designers lack a way o...

Forschen und Gestalten sind experimentelle Vorgehensweisen, die darauf ausgerichtet sind, etwas Neues, noch nicht Existierendes hervorzubringen. Sie haben beide Projektcharakter, denn sie führen an einen Nullpunkt des Wissens. Doch welche Strategien und Verfahren sind es, die aus diesem Nichtwissen, diesen Vermutungen und Ideen zu konkreten Ergebni...

Wikidata is one of the most edited knowledge bases which contains structured data. It serves as the data source for many projects in the Wikimedia sphere and beyond. Since its inception in October 2012, it has been increasingly growing in term of both its community and its content. This growth is reflected by an expanding number of research focusin...

Handelte es sich bei dem Beitrag des Präsidenten der Freien Universität Berlin Günther M. Ziegler “Die Bedeutung der Verlage wandelt sich” wieder nur um ein “Loblied auf “Open Access" als Zukunft des wissenschaftlichen Publizierens”? Diesen Vorwurf jedenfalls machte Wolfgang Sander dem Präsidenten in seinem kurzen Kommentar vom 12. Juni 2019. Doch...

Wikidata, initially developed to serve as a central structured knowledge base for Wikipedia, is now a melting point for structured data for companies, research projects and other peer production communities. Wikidata's community consists of humans and bots, and most edits in Wikidata come from these bots. Prior research has raised concerns regardin...

Project IKON aims to explore potentials for transferring knowledge generated in research projects at a major Berlin research institution, the Museum für Naturkunde (MfN, natural history museum). Knowledge transfer concerns both the exchange of knowledge among the employees (researchers as well as communicators or management staff), and with the bro...

Machine learning systems are ubiquitous in various kinds of digital applications and have a huge impact on our everyday life. But a lack of explainability and interpretability of such systems hinders meaningful participation by people, especially by those without a technical background. Interactive visual interfaces (e.g., providing means for manip...

Interpretability has become a key objective in the research, development and implementation of machine learning algorithms. However, existing notions of interpretability may not be conducive to how meaning emerges in algorithmic systems that employ ML algorithms. In this provocation, we propose that hermeneutic analyses can be used to probe assumpt...

Today's algorithmic systems are increasingly ubiquitous, while advancements in machine learning, especially deep learning, have made them nearly incomprehensible in their functioning. With the growing presence of these algorith-mic systems for supporting or even replacing human decision making, contemporary designers and engineers in both academia...

Evaluating and selecting ideas is a critical and time-consuming step in collaborative ideation, making computational support for this task a desired research goal. However, existing automatic approaches to idea selection might eliminate valuable ideas. In this work we combine automatic approaches with human sensemaking. Kaleidoscope is an explorato...

Explicit semantic enrichments make digital scholarly publications potentially easy to find, to navigate, to organize and to understand. But whereas the generation of explicit semantic information is common in fields like biomedical research, comparable approaches are rare for domains in the humanities. Apart from a lack of authoritive structured kn...

Recent research suggests that in visual analytics tasks, collaborative sensemaking relies on successful collaboration between humans and software agents. To advance the understanding of such collaboration, we consider that both, the human and the software agent, possess a form of situational awareness which, when coordinated, can enrich the collabo...

Algorithms increasingly impact on human-decision making; they are used to stimulate, inform, control and react to human activities. Instead of designing systems that hide the inner working of algorithms, i.e. that are opaque, there is a pressing need to explain the decisions made by algorithmic processes to users. Algorithmic systems should communi...

Purpose: The traditional means of pursuing research by having all the parameters and processes under one roof has given way to collaborative mechanisms of performing the same task. Collaborative work increases the quality of research and it is a big contributing factor to augment the growth of the scientific knowledge. This process leads to trainin...

Crowd ideation platforms provide a promising approach for supporting the idea generation process. Research has shown that presenting a set of similar or diverse ideas to users during ideation leads them to come-up with more creative ideas. In this paper, we describe Innovonto, a crowd ideation platform that leverages semantic web technologies and h...

