Chung Kwan Lo

Chung Kwan Lo
Education University of Hong Kong | ied · Department of Mathematics and Information Technology (MIT)

Doctor of Education

About

58
Publications
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5,439
Citations

Publications

Publications (58)
Article
Teachers and students have experienced an unusual year in 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. To minimize the risk of the epidemic spreading, face-to-face lecturing hours have been reduced, resulting in a substantial need for online instruction. Our project thus aims to develop open access flipped learning resources (e.g. dynamic courseware and...
Article
In recent years, there has been increasing emphasis on integrated STEM education, reflecting the fact that the four STEM disciplines (i.e., science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) are often integrated in real-world applications. However, most K-12 teachers are trained within their own subject discipline and may not be capable of implemen...
Article
ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot, has gained considerable attention as a transformative yet controversial tool for enhancing teaching and learning experiences. Several reviews and numerous articles have been written about harnessing ChatGPT in education since its release on November 30, 2022. Besides summarising its...
Article
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted schools and universities worldwide to switch to the online delivery of instructional activities. The use of fully online flipped learning correspondingly increased. This review identifies the challenges to this instructional approach and the elements required for effective course design and implementat...
Article
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In the post-pandemic world, UNESCO advocates the development of open educational resources (OER) to remedy the financial pressures of students and their families. We thus conducted a dual-cycle action research study aiming to develop a sustainable model with minimal cost for creating OER for secondary school mathematics teachers and students. Our t...
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In response to learning loss exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, some schools have prioritised remedial teaching in mathematics. Online and blended learning approaches offer additional opportunities for students to catch up. This two-stage study therefore explored the development and use of open educational resources (OERs) to support online math...
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High-quality instruction is essential to facilitating student learning, prompting many professional development (PD) programmes for teachers to focus on improving classroom dialogue. However, during PD programmes, analysing discourse data is time-consuming, delaying feedback on teachers’ performance and potentially impairing the programmes’ effecti...
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The development, use, and timely promotion of Open Education (OE) has been effective in addressing myriad educational concerns, including inclusivity, accessibility and learning achievement, among many others. However, limited information exists in the literature concerning how OE could enhance Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), which is r...
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ChatGPT, a sophisticated artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot capable of providing personalised responses to users’ inquiries, recently has had a substantial impact on education. Many studies have explored the use of ChatGPT in English as a second language (ESL) and English as a foreign language (EFL) education since its release on 30 November 2022...
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In the post-pandemic world, open educational resources (OER) have the potential to ensure educational equity by providing all students with access to learning materials and by supporting teachers’ instructional practices through readily available, adaptable resources. However, the quality of OER continues to be a concern. Therefore, this study expl...
Article
To address the limitations of general-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) tools, we developed a task-oriented AI chatbot based on the 5E (i.e. “engage”, “explore”, “explain”, “elaborate” and “evaluate”) model to scaffold students’ instructional design process. We examined the impact of integrating the 5E instructional model-informed AI chatbot on...
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In the past decade, drones have become another cutting-edge technology for educators, especially those in STEM-related domains. Accordingly, there is a significant need to thoroughly examine how drones are integrated into current pedagogical practices. This study scopes the domain of drone-based learning based on a collection of forty-eight article...
Article
In the post-pandemic world, metaverse technology has become a popular approach to facilitating students' online learning experiences. Drawing on Kolb's experiential learning theory, we created immersive scenes using CoSpaces Edu, a 'mirror-world' metaverse platform that enables students to observe mathematical properties virtually. We applied a qua...
Article
Robust information literacy (IL) self-efficacy is a cornerstone of effective learning. The effect of demographics on IL self-efficacy among Indonesian university students was studied, focusing on gender, age, and current university. Two hundred twenty-four students from four universities participated in this mixed-methods study. Quantitative data,...
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The global outbreak of COVID-19 profoundly altered our lives and teaching practices [...]
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This mini review examines the emerging concept of integrating AI-based chatbots into flipped learning and its potential to enhance students’ learning experience. We investigate the design and practice of chatbot-supported flipped learning, as well as the benefits and challenges associated with this approach. Despite an extensive database search, on...
Article
Full-text available
An artificial intelligence-based chatbot, ChatGPT, was launched in November 2022 and is capable of generating cohesive and informative human-like responses to user input. This rapid review of the literature aims to enrich our understanding of ChatGPT's capabilities across subject domains, how it can be used in education, and potential issues raised...
Conference Paper
There is an increasing interest for people to meet and interact in virtual online environments, including Gather.Town, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the post-pandemic world. We present a scoping review of 11 empirical studies in Gather.town—a 2D Metaverse using a game-like interface with video-chat in which people can create their...
