Chuang Wang

University of Macau · Faculty of Education

Students today need to become good digital citizens in order to operate successfully when reading, writing, learning, and interacting socially online. Digital citizenship depends on online access, mastery of technical skills for using digital devices, guidance from parents and teachers, and applying established social norms for online behavior. To...

Researchers and practitioners in the field of second language acquisition have come to realize the importance of non-cognitive skills such as self-efficacy and self-regulation in students’ learning of a second language. However, there has been limited systematic research on such measures in the second language context and the validity and reliabili...

Successful vocabulary acquisition hinges on the harmonious interplay of various factors. Despite some studies that have been conducted to examine the direct effect of self‐regulation on vocabulary learning, few of them tapped into the relationship among self‐regulation, motivational beliefs, vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary proficiency...

Informed by multiple theoretical perspectives pertaining to academic procrastination, this investigation examined multilevel models aimed to predict homework procrastination using the data from 1,072 middle schoolers in China. Our model incorporated student gender, homework motivation, homework approach, homework behavior, and time allocated to ex...

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether learning strategies play a mediating role in the relationship between learning attitude and foreign language proficiency. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) were employed to analyze the structural connections among language learning strategies, learning attitudes, and th...

Self‐efficacy is theorized as a malleable construct that can be influenced by teachers' instructions; however, limited effort has been devoted to evaluating the effectiveness of self‐efficacy interventions. This study leverages a mixed methods design to evaluate the effectiveness of a self‐efficacy intervention over 16 weeks among Chinese English a...

Past studies have shown gender differences among English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. However, most of these studies have focused on mean-level differences using variable-centered analyses. Studies have seldom explored similarities and differences in motivational profiles using person-centered approaches. To bridge this gap, we examined th...

The aim of this investigation is to identify different profiles of undergraduates based on online homework management strategies: arranging the environment, managing time, monitoring motivation, cognitive reappraisal, emotion management, and handling distraction. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was applied to investigate online homework management pr...

Schulleitungen üben entscheidenden Einfluss auf Schulkultur oder Leistung einer Schule aus. Ihre Rolle bei der Implementation von Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) wurde bisher jedoch kaum untersucht. Der Bericht gibt Einblick in ein Forschungsprojekt zu Aktivitäten, Kompetenzen und Einfluss von Schulleitungen im Kontext von Schulentwicklun...

Although the field of second language (L2) writing has evolved into an independent field of inquiry with the exponential growth in research across contexts in the past decades, relatively less attention has been paid to teachers who write and teach writing in school instructional contexts. In particular, scant research on L2 writing teachers has in...

The current study investigated the relationship between students’ perceived teacher–student relationship (SPTSR) and their performance in English via multiple mediation effects of resilience and autonomous learning in the Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) context. The participants were 15,184 eighth-graders from China. Results of the mult...

The study aimed to adapt and validate two popular instruments on academic resilience in a collectivistic culture. One is a brief unidimensional scale (ARS_SCV), and another is a context-specific multidimensional scale (ARS_MCV). The participants were 569 high school students in China. Based on Messick’s validity framework, we provided evidence to s...

We live in times of multiple crises. Climate change, degradation of soils, loss of biodiversity, COVID-19, and the war in Ukraine, to name but a few. School leaders are challenged in many ways to tackle the consequences of these crises, to prepare students for a future that will foreseeably be full of crises too, and to just do their “normal” daily...

The current study examined how Chinese characters were taught by primary grade teachers in Macao during online instruction resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e., emergency remote instruction). A random sample of 313 first to third grade teachers in public and private schools were surveyed about their instructional practices. Most teachers surv...

The current investigation evaluates the psychometric properties of the Online Homework Goal Orientation Scale (OHGOS) for college students. Participants were 612 college students in China. Results revealed that the OHGOS included two subscales: mastery- and performance-approaches. Results further revealed that intercept was invariant across gender...

