Claudia Gonzalez

• MPH
• Universidad del Desarrollo

Arsenic chronic exposure, particularly in its inorganic form, represents a significant public health concern. This study was conducted in Arica, the northernmost city in the country, whose inhabitants have been exposed to inorganic arsenic both naturally through drinking water and anthropogenically due to a toxic waste disposal site. We explored ch...

Unlabelled: The study compared immunity to the original SARS-CoV-2 virus (Wuhan) and the Omicron variant using neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), that provide a good approximation of protective immunity. The results might help determine immunization strategies. Design and methods: Unlike previous studies, we analyzed NAbs in a random sample of 110...

Background: Chile has achieved the highest coverage for vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus worldwide. Objective: To assess the progression of immunity (natural and acquired by vaccine) in a cohort from two Chilean cities. Methods: Individuals (n = 386) who participated in three phases of population-based serial prevalence studies were inclu...

Using levels of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), we evaluate the successful Chilean SARS-CoV-2 vaccine campaign, which combines different vaccine technologies and heterologous boosters. From a population-based study performed in November 2021, we randomly selected 120 seropositive individuals, organized into six groups of positive samples (20 subjec...

Chile is among the most successful nations worldwide in terms of its COVID-19 vaccine rollout. By 31 December 2021, 84.1% of the population was fully vaccinated, and 56.1% received booster doses using different COVID-19 vaccines. In this context, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following the infection and vaccinati...

Objective: Chile is among the most successful nations worldwide in COVID-19 vaccine rollout. By December 31st, 2021, 84.1% of the population was fully vaccinated, and 56.1% received booster doses using DIFFERENT TYPES OF COVID-19 VACCINES. In this context, we aimed to estimate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following the infection and vaccination c...

Objective: Chile is among the most successful nations worldwide in COVID-19 vaccine rollout. By December 31st, 2021, 84.1% of the population was fully vaccinated, and 56.1% received booster doses using DIFFERENT TYPES OF COVID-19 VACCINES. In this context, we aimed to estimate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following the infection and vaccination c...

Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 surgida en China a fines de 2019, se extendió rápidamente por el mundo, con casi 600 millones de casos y 6,3 millones de fallecidos en la actualidad. Los más afectados fueron los trabajadores de la salud con al menos tres veces más riesgo que la comunidad general de contraer la enfermedad. La mayoría de los est...

Introduction The extent of the population’s exposure to tobacco imagery across all genres of regular TV programming and the contribution of each of these genres is unknown, except for UK broadcast channels. The objective of this study is to estimate the exposure of young people to tobacco imagery on Chilean prime-time television and the programme s...

Objective To assess the national level of compliance with the Chilean comprehensive smoke-free legislation by observing healthcare facilities, education centres, government offices, hospitality venues and private workplaces, by type of area within workplaces and public places: enclosed, semiopen and open. Methodology In this cross-sectional observ...

Introduction The aim of the study is to assess the national level of compliance with the Chilean smoke-free legislation in the urban public transportation system. Material and Methods In this cross-sectional observational study, we studied a national representative sample of 475 vehicles obtained through a two-stage cluster sampling design in 2018...

Resumen Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de informantes clave pertenecientes a la red de Atención Primaria de Salud en Chile, respecto al proceso de gestión asistencial y el impacto del progra-ma nacional de Garantías Explícticas en Salud (GES) sobre la entrega de ayudas técnicas a personas mayores. Materiales y métodos: Un estudio cualitativo basad...

Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de informantes clave pertenecientes a la red de Atención Primaria de Salud en Chile, respecto al proceso de gestión asistencial y el impacto del programa nacional de Garantías Explícitas en Salud (GES) sobre la entrega de ayudas técnicas a personas mayores. Materiales y métodos: Un estudio cualitativo basado en análi...

INTRODUCTION Population aging is a worldwide phenomenon. It is estimated that by 2050, one of five persons will be aged ≥60 years. In Chile, 15.8% of the population is now aged ≥60 years, and this figure will reach 30.7% by 2050. In 2006, a national program was implemented to provide assistive devices to older adults aged ≥65 years with limited mob...