Article
Teachers and students had an unusual experience in 2020. Due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, regular teaching and learning in schools were suspended in many countries. The prolonged school closure presented unprecedented challenges because all teaching and learning activities had to be converted to a fully online format. This article repo...
Article
Full-text available
During the COVID-19 pandemic, teaching and learning activities had to be conducted fully online. To sustain quality education, teachers could use open educational resources (OERs) available in the public domain to make online mathematics teaching more effective and interactive. However, we currently know little about the use of OERs in primary scho...
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Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, some instructors transitioned their courses into a fully online environment by adopting flipped learning. In this context, this review examined the challenges to fully online flipped learning and identified useful course-design elements for practicing this instructional approach in health professions educat...
Article
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Mathematical modeling is considered a bridge to STEM education and has been incorporated into K–12 mathematics curriculums in various countries. However, it has a relatively short history in Hong Kong schools. The lack of high-quality, relevant exemplars of mathematical modeling activities is a challenge to teacher practice in this area. Hence, thi...
Article
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This study explored the learning experience of university students in Hong Kong, where remote online instruction was adopted to sustain student learning during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on student voices, this study aimed to improve online instruction. A qualitative case study approach was adopted, involving 12 university st...
Chapter
During the COVID-19 pandemic, schools were required to reduce face-to-face lecturing hours to minimize contact between people. To better utilize the reduced class time, we attempted to use the flipped classroom approach to teach a junior secondary school mathematics unit. After learning some basic knowledge via pre-class videos, students took part...
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The professional development of experienced teachers has received considerably less attention than that of novice teachers. This study focuses on four experienced secondary mathematics teachers in Shanghai, China, with two participating in a year-long professional development program (treatment teachers) and the other two received conventional know...
Article
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Mathematics is one of the core STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) subject disciplines. Engaging students in learning mathematics helps retain students in STEM fields and thus contributes to the sustainable development of society. To increase student engagement, some mathematics instructors have redesigned their courses using t...
Article
The use of meta-analyses has become increasingly widespread in flipped classroom research. They are typically seen as a more objective and credible method of summarizing the effects of the flipped classroom approach. However, problems among meta-analyses are long-standing and widespread, and can undermine the credibility of the results. This paper...
Chapter
Visual learning analytics (VLA) technology is an emerging method to improve teaching and learning. However, few studies have examined the use of this technology in teacher professional development (PD). We thus conducted a case study to investigate the learning experience of an award-winning teacher in our year-long PD program for secondary school...
Chapter
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In this study, we examined the effects of different pre-class learning strategies of flipped learning on students' learning achievement and perceived cognitive load. Based on cognitive load theory and cognitive theory of multimedia learning, three strategies were designed and testified in a secondary school ICT (information and communication techno...
Article
Despite the increasing popularity of using video-recorded lectures, we still understand little about how different video styles and study strategies during video lectures may affect student learning. In this paper, we present a systematic investigation of video-recorded lectures in the context of secondary school mathematics education. Study 1 inve...
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The overarching goal of this research project is to develop a set of theoretical and empirical based design principles to support student engagement in flipped mathematics learning. We used a design‐based research approach in which a series of studies was conducted in a secondary school. First, an analysis of practical problems was performed via ex...
Conference Paper
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Students are increasingly learning via online academic discussions, posting messages in an attempt to discuss their learning problems. However, many messages often do not receive responses. This paper aims to understand the relationship between the characteristics of message content and the corresponding message responsiveness. We randomly sampled...
Article
This study examines Grade 9 students' mathematics achievement and cognitive engagement under three different instructional approaches: traditional learning, flipped learning with gamification, and online independent study with gamification. The duration of the study lasted an entire school year. The central theories underpinning flipped learning wi...
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Educators and policy makers have increasingly recognized the importance of computational thinking (CT). Despite the growing body of CT literature, how to cultivate CT is still underexplored and undertheorized in early childhood education. Informed by Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, this exploratory study was conducted with a focus on thre...
Chapter
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This chapter shares the author's experiences of and reflections on conducting systematic reviews of flipped classroom research. The author first discusses the rationale for conducting systematic reviews and how the reviews contribute to the flipped learning field. After that, he lighlights some possible strategies, regarding literature search, arti...
Article
