Claudia Miranda-Castillo

Universidad Andrés Bello | UNAB · Faculty of Nursing

Background: There is a dearth of research on the health and psychosocial support needs of unpaid carers in low- and middle-income countries, where approximately 80% of all people living with a disability or functional impairment and who may need support with their activities of daily living currently reside. Objectives: To explore the variables ass...

Objectives: Latin American longitudinal studies in family carers of people living with dementia (PLWD) are scarce. This study aimed to determine the trajectories of depressive and anxious symptomatology in Chilean family carers of PLWD over two years. Methods: A telephone survey was conducted with 300 family caregivers of PLWD at baseline (T1) who...

Background COVID-19-related restrictions led to an increase in overall loneliness and social isolation. Before the pandemic, care partners reported higher levels of loneliness and higher loneliness prevalence compared to non-care partners. Because of the spread and severity of the infections, and the access to support spread, we expect a different...

During the COVID-19 pandemic, older people were exposed to high levels of anxiety and stress leading to loneliness and depressive disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of anxiety, positive coping, perceived social support, and perceived stress on depression and loneliness among older people during the COVID-19 p...

Introduction: Globally, there is a growing number of population with noncommunicable and aging diseases that are eligible for palliative care. Objective: To analyze when palliative care should be integrated in people with non-oncological chronic diseases and the implications of its implementation. Methodology: Review of scientific literature in the...

By 2050, two-thirds of people with dementia will live in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Efforts to adapt and test multi-modal prevention interventions focusing on lifestyle changes for people at risk of dementia are being developed predominantly in higher income countries, for people with and without cognitive symptoms. However, there is...

Using a propensity score matching approach, this study evaluates the effect of caring on the physical health, mental health and subjective well-being of Chilean older people. The average treatment effect was not significant in any of the outcomes to physical health. However, older carers – and those who care intensely – were more likely to have dep...

Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of loneliness in informal caregivers of people with dementia in Chile during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods:195 Chilean informal caregivers responded to an online or telephone survey. They were asked about sociodemographic aspects, clinical and caregiving changes experienced by them an...

Objetivo: Analizar críticamente los factores involucrados en el proceso de asentimiento/consentimiento en niños(as) y adolescentes en la investigación. Metodología: Revisión integrativa de evidencia científica realizada entre abril a junio del 2023, de manuscritos publicados entre los años 2014 y 2023 en bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed, CUID...

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO: La soledad es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades físicas y mentales, causando disminución en la calidad de vida y un aumento de la mortalidad. El objetivo de este artículo fue determinar los factores predictores de soledad en personas cuidadoras informales de personas con demencia dentro de un contexto d...

Los cuidadores informales presentan altos niveles de estrés y sobrecarga frente al cuidado de personas a fin de vida. Sin embargo, algunos han logrado afrontar esta situación a través de su autoeficacia. OBJETIVO: El objetivo de esta revisión fue identificar los factores que influyen en el desarrollo de la autoeficacia en cuidadores informales de p...

Background COVID‐19‐related restrictions led to an increase in loneliness and social isolation Historically, dementia care partners present worse mental health and higher burden than non‐dementia care partners. We aimed to analyse the during‐COVID‐19 loneliness levels of Latin American care partners and explore differences between care partners of...

Approximately one in five Chilean older adults has some degree of dependency. Limited evidence is available on self-perceived needs in Latin-American older people. The main aim of this study was to identify predictors of unmet needs of dependent older persons without cognitive impairment, considering personal and primary informal caregivers’ factor...

Objectives: This study explored the relationship between Internet use and informal caregivers' characteristics. Methods: We used the Chilean Sociodemographic Characterization Survey. A total of 86,172 informal caregivers were identified. We conducted a weighted χ2 to test differences in 10 types of Internet use and weighted logistic regressions...

This book presents current evidence of new perspectives for the prevention and appropriate management of depression in people across the life course. Special attention has been dedicated to facilitating factors for the development of health system capacity and the effectiveness of the different types of interventions. The first part of the book rev...