An outbreak of meningococcal disease with a case-fatality rate of 30% and caused by predominantly serogroup W of Neisseria meningitidis began in Chile in 2012. This outbreak required a case–control study to assess determinants and risk factors for infection. We identified confirmed cases during January 2012−March 2013 and selected controls by rando...

Percepciones que tienen informantes clave de la red de atención respecto al proceso de gestión asistencial del GES Órtesis en sus distintas etapas y al impacto que tiene en las personas mayores

Introducción La sífilis es un problema de salud pública en Chile que afecta con más frecuencia a los privados de libertad (PPL), con prevalencia estimada de 2,9%; 1.5 veces más que no-PPL. En Chile no se ha medido este fenómeno. Los tests rápidos pueden subsanar barreras de acceso al diagnóstico de las cárceles. Objetivos Estimar la prevalencia...

Background: The Chilean health system has undergone profound reforms since 1990, while going through political upheaval and facing demographic, health, and economic transformations. The full information requirements to develop an evidence-informed process implied the best possible use of the available data, as well as efforts to improve information...

Andes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, transmitted by Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, has no approved treatment, a case fatality rate of 35%, and documented person-to-person transmission. An Andes vaccine, highly needed for prevention, is in development. We aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding hantavirus disease and...

SETTING: Contact investigation of tuberculosis (TB) patients in Chilean prisons. OBJECTIVE : 1) To estimate TB incidence and the prevalence of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) among prisoners and their contacts; and 2) to determine factors associated with disease transmission. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study conducted in 46 prisons (51% of the tot...

Introduction: Meningococcal disease (MD) is a major global problem because of its case fatality rate and sequels. Since 2012 cases of serogroup W have increased in Chile, with nonspecific clinical presentation, high case fatality rate and serious consequences. Objective: To characterize the evolution and outcome of MD cases between January 2012...

Introducción: La tuberculosis (TB) sigue siendo importante en Chile y el mundo. Los grupos de riesgo son las personas VIH+, los migrantes y los privados de libertad (PPL), en quienes se centra este estudio. Se estima que la incidencia de TB en PPL en Chile es 15 a 30 veces mayor que en población general, pudiendo constituir un reservorio. En otros...

Objective: To know the natural history of the first wave of pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in the Southern hemisphere, through the detection of anti- bodies against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in a selected community, to estimate the population attack rate and its variations, the consultation rates, hospitalliza- tion and mortality rates. Methodology:...

The overall aim of this study is to develop a methodology to assess equity and access to care in health systems through a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis measuring effective coverage of one prevalent tracer condition, trough three complementary studies. This paper report on the supply side assessment, based in a clinical chart...

The overall aim of this study is to develop a methodology to assess equity and access to care in health systems through a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis measuring effective coverage of one prevalent tracer condition, trough three complementary studies. This paper report on the supply side assessment, based in a clinical chart...

Background: Based on the Tanahashi framework we developed a methodology to assess equity in access to care in health systems through a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis measuring effective coverage using one prevalent tracer conditions subjected to program as the main outcome indicator. The study was done in Chile, a country with...

Barriers And Facilitators To Health Care Access: A Qualitative Systematic Review

In order to understand the clinical and epidemiological aspects of infection with the AH1N1 influenza virus in Chile, a prospective study in the city of San Felipe was undertaken. It analyses the trends in consultations for respiratory causes in three primary care centers and hospital discharges by comparing data from years 2008 and 2009 until epid...

Con el objetivo de conocer los aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos de la infección por el virus A (H1N1) en Chile, se realizó un estudio prospectivo en la ciudad de San Felipe, lugar donde el brote de influenza se inició tardíamente en relación a otras ciudades del país. Se analizó la tendencia en las consultas por causa respiratorias en tres centr...

Strategies for accelerated control of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in Chile included mass vaccination of women of childbearing age in 1999 but did not include vaccination of adult men. We reviewed data from Chile's integrated surveillance system for measles, rubella, and CRS from 2004 through 2009 and describe the epidemiology of r...