Background: The flipped classroom has become more widely used in engineering education. However, a systematic and quantitative assessment of its achievement outcomes has not been conducted to date. Purpose: To address this gap, we examined the findings from comparative articles published between 2008 and 2017 through a meta-analysis to summarize th...
Article
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In recent years, flipped learning has attracted much attention around the world. This instructional approach is appealing because it can free up class time for knowledge application activities with help from the instructor and peers. However, its implementation can be fraught with challenges. Student disengagement in out-of-class activities, for ex...
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Critics often characterise the study of educational technology as under‐theorised. To test this assertion and to determine the extent of this criticism, the present paper reports an in‐depth analysis of the 503 most recent empirical articles published in three selected education‐technology‐related journals (Computers & Education; Learning, Media an...
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With the growing number of research articles published on flipped learning, many aspects of this instructional approach have been well researched and thoughtfully discussed. At this point, how can future research advance our understanding of flipped learning? This article sheds light on three possible directions for future studies of this instructi...
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The use of technology has become increasingly popular in various education contexts. However, integrating technology into teaching and learning is not without problems. This study aims to understand the barriers of technology integration in Hong Kong primary school English education. Thirty-six in-service teachers of an e-learning training course p...
Conference Paper
In Hong Kong, student interest and achievement in science have been declining in recent years. We thus aim to seek ways to improve our science education. This paper reports an attempt of using the flipped classroom approach together with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) to deliver a science unit ("electrical conductors and insulators")....
Article
The flipped classroom approach is becoming increasingly popular. This instructional approach allows more in-class time to be spent on interactive learning activities, as the direct lecturing component is shifted outside the classroom through instructional videos. However, despite growing interest in the flipped classroom approach, no robust framewo...
Chapter
Full-text available
In recent years, the flipped classroom approach has attracted much attention from educators around the world. However, we still understand little about how we can structure the pre-class, and in-class activities in a coherent way that could engage students. The purpose of this study is to examine the use of the 5-E instructional model in order to f...
Article
Full-text available
Background: The use of flipped classroom approach has become increasingly popular in health professions education. However, no meta-analysis has been published that specifically examines the effect of flipped classroom versus traditional classroom on student learning. This study examined the findings of comparative articles through a meta-analysis...
Article
The flipped classroom approach is a type of technology-enhanced pedagogy that has grown popular in education settings. An increasing number of empirical studies have evaluated this approach, but there is still no adequate theoretical framework for guiding the design and implementation of flipped classrooms. Furthermore, few such studies have been c...
Article
The use of flipped classroom has gained widespread interest among many universities in recent years. Yet, despite this interest, we still lack specific guidance on how to structure the pre-class and in-class activities in a conceptually coherent way to engage students. Using an educational modelling language (orchestration graphs), we illustrate a...
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An increasing number of teachers are using flipped classroom approach in their teaching. This instructional approach combines video-based learning outside the classroom and interactive group learning activities inside the classroom. The purpose of the present review is to provide an overview of flipped classroom studies in K-12 education. Particula...
Article
This paper analyzed the journal publications of mathematics flipped classroom studies in K-12 and higher education contexts. We focused specifically on a set of flipped classroom studies in which pre-class instructional videos were provided prior to face-to-face class meetings. We examined the following four major issues: (a) the types of out-of-cl...
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Although the use of Flipped Classroom has become increasingly popular among many educators, there is a pressing need to study how it is designed, implemented, and evaluated in actual practice. Moreover, there is scarcity of research on using Flipped Classroom as a remedial strategy in secondary school Mathematics education. The present article repo...
Article
There is a growing interest in using a flipped classroom format in day-to-day teaching. According to Bishop and Verleger (2013), direct computer-based individual instruction outside the classroom and interactive group learning activities inside the classroom are the two essential components of the flipped classroom model. By watching instructional...
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Some students are disengaged in learning History because of heavy workload of reading and writing requirement. Recently a few teachers have attempted to use flipped classroom (or inverted classroom) in their History classes to engage their students. The purpose of this paper is to identify some good practices in the existing literature of flipping...
Article
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Flipping the classroom is a current pedagogical innovation in many schools and universities. Although interest in flipped classroom (or Inverted Classroom) continues to grow, its implementation so far has been driven more by teachers’ intuitive beliefs, rather than empirically-based principles. Many studies merely replace in-class instructions with...
Conference Paper
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While Flipped Classroom instructional approach has become increasingly popular, there is a lack of research exploring which video production styles are suitable for Secondary School Mathematics Flipped Classroom. We describe our experience of using six different video production styles in a Flipped Classroom learning environment for 24 Form 6 (Grad...

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