Introducción: diversa evidencia propone que estudiantes universitarios de primeros años son un grupo de especial riesgo para el desarrollo de síntomas depresivos, algo que se ha visto incrementado durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Estos estudiantes han debido hacer uso de estrategias de regulación emocional aún en desarrollo para hacer frente a estr...

The COVID‐19 pandemic has impacted the wellbeing of older adults. Pandemic‐related stress has implications on cognitive status, including decline due to Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Yet, evidence suggests that COVID‐19 has impacted culturally and linguistically diverse communities differently. We sought to examine the role of COVID‐19...

Backgrounds The prevalence of loneliness increases among older adults, varies across countries, and is related to within-country socioeconomic, psychosocial, and health factors. The 2000–2019 pooled prevalence of loneliness among adults 60 years and older went from 5.2% in Northern Europe to 24% in Eastern Europe, while in the US was 56% in 2012. T...

During the COVID‐19 pandemic, loneliness has increased in the general population due to government measures to contain the spread of the disease. In Latin America (LA), caregiving is most often delivered informally by family members Family caregivers often face mental health challenges linked to their caregiving role and their social context. Pande...

Demographic aging is a worldwide phenomenon. Dementia is one of the most disabling conditions affecting older people, and its prevalence and associated costs are expected to rise significantly within the next few decades. Most people living with dementia, especially those from low socioeconomic backgrounds, are cared for and supported by their fami...

El acelerado envejecimiento de la población en Chile y los cambios en la estructura y dinámicas familiares ponen de relieve la importancia de abordar la problemática del desajuste entre la demanda y la oferta de cuidados de personas mayores dependientes. Actualmente los cuidados informales no remunerados, asumidos en su gran mayoría por las mujeres...

Background: There is a global agreement in the medical community that a significant proportion of dementia cases could be prevented or postponed. One of the factors behind this agreement comes from scientific evidence showing that mind-body interventions such as mindfulness and yoga for the elderly have been related to a range of positive outcomes...

Este informe se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación “Trayectorias de salud mental, estresores y recursos de afrontamiento psicológico de estudiantes de educación superior de la región de Valparaíso a partir de la pandemia por COVID-19”. El estudio, que se desarrolla en el contexto del Instituto Milenio para la investigación en Depresión y Perso...

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate a comprehensive model that includes predictors of use, types of internet use, and psychological well-being outcomes in the older population. Methods: The total sample comprised 650 older Internet users. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the effect of predictors (i.e., effort expectancy, per...

Background: The global population is ageing, with an estimated one in five people aged 60 by 2050. Latin America is one of the fastest ageing areas of the world and accurate clinical and research assessment measures of mental health in this ageing population are needed. It is not known which psychometric measures of older people's mental health an...

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed existing gaps in policies, systems and services, stressing the need for concerted global action on healthy aging. Similar to the COVID-19 pandemic, dementia is a challenge for health systems on a global scale. Our hypothesis is that translational potential lies in cross-country learning by involving three high-inc...

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and feelings of older adults with MCI during the COVID-19 outbreak in Chile and to know what strategies they used to overcome social isolation. Method: A qualitative design was used. Ten participants with a diagnosis of MCI took part in this study. All interviews were recorde...

The Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE) is an internationally accepted tool for assessing the needs of older people. Needs are assessed in twenty-four areas of life and cover a broad range of health, social and psychological domains. Two items that measure the needs of those who care for the older person are also included. The CANE...

Background: Chilean higher education students have faced highly stressful events in 2020, including confinement and remote education. This population is particularly susceptible to mental health problems, such as high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Aim: To evaluate possible negative impacts of confinement by COVID-19 on Chilean higher e...

Background: In the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults from vulnerable ethnoracial groups are at high risk of infection, hospitalization, and death. We aimed to explore the pandemic’s impact on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States (US), Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. Methods: 1,608 (646 White, 852 Latino, 77 Bla...

Background In the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults from vulnerable ethnoracial groups are at high risk of infection, hospitalization, and death. We aimed to explore the pandemic's impact on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States (US), Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. Methods 1,608 (646 White, 852 Latino, 77 Blac...

In order to address the complexity of needs of dependent older people, multidimensional and person-centered needs assessment is required. The objective of this review is to describe met and unmet needs of dependent older people, living in the community or in institutions, and the factors associated with those needs. Selection criteria included pape...