English as a foreign language (EFL) learners in China view learning vocabulary as one of their biggest challenges. Despite the importance of vocabulary learning for mastering English, no existing survey specifically measures Chinese students' vocabulary learning motivation. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Vocabulary Learning Motivati...

The first purpose of this empirical study was to assess and validate the Academic Writing Self‐Efficacy Belief Questionnaire (AWSEBQ) framed by social cognitive theory. The second purpose was to evaluate the predictive effects of different aspects of self‐efficacy beliefs on academic writing performance. Data were collected from 743 learners at a C...

This study adopted a person-centered approach to investigate students' perceptions of teacher homework involvement based on the data from 823 9th-grade students in China. Measures on students' perceptions of teacher homework involvement included (a) three measures regarding student-perceived quality of teacher involvement (homework quality, autonom...

This study examines the impacts of an intensive summer English training program on the self-efficacy beliefs and listening and speaking skills of college students at a large university in northwestern China. Mixed analysis of variance was employed to examine changes in students' self-efficacy beliefs and English listening and speaking skills before...

Motivation and engagement have long been recognized as determinants of foreign language learning. However, prior studies have mainly used variable-centered approaches to explore their relationships with key learning-related outcomes. Individual differences in foreign language learners' motivation and engagement and how they are associated with othe...

Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) is a criterion-based teaching approach incorporating explicit and systematic instruction of writing strategies, knowledge or skills, and self-regulation procedures into writing. This study aims to estimate the overall average effect of SRSD on English writing outcomes and to examine the extent to which the...

This empirical study serves two purposes. The first purpose is to validate a newly developed instrument, the Metacognitive Academic Writing Strategies Questionnaire (MAWSQ), which represents the multifaceted structure of metacognition in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) academic writing setting. The second purpose is to delineate the predicti...

This study used hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to examine the relationship of student, teacher, school, and district‐level variables on students' mathematics achievement as measured on the Grade 5 end of year assessment in North Carolina. Analyses indicated that there were statistically significant relationships between gains in student achieve...

This study provided validity evidence of the Questionnaire of English Writing Self-Efficacy (QEWSE) based on the five sources of validity evidence described in the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (AERA, APA, & NCME, 2014). Items of this measure demonstrated close alignment with the linguistic domain and the writing self-efficacy...

The Charlotte Bilingual Preschool (CltBP), situated in the 17 th largest urban area of the US, has found itself at the intersection of its community's agendas to provide high quality preschool services to Spanish-speaking families, improve opportunities for upward mobility, and foster literacy gains for children from birth through third grade. This...

Objective: The aim of the study was to understand Chinese university students’ psychological development during the COVID-19 outbreak. Method: Four online surveys, i.e., emotional adjustment, perceived social support, self-efficacy belief, and anxiety in English learning, were administered to 585 university students in China. The data were analyzed...

The transition into high school is a critical time to act for students with a history of academic difficulty. In this study, researchers examined the impact of a learning strategies intervention program called High School Success on performance of students demonstrating deficits in literacy and academic skills. Data were collected on performance in...

This paper reports findings from two empirical studies on students' reported use of self-regulatory writing strategies and the relationships with their writing performance in a secondary school English as a foreign language (EFL) context. Study One adopted a factorial design using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to validate the inferen...

Teaching has always been an emotionally demanding profession, which involves tremendous emotional labour on the part of language teachers. This is particularly true for instructors of English as a foreign language (EFL) suddenly obliged to teach online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on the approach of autoethnographic self-study, this articl...

The primary goals of this study are to investigate if cognitive activation increases mathematics self-efficacy, which in turn alleviates anxiety and to examine the moderating role of internal migrant status. Hierarchical linear models and multilevel structural equation models were employed to datasets of 3088 fourth graders from 57 classrooms in Ch...

The present study used the mixed item response theory (IRT) model to identify qualitatively distinct subgroups of sixth-grade students with respect to their performance on word problems on speed. A total of 345 Singaporean students and 361 Chinese students took a problem-solving test on speed. The mixed IRT analysis revealed two latent classes — th...

