Christoph Knieke

Technische Universität Clausthal | TUC · Institute for Software and Systems Engineering

The development dynamics of digital innovations for industry, business, and society are producing complex system conglomerates that can no longer be designed centrally and hierarchically in classic development processes. Instead, systems are evolving in DevOps processes in which heterogeneous actors act together on an open platform. Influencing and...

Recently, remarkable successes have been achieved in the quality assurance of automotive software systems (ASSs) through the utilization of real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. Based on the HIL platform, safe, flexible and reliable realistic simulation during the system development process can be enabled. However, notwithstanding the te...

Today, more and more highly complex Internet Of Things (IoT) ecosystems are emerging that can no longer be centrally designed and controlled, but must self-adapt to new environments and user requirements. An approach to achieve this self-adaptation are so called emergent software service platforms that must be able to react continuously at runtime...

The development dynamics of digital innovations for industry, business, and society are producing complex system conglomerates that can no longer be designed centrally and hierarchically in classic development processes. Instead, systems are evolving in DevOps processes in which heterogeneous actors act together on an open platform. Influencing and...

Software systems may experience multiple emergent behaviors during their operation time. These emergent system behaviors occur when system engineers develop their system under the closed-world assumption, but this assumption is not met during its operation. This means that system engineers work on the basis that they have complete knowledge of the...

ion Refinement Model has been widely adopted since it was firstly proposed many decades ago. This powerful model of software evolution process brings important properties into the system under development, properties such as the guarantee that no extra behavior (specifically harmful behaviors) will be observed once the system is deployed. However,...

The rapidly growing number of software-based features in the automotive domain as well as the special requirements in this domain ask for dedicated engineering approaches, models, and processes. Nowadays, software development in the automotive sector is generally developed as product line development, in which major parts of the software are kept a...

Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) has been recommended by ISO 26262 as an essential test bench for determining the safety and reliability characteristics of automotive software systems (ASSs). However, due to the complexity and the huge amount of data recorded by the HIL platform during the testing process, the conventional data analysis methods used for...

A well-known challenge in the development of safety-critical systems in vehicles today is that reliability and safety assessment should be rigorously addressed and monitored. As a matter of fact, most safety problems caused by system failures can lead to serious hazards and loss of life. Notwithstanding the existence of several traditional analytic...

There has been a wide range of research work on Change Impact Analysis techniques and their applications. Good tool support is necessary to successfully apply Change Impact Analysis (CIA) for software migration. Today, there are several tools available to support these techniques. But many of these tools are just prototypes and do not scale for rea...

Architecture erosion is a big challenge in modern architectures leading to a deterioration of the quality properties of these systems. Today, no comprehensive approach for regaining architecture consistency in eroded software systems exists and architecture consistency is essentially achieved by repairing the implementation level only. In this pape...

In cooperative development, vehicle manufacturers follow the AUTOSAR standard to synthesize the overall scheduling of a component-based real-time software system. However, the vehicle manufacturer is not able to define overall scheduling requirements as the decomposition of subsystems into software components is determined in later development step...

Applications provided by software intensive systems in an Internet of Things environment offer new business opportunities from the industry. An application describes the expected behavior of the software system. Thereby, the steps of a business process (e.g., event booking) are determined using objects from the Internet of Things environment at run...

Mitigating software architecture degradation is a task in evolving large and complex software-intensive systems that is as important as it is challenging. One aspect adding to the complexity of the task is the amount of information in the implementations of most real-world systems to be digested in order to detect, analyse, and remedy degradation....

The control of degraded products, waste streams and secondary raw materials that can be produced from those must be in line with demand within the framework of an Advanced Circular Economy. Material requirements are developing dynamically depending on product development and consumer behavior. Accordingly, the recycling system must also behave dyna...

About 90% of the innovations on today's vehicles are driven by electrics/electronics or software functions. This shifts the focus from a component-oriented perspective to a function-oriented view in engineering. At the same time, descriptions of systems and subsystems are required in order to coordinate collaboration with suppliers. These different...

Zusammenfassung. Für die Weiterentwicklung eines Cyber-physischen Systems (CPS) in interdis-ziplinären Projekten treffen oftmals unterschiedliche Modellierungsansätze aufeinander. Insbesondere prozessorientierte Ansätze zur Beschreibung des Ablaufs des Gesamtsystems stehen den komponen-tenorientierte Ansätzen zur Realisierung des Systems gegenüber....

The handling of degraded products, waste streams and secondary raw materials that can be generated from those should be in line with the demands of an upcoming Advanced Circular Economy approach. Material requirements are developing dynamically depending on product development and consumer behavior. Accordingly, the recycling system must also behav...

About 90% of the innovations on today’s vehicles are driven by electrics/electronics or software functions. This shifts the focus from a component-oriented perspective to a function-oriented view in engineering. At the same time, descriptions of systems and subsystems are required in order to coordinate collaboration with suppliers. These different...

The high time and cost pressure in the automotive market encourages reuse of components and software in different vehicle projects leading to a high degree of variability within the software. Often, a product line approach is used to handle variability. However, the increasing complexity and degree of variability of automotive software systems hind...

The automotive industry aspires a high degree of reuse in software development in order to reduce the development costs. The reuse is achieved by a product-wide development for different vehicle variants, as well as by reuse in subsequent products. However, the increasing complexity and degree of variability of automotive software systems hinders t...

Automotive software systems are an essential and innovative part of nowadays connected and automated vehicles. The automotive industry is currently facing the challenge to re-invent the automobile. Consequently, automotive software systems, their software systems architecture, and the way we engineer those kinds of software systems are confronted w...

The amount of software in cars has been growing exponentially since the early 1970s, and one can expect this trend to continue. To keep the software development for vehicles cost efficient, modular components with a high reuse rate cross different types of vehicles are used. Often, a product line approach is used to handle variability. As the under...

To keep the software development for vehicles cost efficient, software components are reused for different variants as well as for succeeding generations. Furthermore, cost reductions are achieved by software sharing between the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) and the suppliers. However , as a consequence of the blackboxed view caused by soft...

Vehicle functions for engine control units are modeled using a set of software units, so-called modules, specifying the discrete and continuous behavior of the corresponding function. As required by ISO26262, each module needs to be tested separately. Established techniques for model-based testing necessitate a requirements specification from which...

Most automobile manufacturers maintain many vehicle types to keep a successful position on the market. Through the further development all vehicle types gain a diverse amount of new functionality. Additional features have to be supported by the car’s software. For time efficient accomplishment, usually the existing electronic control unit (ECU) cod...

Since the major revision 2 of the Unified Modeling Language (UML), activity diagrams have acquired many new features, e.g. hierarchy, data flow and signals. Thus, UML 2 activity diagrams are one of the most versatile formalisms, and can be applied indifferent domains. Activity diagrams are supported by a number of tools enabling for instance the ex...

Since the revision 2 of the UML, activity diagrams have acquired many new features and a completely new metamodel. UML 2 was targeted at improving semantic precision but still lacks an executable semantics as a basis for tool support and simulation. In this paper we define an executable step semantics for a subset of activity diagrams including nes...

A seamless model-based methodology for requirements specification becomes increasingly the key to successful software systems engineering. The enhanced activity diagrams of UML 2 offer a promising intuitive modeling approach for requirements capturing. On this basis, we propose a formal syntax and operational semantics and extend activity diagrams...

Errors, inconsistences, incompletenesses and ambiguities in the requirements specification are major reasons for the failure of IT projects. Since the new major version 2 of the UML, the suitability of activity diagrams for modeling requirements has increased significantly. UML 2 activity diagrams are based upon a completely reengineered metamodel...