Semantic technologies provide meaning to information resources in the form of machine-accessible structured data. Research over the past two decades has commonly focused on tools and interfaces for technical experts, leading to various usability problems regarding users unfamiliar with the underlying technologies – so-called nontechnical experts. E...

A major goal of collaborative ideation is improving the creativity of the ideas generated. Recent approaches enhance creativity by showing users similar ideas during productive ideation and diverse ideas when they reach an impasse. However, related work either demands a higher mental effort from users to assess similarity or yields only a limited n...

The internal transfer of knowledge is a critical success factor for research organisations. However, little emphasis is placed on the intra-organisational transfer of knowledge due to the focus on knowledge transfer to external stakeholders. We introduce our research in progress project that aims to uncover opportunities for the intra-organisationa...

The internal transfer of knowledge is a critical success factor for research organisations. However, little emphasis is placed on the intra-organisa-tional transfer of knowledge due to the focus on knowledge transfer to external stakeholders. We introduce our research in progress project that aims to uncover opportunities for the intra-organisation...

Project poster for the 5th AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing, Quebec City, Canada

In many research projects, much more data are created than made publicly available. Keeping research data deliberately closed or publishing only selected subsections of the gathered data are unfortunately common practices in academia. Fortunately, such problems have been getting more and more attention in the past years. However, another issue that...

Enhancing creativity has been paid a lot of attention recently, especially with the emergence of online collaborative ideation. Prior work has shown that, in addition to the exposure of diverse and creative examples, visualising the solution space enables ideators to be inspired and, thus, arrive at more creative ideas. However, existing automated...

The Semantic Web provides meaning to information resources in the form of machine-accessible structured data. Research in the Semantic Web field focuses commonly on tools and interfaces for technical experts leading to various usability problems. The complexity of Semantic Web technology makes it difficult especially for nontechnical experts to use...

Research-intensive organizations struggle to get an actionable overview of their research activities. We report on a preliminary architecture of a socio-technical system that aims to uncover the potential for internal transfer of knowledge and to facilitate this transfer in research-intensive organizations. We discuss two important roles in this hu...

While literature portals in the biomedical domain already enhance their search applications with ontological concepts, data portals offering biological primary data still use a classical keyword search. Similar to publications, biological primary data are described along meta information such as author, title, location and time which is stored in a...

The sensemaking process is a complex task in academic research practice. Scholars annotate on their research resources to reflect impressions, insights and facts, as well as reduce the cognitive load in their working memory as a prerequisite for carrying out such sensemaking processes. Given the data-intensive nature of research and the increased c...

Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) ist ein relativ junges Forschungsgebiet in Deutschland. Der Fokus der FDM-Bestrebungen liegt oft auf dem Ausbau der Infrastruktur und der effizienten Speicherung der Daten einzelner Wissenschaftsdisziplinen oder Communities. Ein integriertes Forschungsdatenmanagement sollte jedoch an den Forschungsprozessen ausgerich...

A primary goal of a research infrastructure for data management should be to enable efficient data discovery and integration of heterogeneous data. The German Federation for Biological Data (GFBio) was guided by this goal. The basic component, that enables such interoperability and serves as a backbone for such a platform, is the GFBio Terminology...

Building a shared understanding of a specific area of interest is of increasing importance in today’s information-centric world. A shared understanding of a domain can be realized by building a structured knowledge base about it collaboratively. Our research is driven by the goal to understand participation patterns over time in collaborative knowl...

Research has become more data-intensive over the last few decades. Sharing research data is often a challenge, especially for interdisciplinary collaborative projects. One primary goal of a research infrastructure for data management should be to enable efficient data discovery and integration of heterogeneous data. In order to enable such interope...

Wikidata promises to reduce factual inconsistencies across all Wikipedia language versions. It will enable dynamic data reuse and complex fact queries within the world's largest knowledge database. Studies of the existing participation patterns that emerge in Wikidata are only just beginning. What delineates most of the contributions in the system...