本研究使用混合项目反应理论(IRT)模型将六年级学生在数学问题解决的行程问题测试中的表现分为几个有着质的区别的群组。来自新加坡的345名学生和来自中国的361名学生参加了行程问题的测试。混合IRT分析表明存在两个潜在的组别，其中一组学生（我们称为代数熟手组）倾向于用传统的代数和算术策略去解决问题，而另一组学生（我们称为代数初学组）除了使用传统的代数和算术策略外，更倾向于运用模型化方法、单位元方法和猜测-检验方法等策略。本研究表明在小学数学教学中可以提倡使用多种不同的问题解决策略，小学高年级的数学教学需要帮助学生建立这些策略之间的联系，特别是它们和抽象的代数策略之间的联系，以便顺利过渡到代数的学习。

The study aimed (a) to estimate the overall average effect size of the relationship between writing self-efficacy and writing achievement for first language (L1) and second language (L2) writers in English; and (b) to examine how writing in English as a L1/L2 moderates the relationships based on a meta-analysis of published journal articles and dis...

To successfully cope with global challenges such as climate change or loss of biodiversity, it will require a substantial change in the ways societies make use of the natural resources of our planet. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is expected to support the transformation of societies towards more sustainable ways of thinking, working,...

Metacognitive strategies, language learning motivation, and self-efficacy belief are crucial to online or remote learning success. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the interrelationship among metacognitive strategies, language learning motivation, self-efficacy belief, and English learning achievement. The data were collected from t...

In this sixth volume, a dedicated set of authors explore the Education field, contributing to the frontlines of knowledge. Success depends on the participation of those who wish to find creative solutions and believe in their potential to change the world, altogether to increase public engagement and cooperation from communities. Part of our missio...

Online learning has emerged as the “new norm” due to the COVID-19 crisis. Compared with institutions’ and teachers’ responses to online teaching, little is known about students’ perceived influence of online assessment practices. The present study explored the perceived effects of learning-oriented online assessment on L2 students’ feedback literac...

The COVID-19 university closure forced a rapid transition and adaptation to online teaching. This paper reports on a case study that examined teacher agency in response to online teaching from February to September 2020. In the study we collected multiple data from three teachers of Chinese as an additional language, including semi-structured inter...

Despite the importance of advanced language proficiency when teaching a foreign language, little research has investigated the oral proficiency of aspiring foreign language teachers across multiple countries and what their teacher training programs do to enhance it. In response, the researchers collected and analyzed both quantitative and qualitati...

Researchers and practitioners in the field of second language acquisition have come to realize the importance of non-cognitive skills such as self-efficacy and self-regulation in students' learning of a second language. However, there has been limited systematic research on such measures in the second language context and the validity and reliabili...

The COVID-19 university closure forced a rapid transition and adaptation to online teaching. This paper reports on a case study that examined teacher agency in response to online teaching from February to September 2020. In the study we collected multiple data from three teachers of Chinese as an additional language, including semi-structured inter...

Effective school leadership is crucial to a school’s success. Yet throughout the world, attracting and retaining qualified school leaders is often a formidable challenge. To discern ways in which we may recruit and retain competent school leaders, this study compares the extent to which principals in three industrialized countries, China, Germany a...

Cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs) show great promise in language assessment for providing rich diagnostic information. The lack of a full understanding of second language (L2) listening subskills made model selection difficult. In search of optimal CDM(s) that could provide a better understanding of L2 listening subskills and facilitate accurate c...

This study examined the role motivational dispositions had on completing a massive open online course (MOOC) using identifiable data from 10,726 students who enrolled in an iteration of the HarvardX MOOC, Super Earths and Life. As part of the course registration process, learners had the option to complete a pre-course survey and self-report inform...

This study examined the interconnections among preschool teachers’ self-efficacy, classroom process quality and children’s social skill development based on a randomly selected sample of 5628 preschool children in a Chinese preschool context. Given the nested data structure, multilevel mediation modeling was utilized to investigate whether teachers...