Background: People with dementia and their family caregivers may face a great burden through social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be manifested as various behavioral and clinical symptoms. Objective: To investigate the impacts of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with dementia and their family careg...

Este informe se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación “Efecto del Confinamiento en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la salud mental y recursos psicológicos de afrontamiento de estudiantes de educación superior”. El estudio, que cuenta con la aprobación del Comité de Ética de MIDAP (Instituto Milenio para la investigación en Depresión y...

Background: Chilean higher education students have faced highly stressful events in 2020, including confinement and remote education. This population is particularly susceptible to mental health problems, such as high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Aim: To evaluate possible negative impacts of confinement by COVID-19 on Chilean higher...

Background In Chile, it is estimated that about 200.000 persons have dementia and this number will triplicate by 2020. Most care is provided by family caregivers who experience a negative impact on their physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to identify which factors from family caregivers and the person with dementia (PwD) were rel...

Introducción Desde marzo del 2020 en Chile, diversas áreas de la vida se han visto afectadas por la presencia del virus COVID-19, entre ellas, el ámbito académico, donde estudiantes han debido adaptarse a una modalidad de aprendizaje on-line (1). Esto puede llegar a influir, particularmente en los/as estudiantes universitarios/as puesto que son un...

Introduction: Expert knowledge is critical to fight dementia in inequitable regions like Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs). However, the opinions of aging experts on public policies’ accessibility and transmission, stigma, diagnostic manuals, data-sharing platforms, and use of behavioral insights (BIs) are not well known. Methods: We in...

Background The needs of people with dementia (PWD) have not been assessed in any Latin American country. Several European countries have already related unmet needs with quality of life, caregiver’s age, burden, stress, anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to identify met and unmet needs in Chilean older adults with dementia and to det...

Background: The needs of people with dementia (PWD) have not been assessed in any Latin American country. Several European countries have already related unmet needs with quality of life, caregiver’s age, burden, stress, anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to identify met and unmet needs in Chilean older adults with dementia and to de...

Background: Currently in Chile there is lack of validated tools for measuring anxiety in the elderly population. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to validate the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) in the country. Method: An analysis of the psychometric properties of the GAI was carried out, using a non-clinical sample of 301 older adu...

Background Mind-body interventions have been associated with a range of positive outcomes in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of the present study was to review the impact of different non-pharmacological programs based on mind-body intervention for older adults with MCI. Methods A comprehensive search method as required...

Background: Being a caregiver comprises several challenges in order to maintain the wellbeing of people with dementia and their caregivers. The aim of this study was to describe the coping mechanisms, social support and depressive and anxiety symptoms in informal caregivers, and to determine their relationship with unmet needs of people with dement...

Introducción: La falta de adherencia a la medicación antipsicótica sigue siendo un problema en el tratamiento de pacientes con esquizofrenia, más aún en población indígena. Objetivo: Evaluar las diferencias en la adherencia farmacológica, medida a través de la actitud hacia los antipsicóticos, entre pacientes aymara y no-aymara con esquizofrenia....

Background: Over 35 million people are estimated to be living with dementia in the world and the societal costs are very high. Case management is a widely used and strongly promoted complex intervention for organising and co-ordinating care at the level of the individual, with the aim of providing long-term care for people with dementia in the com...

Objectives Physical exercise has been associated with a range of positive outcomes including improvements in psychological well-being. The aim of the present study was to review current evidence on the effects of physical activity interventions for carers of people with dementia. Methods Systematic review. We searched electronic databases and key a...

Background: Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental illness that has a significant impact not only in the patient but also in the entire family as well. Caregivers assume almost the totality of the patient care. This responsibility exposes caregivers to an intense burden with negative consequences for them and the rest of the family system. This is...

Background Activity levels remain low in care homes, but activity engagement can enhance residents' quality of life. AimThis study aimed to assess an occupational therapy programme designed to enable care home staff to increase activity provision. MethodA cluster randomised controlled trial with blinded assessment of outcome was conducted. A total...