Wikidata promises to reduce factual inconsistencies across all Wikipedia language versions. It will enable dynamic data reuse and complex fact queries within the world’s largest knowledge database. Studies of the existing participation patterns that emerge in Wikidata are only just beginning. What delineates most of the contributions in the system...

The reading of text resources in scholarly settings can take various forms. Each form provides scholars with different insights that complement each other. The first findings from an ongoing series of interviews on scholarly annotation practices suggest that users are aware of the various forms of reading, but they are reluctant to use automatic an...

Wikipedia is a collaboratively-edited online encyclopaedia that relies on thousands of editors to both contribute articles and maintain their quality. Over the last years, research has extensively investigated this group of users while another group of Wikipedia users, the readers, their preferences and their behavior have not been much studied. Th...

In the literature on different forms of online collaboration, a growing variety of empirical phenomena is subsumed under labels such as “crowdsourcing” or “community”. Defining online collaboration as a form of organizing self-selected actors leading to a joint outcome, we try to clarify these concepts in form of a three-dimensional continuum. On o...

Research has shown the importance of a functioning governance system for the success of peer production communities. It particularly highlights the role of human coordination and communication within the governance regime. In this article, we extend this line of research by differentiating two categories of governance mechanisms. The first category...

The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to model, analyze and visualize online production systems, such as Wikipedia, open source software development processes, and Flickr. While the final result of the production in these systems depends on the type of product (e.g., content, software, and tags), there are similarities in their modes...

Existing collaboration and innovation in scientific communities can be enhanced by understanding the underlying patterns and hidden relations. Social network analysis is an appropriate method to reveal such patterns. Nevertheless, research in this area is mainly focused on social networks. One promising approach is to use homophily networks as well...

The emergence of the social Web offers new opportunities for scientists to explore open virtual communities. Various approaches have appeared in terms of statistical evaluation, descriptive studies and network analyses, which pursue an enhanced understanding of existing mechanisms developing from the interplay of technical and social infrastructure...

Processing is a very powerful visualization language which combines software concepts with principles of visual form and interaction. Artists, designers and architects use it but it is also a very effective programming language in the area of visual analytics. In the following contribution Processing is utilized in order to visually analyze data pr...

Researchers of computer science and social science are increasingly interested in the Social Web and its applications. To improve existing infrastructures, to evaluate the success of available services, and to build new virtual communities and their applications, an understanding of dynamics and evolution of inherent social and informational struct...

A wiki can be seen as a social information space which features characteristics of complex, adaptive systems. As a consequence of this complexity a complete description and hence a prognosis of system change and development is only possible to a certain extent. A model is introduced which deals with examining wikis by means of dynamics, stability a...

Increasingly wikis are used to support existing corporate knowledge exchange processes. They are an appropriate software solution to support knowledge processes. However, it is not yet proven whether wikis are an adequate knowledge management tool or not. This paper presents a new approach to analyze existing knowledge exchange processes in wikis b...

Social network analysis (SNA) is increasingly applied to analyze existing knowledge exchange processes in companies. In the past, these processes were mainly analyzed by traditional business process modeling methods. Same of these methods are working with a specific knowledge perspective, e.g. KMDL (Knowledge Modeling and Description Language). The...

Der Unternehmenswandel ist infolge der turbulenten Umwelt zu einem Dauerzustand avanciert.1 Dies ist unter anderem auf die Globalisierung der Märkte und die Verknappung der Ressourcen zurückzuführen. Unternehmen müssen flexibel auf die Bedürfnisse der Kunden nach individuellen Produkten reagieren und der Herausfordurung nach kürzeren Produktentwick...

During the federal funding program ‘New Media in Education’, a project group was established, which produces learning contents for two E-Learning offerings of an international virtual university. The continuous improvement and development of the required production processes with the objective of creating professional and competitive learning units...