This article provides an overview of existing instruments measuring self-efficacy for English language learning in both first and second language acquisition fields and their reliability and validity evidence. It also describes the development and use of the Questionnaire of English Language Self-Efficacy (QESE) scale, designed specifically for Eng...

This paper reports on an inquiry that interpreted a group of New Zealand students’ strategic efforts related to Chinese language learning during study abroad in China through the lens of identity. In this study, we encouraged 15 participants to write reflective journals and conducted group interviews and online communication to examine their strate...

A growing body of research focuses on what outcomes to assess in makerspaces, and appropriate formats for capturing those outcomes (e.g. reflections, surveys, and portfolios). Linguistic analysis as a data mining technique holds promise for revealing different dimensions of learning exhibited by students in makerspaces. In this study, student refle...

This study investigated Chinese university students’ technology-assisted self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies and whether the technology-based SRL strategies mediated the associations between English language self-efficacy, English enjoyment, and learning outcomes. Data were collected from 525 undergraduate students in mainland China through th...

Based on Messick's (1995) framework of construct validity and responses from 521 teachers in the United States and 580 teachers in China, this study provided evidence of the generalizability aspect of construct validity for the Classroom Appraisal of Resources and Demands (CARD) questionnaire originally developed in the United States. Confirmatory...

This article reports the development and validation of an instrument, the Technology-Based Self-Regulated English Learning Strategies Scale (TSELSS), in terms of its multifaceted structure of self-directed use of technology in English learning among Chinese university EFL students. TSELSS was developed through a three-phase process, focusing on the...

This study aims to estimate the average effect size of the relationship between self-efficacy and language proficiency and to examine factors that moderate the relationship. A meta-analysis of the 493 effect sizes for the relationship between language learners’ self-efficacy beliefs and their language proficiency from 74 published journal articles,...

Informed by theoretical frameworks and related literature concerning intrinsic motivation, favorability, motivational interference, and time management, the current study uses cross-lagged panel models to investigate the longitudinal relations among homework intrinsic motivation, favorability, time management, and math achievement, using data from...

This article reports the development and validation of an instrument, the Technology-Based Self-Regulated English Learning Strategies Scale (TSELSS), in terms of its multifaceted structure of self-directed use of technology in English learning among Chinese university EFL students. TSELSS was developed through a three-phase process, focusing on the...

Digital citizenship refers to exhibiting responsible digital habits to function in a digital world. The purpose of this mixed methods study is to examine K-12 educators’ experiences based on a digital citizenship graduate-level course that they participated in for professional development. Forty-five educators participated in this course. In additi...

While automated writing evaluation (AWE) programs are becoming a readily available pedagogic option for second language (L2) writing instructors, the important question of whether the use of AWE would impact teacher feedback remains largely unexplored. This study investigated teacher feedback practices in response to the adoption of AWE in a mainst...

The present study investigated several clusters of variables influencing students’ math homework expectancy based on 3018 students in grade 8 in China. Results revealed that math homework expectancy was positively associated with homework quality at both the individual and class level. At the individual level, math homework expectancy was positivel...

Digital citizenship is defined as using knowledge and skills to exhibit appropriate behavior online using digital technology. Two hundred and thirty-seven middle school students were surveyed about digital device use and perception of digital citizenship practices on cyberbullying, digital netiquette, digital footprint, digital privacy, and digital...

This paper reports on an inquiry that examined groups of New Zealand students’ motivational shifts related to learning Chinese before and after relocation to China. In the inquiry, we encouraged 15 participants to write reflective journals and conducted two rounds of interviews before and after their study abroad trip to China. The analysis reveale...

Higher education faculty use of current digital technologies based on their perception of importance, competence, and motivation is examined in this study. Two hundred and forty-seven faculty in the United States responded to an online survey on current digital technology use. Descriptive statistics and categorical means for the digital technologie...