Introduction: This study evaluated the impact of the primary caregiver on the quality of life (QL) of patients with advanced cancer. Method: The research design is exploratory descriptive-correlational with non-probabilistic sampling for convenience with error not exceeding 5%. The sample was composed of 34 patients diagnosed with advanced cancer a...

Background: Caring for a person with dementia is associated with well-documented increases in burden and distress and decreases in mental health and wellbeing. Studies assessing burden in caregivers of patients with dementia and its determinants are scarce in Latin America. Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess the extent and...

Background Few reports have been published about differences in perspectives on perceived needs among community-residing people with dementia, their family caregivers, and professionals. The aim of this study was to compare these perspectives. Method During 2006 and 2007, one-hundred and fifty two interviews of people with dementia and their careg...

Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is a psychosocial intervention for people with dementia that has been successful in Anglo-Saxon population. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of CST in a sample of Chilean elders. The participants were 22 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mild to moderate stage, who were livi...

Schwartz defines cultural values as motivational types, where each value reflects goals and objectives to be achieved. According to Schwartz, cultural values are related to an orientation that is individualistic (values referred to as power, achievement, hedonism, stimulation and self-direction), collectivistic (benevolence, tradition and conformit...

Deinstitutionalization has forced families of patients with schizophrenia to take responsibility of informal care, without having the tools to exert their role properly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the coping strategies of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia, belonging to the Aymara ethnic group, (aborigines who are located on the h...

Durante el ano 2011 se resolvieron los concursos FONDECYT regular 2012 y de Iniciacion a la investigacion 2011. En el concurso de Iniciacion a la Investigacion, se presentaron 525 proyectos, de los cuales fueron aprobaron 262. De estos, 7 corresponden a Psicologia (de un total de 12 proyectos postulados), por un valor de 322.630 millones de pesos,...

There is lack of evidence about the unmet needs of people with dementia (PWD) living at home and the predictors of high levels of unmet needs. The main aim of this study was to identify the relationship between unmet needs, social networks and quality of life of PWD living at home. One hundred and fifty two community dwelling PWD and 128 carers wer...

In the U.K. about 141,460 people with dementia (PWD) live alone. They are at risk of social isolation and inadequate social and medical supervision. The aims of this study were to identify the needs of PWD living alone and to compare the needs of PWD living alone versus those living with others. It was predicted that PWD living alone would have sig...

A couple of decades ago, hospitals or psychiatric institutions were in charge of caring for patients with schizophrenia; however, nowadays this role is performed by one or more patient's relatives. Evidence shows that informal caregivers experience negative changes in their quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study is to review the main factors...

Variables associated with QOL in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The table shows the variables associated with QOL in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia found in the literature review [46-53].

Background. Psychiatric disorder is common amongst elderly patients in medical and surgical wards but frequently goes underdiagnosed. This group of patients also presents with needs that are complex and varied and which, therefore, can be difficult to identify. The aim of this study was to identify met and unmet needs of patients referred to old ag...

The study evaluates the psychometric characteristics of the multidimensional social support scale of Zimet et al. (1988). With this purpose, a pilot application was carried out in twelve elders, showing that it was necessary to make some adaptations to the instrument. Then, the adapted instrument was applied in seventy-six elders from the Metropoli...

The study evaluates the psychometric characteristics of the multidimensional social support scale of Zimet et al. (1988). With this purpose, a pilot application was carried out in twelve elders, showing that it was necessary to make some adaptations to the instrument. Then, the adapted instrument was applied in seventy-six elders from the Metropoli...

Summary Background. Psychiatric disorder is common amongst elderly patients in medical and surgical wards but frequently goes underdiagnosed. This group of patients also presents with needs that are complex and varied and which, therefore, can be difficult to identify. The aim of this study was to identify met and unmet needs of patients referred t...

Background: In the UK about 141,460 people with dementia (PWD) living at home live alone. They have high number of unmet needs (UN) and are at high risk of social isolation. In order to provide person-centred care, needs of PWD must be studied considering their own views. Finally, in order to improve well being it is important to know which factors...

Tesis (Mag. en Psicología, mención Psicología Clínica)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2002. Incluye bibliografía.