Claire Gavray

• PHD sociology
• sn at University of Liège

Objective The goal was to understand how children born of rape in the Democratic Republic of Congo induce parental stress and how parents work together to care for these children. Background Abundant literature is devoted to children born of rape, but nothing is known about the stress undergone by their parents in the care process. Method Twenty‐...

This study was conducted in the eastern DR Congo to analyze the trauma of children born of rape (CBOR), and their behavior as it is perceived by their parents and community. Twenty-four families of women rape survivors and twenty-seven control families were used. The Trauma Symptoms Checklist for Children, Child Behavior Checklist, and Child and Yo...

Lieven.Pauwels@UGent.be RÉSUMÉ • La théorie de l'action situationnelle (TAS) est une théorie générale du crime qui propose d'expliquer la décision du passage à l'acte délinquant comme le résultat de l'interaction entre la propension criminelle d'un individu et l'environnement crimi-nogène dans lequel cet individu décide de commettre un délit. Sur l...

Abstract: This research discusses proposed and enacted public pension reforms in the context of gender inequality between widows and widowers for persons over 70 in six European Countries. Data come from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) Wave 5 sample in Belgium, Germany, Sweden, France, Italy and Spain. This inequality n...

Abstract: This research discusses proposed and enacted public pension reforms in the context of gender inequality between widows and widowers for persons over 70 in six European countries. Data come from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) Wave 5 sample in Belgium, Germany, Sweden, France, Italy, and Spain. This inequality...

Situational action theory (SAT) has emphasized the interaction between individual and social influences on youth crime involvement. In this study, attitudes towards violence, self-control and perception of neighbourhood are tested in order to determine to what extent they predict versatility in violent and non-violent offences. In order to attain t...

In all 5 of the countries studied, Germany, Sweden, Belgium, France and Italy, women live longer than men and risk having a lower amount of basic pension. This research examines the variables of age, work experience, marital status, educational level, and number of children as predictors of pension amount for women. Unlike men, marital status has a...

Une approche genrée d’un échantillon de jeunes belges francophones fréquentant l’enseignement secondaire et âgés de 16 et 20 ans (889 sujets dont 51.5 % de filles et 48.5 % de garçons) montre tout l’intérêt qu’il y a à croiser les rapports sociaux de sexe et de classe (via la section scolaire fréquentée) dans la compréhension du positionnement des...

A general process would exist by which, firstly adolescents oppose themselves to the parents’ authority and seek for acceptance among their peers. This leads to a spiral when the youth tries to resolve his cognitive dissonance between the immoral acts he is invited to commit with his friends and his personal value system learned in his family, scho...

http://hdl.handle.net/2268/188255

ABSTRACT In this article we propose looking into some factors for Civic Participation and the intention to continue to participate among local (Study I) and immigrant (Study II) young people living in Belgium and Germany. In Study I, 1,079 young people (Mage = 19.23, 44.9% males) completed a self-report questionnaire asking about their Civic Partic...

Concern with equity and adequacy in retirement income for men and women is a serious issue, especially due to the longer life expectancy of women in Europe and North America. Women not only face a higher risk of widowhood, but also the incidence of divorce has become greater. Older women, especially, are at risk of living in a single person househo...

The present study aims at testing the relationship between societal vulnerability and self-reported offending using the Belgian data of the second International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD-2). Societal vulnerability is a much-discussed covariate of adolescent offending. We test the hypotheses that violent values, self-control and troublesom...

Belgian data from the PIDOP project show that boys are more involved than girls in illegal political actions, namely the production of graffiti and other acts of “incivility”. These activities must be considered in both groups as complementary to conventional political and social participation and not as their opposite. The main explanatory factor...

The present study contributes to the study of self-control among adolescents by testing how self-control is affected by societal vulnerability and violent values and by investigating how (in)variant this relationship is for boys and girls. The Belgian International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD-2) data were used to assess to what extent posit...

Research examining youths' political development mostly focused on young people as a general group; comparatively less attention has been devoted to the examination of gender pathways toward citizenship. Two studies were conducted addressing (a) the role of parents' participation and the moderating role of adolescent gender and age group (n = 1419)...

Troublesome youth groups (TYGs) or ''gangs'' have been a research topic in the past, especially in the United States, and an increasing number of studies are currently being conducted in European countries. However, Belgium has been rather absent from the study of TYGs. This study aims to fill that gap in the literature. In the present contribution...

Three countries with different sociodemographic characteristics and different school and criminal justice systems are compared using data from Belgium, Switzerland, and Canada with respect to juvenile delinquency as measured by the International Self-Reported Delinquency questionnaire (ISRD-2). Following a brief presentation of descriptive statisti...

Belgium has a population of 10.5 million inhabitants, 8.7% of whom are of foreign origin (5.5% are citizens from the European Union, while 3.2% are of other nationalities). The average annual per capita income is €13.222. The tertiary sector accounts for about two-thirds of the Belgian economy, and this share is on the rise; it has risen from 63.7...

Understanding the meaning of a woman’s economic activity requires an in depth understanding of the labour force concept and how it has been applied to women. This paper will examine in detail some of the issues and problems with the data available and its usage as well as the problem of cross national comparability. These issues will be explored by...

The determinants of juvenile delinquency from three recent Belgian investigations This article deals with the determinants of juvenile delinquency, taking as a starting point data resulting from three recent Belgian investigations. Each had recourse to the method of self-reporting and questioned young people on varied aspects of their life. The res...

Die Ergebnisse stutzen sich auf Daten, die in einem Vierjahresintervall bei einer gemi- schten Stichprobe von 139 Jugendlichen aus Luttich gesammelt wurden; die erste Befragung fand 1992 statt, als die Jugendlichen zwischen 16 und 21 Jahre alt waren. Die an dieser reprasentativen Stichprobe durchgefuhrten Analysen entkraften die These einer allgeme...

Understanding the meaning of a woman's economic activity requires an in depth understanding of the labour force concept and how it has been applied to women. This paper will examine in detail some of the issues and problems with the data available and its usage as well as the problem of cross national comparability. These issues will be explored by...

The present longitudinal study shows that early occupational trajectories tend to diverge increasingly with time between the sexes. This divergence is attributed to the social relationships between the sexes and the changes occurring in this respect in many spheres (family, employment, public safety, etc.). On the one hand, gender-related differenc...