Competent use of the Internet to locate information is an important skill for today’s youth. Yet, many lack the knowledge and dispositions to engage in the processes necessary to effectively and efficiently find information on the Internet. As a result, various countries have incorporated references to the processes of online inquiry within their e...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into institutions of higher education (IHE) on how to support faculty in the integration of digital technologies. The research explores faculty interest in types of digital technology information and training, and the types of support faculty are likely to participate in related to digital tec...

45 from 66 % to 92%. Community colleges offering online certificate programs also saw an increase from 76% to 84%. Researchers have conducted studies that focus on improving student performance in online courses in community Distance education enrollment has continued to increase in community colleges (Allen and Seaman, 2017, 2018). According to St...

Online course facilitation is critical to the success of online courses. Instructors use various facilitation strategies in online courses to engage students. One hundred instructors were surveyed on their perception of helpfulness of twelve different facilitation strategies used in online courses to enhance instructor presence, instructor connecti...

This study aims to examine how writing self-efficacy and writing self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies are related to writing proficiency among college students in an English as a foreign language (EFL) context. The Questionnaire of English Writing Self-Efficacy (QEWSE) and the Questionnaire of English Writing Self-Regulated Learning Strategies...

This is a longitudinal study of the change in the academic achievement gap between African American and European American students from elementary to high schools with large administrative data from a school district in the United States. Analysis of variance between eight tracks of students defined by the school environment of isolated schools or...

To meet the challenge of recruiting and retaining principals, this study examined school principal’s perspectives of factors that might influence their decisions to remain in their positions as well as barriers that would have discouraged them to become principals. The sample consisted of 119 school principals in South Korea, 117 school principals...

Digital citizenship, defined as exhibiting appropriate and responsible behavior with digital technology use, is an essential component of technology education. The purpose of this study was to examine K-12 educators’ perceptions of their students' digital citizenship knowledge and practices as they relate to cyberbullying, digital footprint, digita...

With the increase in number of courses being offered online, there is an increase in the need for professional development support for instructors to teach online. The purpose of this study is to examine faculty perceptions on professional development needs for online teaching, specifically in the U.S. and in Germany. Based on a qualitative open-en...

Faculty readiness to teach online is a state of faculty preparedness for online teaching. In this study, it is measured by faculty attitudes about the importance of online teaching competencies and faculty's perceptions of their ability to confidently teach online. Validity and reliability of faculty responses to an online instrument and factors re...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between school climate and teacher stress. Specifically, the authors construct two parsimonious models to test two main hypotheses. First, whether preschool collegial leadership predicts teachers’ job stress through the mediating role of teacher self-efficacy; second, whether teacher...

With the increase in the number of online courses being offered, it is important for faculty to be prepared to teach online. In this study, we examine US and German faculty perceptions on their preparedness to teach online based on the perception of importance of teaching online competencies and their efficacy to teach online. We also examine facto...

National trends indicate that approximately half of world language instructor candidates in the United States struggle to meet the benchmark oral proficiency standard established by ACTFL (Kissau, 2014; Swender, 2003) and measured by the Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI). Given the critical instructor shortage, more needs to be done to help aspiring...

The school principal impacts student achievement at a level second only to that of the classroom teacher. The USA and Germany are experiencing challenges in recruiting and retaining individuals for the principalship and the shortage is expected to intensify. Previous research has shown that increasing paperwork and responsibilities serve as inhibit...

This article reports on a quantitative study investigating Vietnamese college students' selfefficacy beliefs as related to their English language proficiency and prior learning experience. A sample of 767 Vietnamese first-year college students responded to the Questionnaire of Self-Efficacy Beliefs. Results of this study support Bandura’s (1997) so...

In response to the critical shortage of foreign language teachers internationally, school districts around the world are employing a variety of recruitment strategies, including conducting international searches. While these strategies may help to fill foreign language teacher vacancies, they lack a strong research base, as little is known about wh...