Supplemental data and analysis. (PDF)

Since the start of the 2009 influenza A pandemic (H1N1pdm), the World Health Organization and its member states have gathered information to characterize the clinical severity of H1N1pdm infection and to assist policy makers to determine risk groups for targeted control measures. Methods and Findings Data were collected on approximately 70,000 la...

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 affected Chile during the winter of 2009. The hospitalization rate was 0.56% overall and 3.47% for persons >60 years of age at risk for severe disease and death independent of concurrent conditions. Age >60 years was the major risk factor for death from pandemic (H1N1) 2009.

Unlabelled: INTRODUCTION AND SETTING: Our analysis compares the most comprehensive epidemiologic and virologic surveillance data compiled to date for laboratory-confirmed H1N1pdm patients between 1 April 2009 - 31 January 2010 from five temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere-Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, and South Africa. Obje...

Background: The infant mortality gradient by maternal education is a good indicator of the health impact of the social inequalities that prevail in Chile. Aim: To propose a systematic method of analysis, using simple epidemiological measures, for the comparison of differential health risks between social groups that change over time. Material and M...

the infant mortality gradient by maternal education is a good indicator of the health impact of the social inequalities that prevail in Chile. to propose a systematic method of analysis, using simple epidemiological measures, for the comparison of differential health risks between social groups that change over time. data and statistics on births a...

On 17 May 2009, the first two cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) were confirmed in the Metropolitan region (Santiago, Chile). On 6 June 2009, Chile reported 500 confirmed cases, seven severe and two fatal. Because six of the severe cases and the two deaths occurred in the region of Los Lagos in southern Chile, a retrospective study was conduc...

OBJECTIVE: diarrheas are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Chile, diarrhea surveillance is a priority, particularly those caused by rotavitus, in order to find out their epidemiology including circulating serotypes and to promptly detect possible outbreaks. METHODS: a surveillance system was implemented in 8 pediatric...

OBJECTIVE: diarrheas are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Chile, diarrhea surveillance is a priority, particularly those caused by rotavitus, in order to find out their epidemiology including circulating serotypes and to promptly detect possible outbreaks. METHODS: a surveillance system was implemented in 8 pediatric...

Chile has broad variations in weather, economics and population from the far desert north (Region 1) to the cold, icy south (Region 12). A home-based self-collected vaginal sampling was nested in the 2003 Chilean population-based health survey in order to explore the possibility of a type-specific geographical variation for human papillomavirus The...

Background and Aims: Chile ranks fifth in the world among countries with the highest incidence of gastric cancer. The aim was to quantify the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer mortality at the county of residence. Methods: A cross-sectional household survey, a probability sample of the Chilean adult population, pr...

Cities in northern Chile had arsenic concentrations of 860 microg/liter in drinking water in the period 1958-1970. Concentrations have since been reduced to 40 microg/liter. We investigated the relation between lung cancer and arsenic in drinking water in northern Chile in a case-control study involving patients diagnosed with lung cancer between 1...

In some Chilean cities, levels of arsenic (As) in drinking water reached 800 (micrograms/L between 1950 and 1970, while current levels are 40 (micrograms/L. To evaluate the causal role of this exposure in lung and bladder cancers, we conducted a case-control study in Regions I, II, and III of the country. From 1994 to 1996, cases diagnosed as lung...

In some Chilean cities, levels of arsenic (As) in drinking water reached 800 µg/L between 1950 and 1970, while current levels are 40 µg/L. To evaluate the causal role of this exposure in lung and bladder cancers, we conducted a case-control study in Regions I, II, and III of the country. From 1994 to 1996, cases diagnosed as lung cancer and two hos...

We characterized clinical manifestations and the risk to develop AIDS in a cohort of 32 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus without AIDS A multivariate analysis was performed to determine association between the progression of infection and control variables (socioeconomic level, age, sex and sexual preferences) and causal variables...

Case-control methodology was used to assess lung cancer risk from exposure to arsenic in air, employing data from former workers in different units at the Chuquicamata copper mine and smelter complex. Thirty two workers from this complex were identified among the lung cancer deaths that occurred in the Northern region of Chile between 1987 and 1991...